Network Basics and Setup & Chapter 8

Peer- to- peer networking

- Every computer on the network is part server and part client - File sharing software uses this approach - How a home network is setup

1 bit =

0 or 1

1 bps =

1 bit per second

1bps*1000 *1000*1000 =

1,000,000,000bps = 1 gigabit per second = 1 Gbps

1bps*1000*1000 =

1,000,000bps = 1 megabit per second = 1 Mbps

1 byte * 1024 * 1024 =

1,048,576 bytes = 1 Megabyte

1 byte * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 =

1,073,741,824 bytes = 1 Gigabyte

1 byte * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 =

1,099,511,627,776 bytes = 1 Terabyte

Three main types of nodes:

1. Peripheral Devices 2. Computers 3. Network Equipment

If you go wireless

1. Security usually is off by default 2. Password Protect Router Change default password of router 3. Turn on wireless encryption and create very long password WEP = Not quite as bad as nothing WPA = Better WPA2 = Best 4. Think about MAC address filtering and other options. Ready wireless router manual

Networks Love Bits and a Factor of ____.

1000

1bps*1000 =

1000bps = 1 kilobit per second = 1 kbps

Up to now we have been using bytes as our main unit of measurement with a factor of ____.

1024

1 byte * 1024 =

1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte

This generation of mobile telecommunications started in the 2000s providing services capable of effective connectivity to the Internet and marked the beginning of smartphones.

3g

Telecommunications in which providers use WiMax and LTE connections to provide faster transmission speeds.

4g

1 bit * 8 =

8 bits = one byte

Home network connection options: wireless

802.11 either b, a, g, n, ac

Protocols

Agree upon way to do things; TCP/IP = Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

Local Area Network =

All the equipment is in the same physical area

Peripheral Devices

Anything on the network that is not a computer or a network device Printer , scanner, etc

The measurement of the width or capacity of a communication channel is known as ______________:

Bandwith

A short-range radio communication standard that transmits data over short distances of up to approximately 30 feet.

Bluetooth

The bandwidth typically used for DSL, cable, and satellite connections to the Internet.

Broadband

Home Network Software

Built into the operating system since everyone wants to network related things with their computer Windows = Control Panels > Network and Internet Macintosh = Apple menu > System Preferences > Network

A high-frequency transmission cable that delivers television signals as well as connects computers in a network.

Coaxial

Electronic systems that transmit data from one location to another.

Communication systems

Servers

Computers on the network dedicated to running some part of the network

Workstation ( Client ) =

Computers that are part of the network that are not servers

The concept related to using computer networks to link people and resources.

Connectivity

What is a network?

Devices connected together so that they can exchange information

A specialized server that manages resources, such as user accounts, for an entire network.

Directory Server

Hub

Dumb device that takes a message in one port and sends a copy out of all other ports

Ethernet cables

Fast ethernet 10Mbps/100Mbps Gigabit ethernet 10Mbps/100Mbps/1000Mbps

Security hardware and software that control access to a company's intranet and other internal networks is called a(n):

Firewall

Fat client =

Fully equipped computer that can function without the network

Home Network Protocols

Handled by the networking software

Thin client =

Has some computer parts such as processor and RAM but is missing others such as a hard drive. Cannot function without using the network.

Typically using Wi-Fi technology, these wireless access points are available from public places such as coffee shops, libraries, bookstores, colleges, and universities.

Hotspots

Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called a(n):

IP Address

Network Software

Instructions to move information between devices; Standalone software or built into most operating systems

A private network within an organization that resembles the Internet.

Intranet

Dumb client =

Just a screen and a keyboard. All functions done by a computer somewhere else on the network

Networks with nodes that are in close physical proximity, usually less than a mile.

LAN

What do you have when you have setup your home network?

LAN

Metropolitan Area Network =

LAN's hooked together in the same city

A NIC has a ____

MAC address

This type of network spans up to 100 miles and is often used to connect office buildings that are located throughout a city.

MAN

What do you have when you hookup some LAN's in the same city?

MAN

A NIC has a MAC address:

Media Access Control address

This wireless technology is sometimes referred to as line-of-sight communication because the light waves can only travel in a straight line.

Microwave

Uses high-frequency radio waves.

Microwave

The name of the process of converting from digital to analog.

Modulation

Sometimes referred to as a LAN adapter, these expansion cards connect a computer to a network.

NIC

To have a connection you need a ___.

NIC

Operating systems that control and coordinate the activities of all computers and other devices on a network.

NOS

A network needs 3 things

Netowork Software, Protocols, Connection

A computer specialist responsible for efficient network operations and implementation of new networks.

Network Administrator

A device that allows one LAN to be linked to other LANs or to larger networks.

Network Gateway

NIC =

Network Interface Card

Any device that is connected to a network.

Node

In this network, nodes have equal authority and can act as both clients and servers.

Peer-to-peer

Rules for exchanging data between computers.

Protocols

Switch

Smart device that takes a message in one port and only sends it out the port that is connected to the device that is suppose to get the message

Router

Smart device that takes a message in one port and only sends it out the port that is connected to the device that is suppose to get the message. It also allows information to travel between two different networks

The network topology in which each device is connected directly to a central network switch.

Star

Central node that coordinates the flow of data by sending messages directly between sender and receiver nodes.

Switch

A widely used Internet protocol.

TCP/ IP

The standard protocol for the Internet is____.

TCP/IP

Bus, ring, star, tree, and mesh are types of network:

Topologies

The speed with which a modem transmits data is called its:

Transfer Rate

TCP/IP =

Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol; About 100 protocols; Example = http = Hyper Text Transfer Protocol to move web pages around in an agreed upon way

This network, also known as a hierarchical network, is often used to share corporate-wide data.

Tree

Media Access Control address

Unique address for each item on a network; Can be found in System Information under Network Adapter

What do you have when you hookup some LAN's in different cities?

WAN

A wireless local area network is typically referred to as _______.

WLAN

Connection

Way to move information between devices; Wired or Wireless

Most home or business wireless networks are based on this technology, which uses high-frequency radio signals.

Wi-Fi

The range of Wi-Fi networks is being extended over greater distances using microwave connections.

WiMax

Usually a small plug-in USB or ExpressCard device that provides very portable high-speed connectivity from virtually anywhere.

Wireless modem

Signals that are continuous electronic waves.

analog

Movement is measured in

bits per second (bps)

Type of network topology in which each device is connected to a common cable called a backbone.

bus

For instance storage measured in ____.

bytes

A node that requests and uses resources available from other nodes.

client

Since everyone wants their computer to be able to _______ with everyone else's computer we all want to use the same protocols

communicate

A NIC allows a device like a computer, printer, scanner, etc, to ____ __ __ _____.

connect to a network

Printer server =

controls print jobs from the network heading to networked printers

Types of workstation (or clients)

dumb client, thin client, fat client

Home network connection options: wired

ethernet cables, power nine networking (electrical system) , phone line networking (phone system)

Email server =

handles email accounts and emails on a network

bps =

how may bits go by a point in one second, also called data transmission rate

Work with firewalls to protect an organization's

intrusion detection system

Everything on a network is called a

node

There is a new network approach

peer- to- peer networking

Each device on the wireless network needs a wireless NIC card to ______ _____ _____ ______.

receive and send signals.

Computers on a network fall into two categories:

servers and workstation

File server =

serves files to other computers on the network

Web server =

serves web pages to other computers on the network

A ____ ____ radios the information to devices on the network.

wireless router