Music 1751 Kimball exam 2
Folk Music
-oral transmission - often specific to an ethnic group or region - originated in African American community
Leading Jazz Bandleader in 1920s early 1930s & played "caravan"
Duke Ellington
The two categories of drums used in "Yoruba" religion
Dundun- 2 headed drum with multiple pitches Bata- 2 headed drums whose pitches cannot change
Gender
a cultural construct that refers to how we identify ourselves and others based on the cultural traits associated with biological sex
ethnicity
a group of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural, or national experiences
Opera
a staged drama that is usually sung throughout
Music plays a role....
in the construction of identities, including ethnic groups
Aretha Franklin
Queen of Soul - detroit born singer blended gospel and soul music
Melevi Sufi Order
the mystic branch of Islam developed around Turkey in the 1200s
Castrati
young boys who would be purposely castrated to produce high pitched voices imitating women (18th century Europe)
Overture
the beginning of an opera by the orchestra
Race
people who identify together based on biological traits that society finds important
Arias
solo songs sung in an opera
People associated with original Blues
- Robert Johnson "Cross Road Blues" (1936) -Mississippi John Hurt "Stagolee" (1928)
Blues form
"twelve bar blues" common form in blues music
Meditation and Chant
- Monks in Tibet, India, and Nepal - serves as a ritual - aids in meditation - conveys religious message
Bob Marley
- Jamaican singer/songwriter - member of the Rastafari movement - songs aimed at wide audiences with reference to his own beliefs - "jammin"
Sacred Harp Singing
- a rural American tradition - 4 voice parts in harmony -strict tempo and beat - loud singing style - "I'm going Home"
Carmen
- an opera by George Bizet - one of the most famous operas of all time - "Habenera scene"
Melevi Sufi Order performance
- based on Turkish traditional music - uses a variety of string, and percussion also human voice
Traits of African American music/ THE BLUES
- improvisation - storytelling (ballads) - call and response - bent pitches; blue notes - steady beats
Gamelan
- in Bali, Indonesia - a religious, ceremonial music played in hindu temples -percussion variety - only men - women were allowed after 1980s
Style of Jazz called swing
- instrumentation - big bands -woodwinds brass and rhythm section
Gregorian Chant
- one of the earliest types of European music on record - monophonic religious music sung in Latin Catholic Churches and monastaries
Samazans
- practitioners of Sufism - worship ceremonies are highly symbolic - known for their unique ritual dances "Whirling Dervishes"
How are music and spirituality related?
- religious beliefs can be expressed in song - music can facilitate religious/spiritual experiences - can excite spiritual feelings
Examples of Gender and Music
- song lyrics with gender topics - instruments can be gendered - musical styles are gendered - musicians perform their gender
Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel
- upper class German composer and pianist - prohibited from a musical career by her family
"Talking" Drums
- used in the Yoruba religion in Nigeria - drums mimic the tonal language
"Cross Road Blues" & "Stagolee" both feature
-a story(one personal, one more general) - distinctive guitar playing - call and response - improvisation
Harmonic Singing
A vocal technique whereby a singer simultaneously produces a fundamental pitch and its overtones; also called overtone singing.
Jazz first developed in
New Orleans red light district called "Storyville"
African American culture...
is a fusion of diverse cultural practices from WEST AFRICA & the CARIBBEAN
Monophonic
means no meter in latin Based on scales called modes