Music Appreciation Module 3
What are Debussy's contributions to music
Demonstrated that impressionism works ranged from a string quartet to an opera personified the transition from romanticism to twentieth century music
Which are sources and influences heard in the music of Bela Bartok
Eastern European folk music Classic era forms such as symphony and string quartet
By the end of the Romantic period, the orchestra was more than _______ the size of the orchestra Mozart knew
twice
Match each instrument, which has been used in combination with Western instruments in recent classical music, with its classification
- Aerophone - Ocarina - Chordophone - Kora - Membranaphone - tabla - Idiohone - ghatam
Which descriptions are applicable to Jennifer Higdon
- Award-winning American composer - Has a long list of prestigious commissions
Which are Tan Dun's contributions to music?
- Composer of a piano concerto - Composer of film music - Composer of opera
Which are contributions to music by drummer Micky Hart
- Established the Endangered Music Fund - Introduced audiences to percussion instruments from around the world
Which statements about Terry Riley are true?
- Helped launch the Minimalist movement in 1964 - Has collaborated with the Kronos Quartet - Received a commission from NASA
What can be said about the current state of music
- Multicultural - International - Interest in Traditional Music
what are the advantages of having electronic music produced by sound generating equipment
Composers could now control every detail: rhythm, dynamics, pitch organization, timbre, reverberation (echo), and even the way a tone was begun and released (attack and decay) What the composer created was immediately on tape, ready for any listener; no performer was necessary. Synthesizers have become common today. They are greatly reduced in size and operational complexity and are used in the performance of classical, jazz, rock, and commercial music.
What is the essence of serialism
A set of pitches
What does atonality do for a work of music
A systematic alternative to major minor tonality
Who was Aaron Copland
American composer of classical music
Who was Henry Cowell
An influential composer
Which is not a ballet for which Stravinsky composed
Are: The Firebird, Petrushka, The Rite of Spring
Why was atonality and serialism controversial
Atonality and serialism are controversial. Some people think that this music is too cerebral, too complex, and emotionless. Others feel that serial composition is the logical path on which to base future musical developments.
Place each title or description of John Cage's music with its appropriate category
Chance He is well known for a piece whose "instrumentation" was no more than multiple radios set at different places on the dial, including static. He accepted the sounds, whatever they were, as the piece of music. Prepared placing screws and other items inside, touching the strings in ways that affected the sound. Silence No such thing as silence
Listen. Which composer wrote this piece
Gershwin
What award enabled William Grant still to devote more time to classical composition
Guggenheim Fellowship awarded in 1934
How did Ives's music synthesize American classical and vernacular traditions
He used available materials to create something larger, and integrated art and life
Which are facts about the life of Arnold Schoenberg
Lived from 1874-1951 Professor of composition in Berlin in 1925, and Los Angeles After rise of Hitler, he moved to the US and became an American citizen in 1940 First and most important composer of serialism
What is chance music
The compositional process includes random selection of sounds... Chance music is also known as indeterminate music... Due to limited control of the music by the composer...
Which work earned John Adams a Pulitzer Prize
On the Transmigration of Souls
Listen. In what order does the primary sounds and instrumental colors appear in the passage from Zwilich's Symphony No 1?
Percussion, piano, brass, forte, long chhord in brass, descrescendo, lyric melody in strings
Which are titles of compositions by George Gershwin
Rhapsody in blues porgy and bess an american in paris three preludes for piano
Stravinsky is a _________ composer who later immigrated to the United States
Russian
Pierrot Lunaire
Schoenberg's
Which are facts about Bela Bartok's life
Settled in NYC and died in 1945 great Hungarian composers, taught piano at the Budapest Academy of Music for 27 years, 1907-1934, gave recitals throughout Europe professor An intense anti-Nazi, felt compelled to leave Hungary and in 1940 immigrated to the US
Which compositions were written by Igor Stravinsky
The Firebird, Petrushka, and The Rite of Spring The soldier's Tale Symphonies of Wind Instruments Concerto for Piano and Wind Orchestra symphony in three movements
Claude Debussy sought to convey impressionism of images and feelings in his music rather than
to produce literal descriptions
Listen. What is the style of this passage from Debussy
This music does not have a distinct melody and harmony... The music is chromatic, with little sense of tonality or traditional chord progression. Melodies seem to emerge and recede, flowing in and out of the sound fabric, ranging from a light, airy texture to the sonority of the full orchestra.
Match the forms and genres of Bartok's musical compositions with the style descriptions and titles
Tonality - tonal, or modal, Harmony - disonant Rhythm - pounding Piano pedagogy - Mikrokosmos String quartets - 1908-1939 Most popular work - Concerto for Orchestra
Match each aspect of twentith centruy music with its description
Use of instruments - used solo tonality - used of chromaticiam harmony - timbre form - may be free melody - based on unique
Match the information about minimalism in music with the relevant categories
What - minimalism in music seeks Who - important minimalist composers When - minimalism in music emerged Why - to create an alternative to complex serialism
Which are facts about the life of Charles Ives
Worked in insurance born in 1874 composing in isolation
Listen. Who is the composer of this piece
Zwilich
Which are Ruth Crawford's musical contributions
all but composed a symphony for woodwinds using serialism
Which of the following statements describe the musical contributions of Henry Cowell
all but composed over five thousand operas and fugues for percussion
Which are characteristics of music and musical life in the twentieth century
all but composers worked in isolation due to poor communications
Which describe the musical contributions of Ellen Taafe Zwilich
all but has composed little for orchestra, preferring small ensembles
Which instruments are heard in Bela Fleck's setting of Aaron Copland's Hoe Down which was originally for orchestra
all but pipa guitars, drums, saxophones saxophone ensemble A passage with a thin texture with minimal melodic content; solo bass guitar is prominent banjo tabla brass
Which of the following facts are about the life of Amy Cheney Beach
all but studied under Handel and Haydn
Not all twentieth century music is abstract, complex, or challenging
true
On what did Ruth choose to focus her work after she married
american folk music
What is impressionism
an artistic style derived from the philosophy and practice of a group of late nineteenth century French painters, notably Monet and Renoir a style of art based on the philosophy a style of music that was a reaction against intellectual German composers
What are some characteristics that can be found in Stravinsky's opening scene in Le sacre du printemps
asymmetrical dissonant unusual
Bela Fleck is a virtuoso _______ player
banjo
Which are titles of works by Aaron Copland
billy the kid rodeo Appalachian spring fanfare for the common man lincoln portrait
What two elements was Copland interested in merging
classical and vernacular music
Listen. Which characteristics can be heard in the opening passage of this piano prelude by Gershwin
classical form and context but incorporates the syncopated, bluesy sounds of the popular music and jazz of 1920s syncopation, blue notes, ostinato like harmony
Henry Cowell is noted for his use of the tone ______ in his paino music, achieved by depressing a number of adjacent keys with the fist or forearm
cluster
In which forms and genres did Ruth Crawford Seeger create works
distinguished ethnomusicologist, collector of folk songs, American composer vanguard of musical developments, as the serialization of elements other than pitch. first woman to be awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, study in Berlin and Paris composed songs, suites for various instruments, the nine preludes for piano, a well known string quartet and a woodwind quintet suites, preludes, chamber music
Edgard Varese was one of the early composers of _____ music
electronic
What statement apply to Jennifer Higdon's blue cathedral
everything but celebrates the five parts of the ordinary of the cathedral mass
Which descriptions show Terry Riley's minimalist style in "The Oldtimer"
everything but the use of two note motives
What is avant garde music
experimental, varying impacts musical outcome of an experiment is far less significant than the process of the experiment itself compositions are considered more important as musical ideas than as music new approach to composition and musical expression
Composers of twentieth century tend to write within one or two categories in order to focus on creating new developments in those areas
false
Foday Musa Suso, a herditary musician and oral historian known as a ____________, performs on the kora and tama instruments of the Mandingo people of Gambia
griot
What can be said about Amy Beach's music and contributions
had a successful career as a performer and composer, a significant accomplishment in her time. Her Gaelic Symphony was the first symphony by an American woman. She was also the first woman to have her music premiered by the Handel and Haydn Society of Boston and the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Much of her music is recorded and available. compositions for solo piano, in particular, may sound conservative to our contemporary ears. Works such as "By the Still Waters" and "From Grandmother's Garden" incorporate impressionistic sounds and are programmatic. Her instrumental music, including a piano concerto, a string quartet, and a piano quintet, is more innovative and complex.
What's the Kronos Quartet's mission
has devoted itself to pursuing a singular artistic vision with a commitment to expanding the range and context of the conventional string quartet
Claude Debussy's La Mer is a _____ piece
impressionist
Which instrument starts off Michey Hart's Dance of the Hunter's Fire
includes the shekere, djembe, ghatam, cowbell, and congas. The music begins with a driving rhythmic pattern, accompanied by shekere playing a simple beat.
Match each element of music in the left column with its trend in twentieth century music
instrumentation - new instruments rhythm and phrasing - asymmetrical tonality - more than one key at once melody - often jagged
How is Tan Dun's "Desert Capriccio" from Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon a capriccio in the Western sense
is a caprice with delicate sounds in the finger cymbals
What is the technique of minimalism
is to take a musical pattern or idea and repeat it incessantly, creating slow, subtle changes in rhythm, chord movement, or other musical elements the technique represents a way of controlling music other than through serialization, and it also represents a return to tonal music in that the repetition generates clear centers of tonal feeling
what is distinct about the american musical style
it is a melting pot
Which of the following are facts about the career of Branford Marsalis
jazz musician during the 1980s alto saxophone Orpheus Chamber Orchestra Classical orchestral piece musical director of Jay Leno show demonstrated on five classical CDs, including Creation jazz artists during the 1980s with Art Blakey, Clark Terry, his brother Wynton Marcalis, and Herbie Hancock 1985 joined Sting's pop rock group
The _________ is a chordophone with metal strings that produce a delicate, silvery timbre
kora
who were french impressionist painters whose work influenced composers of the time
monet renoir
Which of the following statements best describe music in America
mosaic of musical styles melting pot of music individualism
A political movement that influenced Bartok in his early compositions was
nationalism
Aaron Copland contributed to the development of _______ music
nationalistic
in what style can Ulysses Kay's work be considered
neoclassical
what is neoclassical music
twentieth century music that is derived from classical composers such as Mozart
Which are characteristics of Charles Ives's philosophy of music
one of the most prominent of American nationalistic composers more on texture, color, and rhythm than on melody, harmony or thematic development (1874-1954) was perhaps the first great innovator in twentieth-century American classical music. He was followed by Edgard Varèse and Henry Cowell, composers who also helped shape the mid-twentieth-century avant-garde movement, particularly in America. In the 1950s, the music and writings of Cowell's student John Cage and Varèse's work in the newly developing electronic medium gave impetus to experimentation. all but Ives was influenced by many other European composers
Listen. This excerpt comes from a work in which genres
originally a ballet but is now more frequently heard as a concert piece
The _______ is a lute like, Chinese instrument that is played by plucking
pipa
What might a composer of American nationalistic music use
quote directly from the folk repertoire or compose in a manner that reflects folk rhythms or the moods of this music native american melodies and rhythms
A composer is limited in creativity in totally controlled music where dynamics, notes, tone colors, and other musical elements are
serialized
In what musical genres and styles did Still compose
symphonies chamber music broadway musicals operas
Which were efforts made by Bartok on behalf of Hungarian music
taught piano at the Budapest Academy of Music for 27 years (1907-1934) and gave recitals throughout Europe. An intense anti-Nazi, he felt compelled to leave Hungary and in 1940 immigrated to the United States. He settled in New York City, where he died in 1945. He sought to preserve the folk music of Hungary and to let the world know that Hungary possessed a traditional folk repertoire that included more than Gypsy music all but founded academy of folk music
What does MIDI allow for
technology, software programs now make both computer-generated music and computer-assisted music easy for professionals and amateurs. In addition, sophisticated software programs make the preparation of music scores relatively easy.
Where did the impetus to develop electronic music come from
the development of magnetic tape recording
What sound effects and playing techniques can be heard in Wu Man's Hangzhou Blues: Shanghai Blues
the electric pipa with a wah-wah pedal. ocarina percussion vamp
Describe Schoenber's use of melody
the melodies tend to be predominantly disjunct rather than conjunct and stepwise; the texture is sometimes polyphonic.
Two primitive electronic instruments used by Edgard Varese are
the theremin and ondes martenot
What is meant by tone cluster
three or more adjacent tones sounding simultaneaously
Which are compositions by Charles Ives
three places in new england the unanswered question sonata no 2 (Concord) Symphony No 3
Which statements are about George Gershwin
tin pan alley composer of songs, musicals, and film music, also a composer of jazz oriented classical music most popular and most effective of all american composers composed his preludes for piano to play at his own recital at the hotel roosevelt in NYC