MUSI 100 - Chapter 2
Augmentation dots
- Used to augment (increase) the duration of a note by adding it to a half note to create a sound that is three beats long - Duration increases by 50% or half the original
Why are ties used?
- Useful for connecting notes that are written in different measures - Sound can have the desired duration without exceeding the beat limit for the measure
Do not use half rests in _____ meters
3/4
Accidental
A symbol that alters the pitch of a note
Enharmonic keys
Sound the same but are notated differently There are 3 pairs of enharmonic major keys: 1. C-sharp = D-flat major 2. F-sharp = G-flat major 3. B = C-flat major
Adding a dot to a quarter note ...
increases a length of one beat by 50% and results in a note duration of 1 1/2
Tie
Combines two or more written durations into a single sound Ex: Two quarter notes (one beat each) will become one sound lasting two beats if connected with a tie symbol
If it's a tie, the pitch of the two notes being connected will be the ...
same
An accidental alteration is canceled by ...
the next barline or natural sign
Alteration indicated by an accidental applies for ...
the rest of the measure
Do not use a half rest beginning on beat ____ of a four-beat measure
two
Ties always connect ...
note-heads (NOT stems)
Half-step
- One step away in the chromatic scale - Smallest increment between pitches - There are 12
Anacrusis
- Also referred to as a pickup (measure, note or beat) - Are used when songs do not begin on the first beat of a measure
Rests
- Are used to indicate a definite period of silence in music - Just as with notes, type of rest symbol used indicates the duration of the silence
Types of rests
Eighth rest, Quarter rest, Half rest, Whole rest
Quarter rest
Lasts the same as a quarter note (1 beat)
Whole rest
Lasts the same as a whole note OR indicates an entire measure of rest in any meter (4 or ______ beats)
Eighth rest
Lasts the same as an eighth note (1/2 beat)
Double Flat (bb)
Lowers pitch two half steps
Flat (b)
Lowers the pitch one half step Ex: Bb is one half step lower than B
Diatonic
Notes are on different lines
Chromatic
Notes are on same lines
Syncopation
Occurs when an otherwise weak part of a measure or beat is emphasized
Sharp (#)
Raises the pitch one half step Ex: an F# is one half step higher than F
Double Sharp (x)
Raises the pitch two half steps
Types of accidentals
Sharp, Flat, Double Sharp, Double Flat
Whole-step
Two steps away in the chromatic scale
Accidental symbols always appears ...
before (to the left) of the note being modified
Sometimes ties will be used within a measure to ...
notate syncopated rhythms
Do not use dots with ...
rests (instead, combine two rests)