NCOA QUIZ 2
What is guardianship?
A legally enforceable arrangement under which one person, the guardian, has the legal right and duty to care for another, the ward.
Define Law
A system of rules that defines socially acceptable behavior and sets punishments for violations
DNR order (do not resuscitate)
A written order from a physician (sometimes initiated by a patient's advance directive or by a health care proxy's request) that no attempt should be made to revive a patient if he or she suffers cardiac or respiratory arrest.
risk related to cognitive changes?
inability to understand and comply with directions, such as unable to read labels and directions.
Is a Guardianship permanent?
it is temporary
Stage 2 NREM sleep
last about 10 to 20 minutes and body functions continue to slow( relaxation progress
What is the hippocampus?
learning and memory
aging changes include
less water in cells, less elasticity , less subcutaneus fat , less hair,
Stage 1 (REM)of sleep cycle
light level of sleep, last few minutes, person feels that a daydream has occurred when awake with noised
induration
localized hardening of soft tissue
Oral route temperature
most common route use
stage 2 pressure ulcer
partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis, red small crater, painful there is blister
Types of restraints
physical and chemical
what are some technique to improve safety and compliance?
pill organizer, good lighting, no clutter, read and confirm labels, glasses on, daily alarm.
Grannulation tissue
pink, red, moist composed of new blood vessels
Five mechanisms of risk getting a pressure ulcer
pressure, shearing, moisture, nutrition
As the night progresses, what happens to the REM stage of sleep?
rapid eye movement increases and non rapid eye movement period decrease in length
Insomia
recurring problems in falling or staying asleep, treatment such as sleep hygiene, relaxation therapies
RACE stands for what?
rescue, alarm, contain, evacuate
eschar
scab- black brown devitalized tissue
risk related to inadequate knowledge?
sharing med, use of alcohol, over the counter meds.
stage 1 pressure ulcer
skin intact, red, no blanching,
what does steadi stand for
stopping, elderly, accident, death, injuries
percussion
tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
If sleep is interrupted at any time what happens?
the individual goes back to stage one of non rapid eye movement and begins a new cycle.
how does bride den scale work?
the lower the number the higher the risk, the higher the number the lower the risk.
rectal route temp
the most accurate route and the result is as close to core temperature as possible without using more invasive measures.
Define abuse
the physical, mental, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of one person by another
What is geropharmacology?
the study of how older adults respond to medication
Staging
tissue damage from pressure
risk related to sensory changes?
vision changes, unable to read med label, difficulty identifying sizes, shape and color of med
slough
yellow white necrotic tissue
Stage 4 NREM sleep
• Deepest stage of sleep. When muscles are completely relaxed and movement is minimal.last for 15-30min - it i difficult to wake up the person. sleepwalking, sleep talking and night terrors occur.
the largest organ of the body is the
epidermis and dermis
Can a guardian make all decisions for the ward?
extraordinary decisions must be made by a court
What is noncompliance?
failure to act in accordance with a wish or command.
stage 3 pressure ulcer
full thickness tissue loss, potential necrotic tissue, unusual colors, foul smelling, drainage, less painful
Who can be appointed a Guardian or Conservator?
-reasonable person -competent and over 18
stage 4 pressure ulcer
Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle, or tendon, less painful if bone infection is present because dermis layer is damage including nerves
internal risk factors
Internal variables that increase a person's vulnerability to injury.
self-neglect
Involves behaviors committed by the older adult that endanger his or health, safety, and overall well-being.
auscultation
Listening with a stethoscope to sounds within the body
what is pressure ulcer?
Localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear
Intergumentary system
Major organs: skin, hair, sweat glands, nails and sebaceous glands
PASS stands for what?
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
REM sleep
Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.
Define ethics
Set of standards of conduct that guide decisions and actions based on duties derived from core values.
Inspection is:
The process by which ongoing and completed work is examined
Stage 3 NREM sleep
The start of the deepest periods of sleep, and lasts for about 15-30 minutes. vital signs decline but remain regular, muscle are completely relax
What is presleep?
a stage of increased relaxation and drowsiness that typically lasts 10-30 min
What is apnea?
absence of breathing
Palpation
an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts
drugs contributing to sleep disorders?
caffeine, alcohol, diuretics, antidepressants, hormones, antihypertensive
risk factors to sleep problem
chronic respiration, cardiovascular problems, pain, frequent elimination, anxiety, depression
What is non-REM (NREM) sleep?
consist of four to six complete cycles lasting between 1-2 hrs each, each cycle considst of non rapid eye movement and one rapid eye movement
necrotic tissue
dead tissue
Signs of hypothermia
decreased body temperature and respirations, pale and cool skin, hypotension (decreased blood pressure) decreased muscle coordination and urinary output, disorientation, and drowsiness progressing to coma.
external risk factors
environmental hazards people vehicles home environment