NRS 3015 Chapter 33 Prep U

Which term refers to an incomplete antigen? A. Hapten B. Allergen C. Antigen D. Antibody

A. Hapten

Which body substance causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle? A. Histamine B. Bradykinin C. Serotonin D. Prostaglandin

A. Histamine

A client is prescribed an oral corticosteroid for 2 weeks to relieve asthma symptoms. The nurse educates the client about side effects, which include A. adrenal suppression. B. diuresis. C. hypoglycemia. D. hypotension.

A. adrenal suppression.

The nurse is caring for a client with myasthenia gravis. The nurse generates a plan of care for the client based on which type of hypersensitivity reaction? A. Anaphylactic B. Cytotoxic C. Delayed D. Immune complex

B. Cytotoxic

The nurse working in an allergy clinic is preparing to administer skin testing to a client. Which route is the safest for the nurse to use to administer the solution? A. Intramuscular B. Intradermal C. Subcutaneous D. Intravenous

B. Intradermal

A patient received epinephrine in response to an anaphylactic reaction at 10:00 AM. The nurse knows to observe the patient for a "rebound" reaction that may occur as early as: A. 2:00 PM. B. 4:00 PM. C. 6:00 PM. D. 10:00 PM.

A. 2:00 PM.

The nurse is interviewing a client being admitted to the hospital and inquires about any allergies the client has. The client states being allergic to aspirin and penicillin. What intervention should the nurse provide immediately to prevent complications related to allergies? A. Apply an allergy bracelet and flag the chart. B. Tape an EpiPen to the head of the bed. C. Inform the client not to take any medications with those substances in them. D. Call the physician.

A. Apply an allergy bracelet and flag the chart.

The nurse is teaching a client after a medication allergic reaction has occurred. What is the most important action for the nurse to teach the client to take to prevent anaphylaxis? A. Avoid potential allergens. B. Undergo desensitization treatment. C. Carry an emergency kit. D. Wear a medical alert bracelet.

A. Avoid potential allergens.

A client presents to the clinic with reports of itching and hives after taking an aspirin this morning. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering that blocks histamine receptors? A. Diphenhydramine B. Flunisolide C. Beclomethasone dipropionate D. Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride

A. Diphenhydramine

The nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has an affinity for H1 receptors. Which medication would the nurse administer? A. Diphenhydramine B. Omeprazole C. Cimetidine D. Nizatidine

A. Diphenhydramine

When assessing the skin of a client with allergic contact dermatitis, the nurse would most likely expect to find irritation at which area? A. Dorsal aspect of the hand B. Lower arms C. Ankles D. Plantar aspects of the feet

A. Dorsal aspect of the hand

A patient is experiencing an allergic reaction to a dose of penicillin. What should the nurse look for in the patient's initial assessment? A. Dyspnea, bronchospasm, and/or laryngeal edema. B. Hypotension and tachycardia C. The presence and location of pruritus D. The severity of cutaneous warmth and flushing

A. Dyspnea, bronchospasm, and/or laryngeal edema.

A patient with a history of allergies comes to the clinic for an evaluation. The following laboratory test findings are recorded in a patient's medical record:Total serum IgE levels: 2.8 mg/mLWhite blood cell count: 5,100/cu mmEosinophil count: 4%Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 20 mm/hThe nurse identifies which result as suggesting an allergic reaction? A. Serum IgE level B. White blood cell count C. Eosinophil count D. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A. Serum IgE level

The nurse is working with a colleague who has a delayed hypersensitivity (type IV) allergic reaction to latex. Which statement describes the clinical manifestations of this reaction? A. Symptoms are localized to the area of exposure, usually the back of the hands. B .Symptoms can be eliminated by changing glove brands. C. Symptoms worsen when hand lotion is applied before donning latex gloves. D. Symptoms occur within minutes after exposure to latex.

A. Symptoms are localized to the area of exposure, usually the back of the hands.

The nurse is conducting a community education program on allergies and anaphylactic reactions. The nurse determines that the participants understand the education when they make which statement about anaphylaxis? A. The most common cause of anaphylaxis is penicillin. B. Anaphylactoid (anaphylaxis-like) reactions are commonly fatal. C. The most common food item that causes anaphylaxis is chocolate. D. Systemic reactions include urticaria and angioedema.

A. The most common cause of anaphylaxis is penicillin.

A client reports to a health care provider's office for intradermal allergy testing. Before testing, the nurse provides client teaching. Which client statement indicates a need for further education? A. "I may experience itching and irritation at the site of the testing." B. "If I notice tingling in my lips or mouth, gargling may help the symptoms." C. "I'll go directly to the pharmacy with my EpiPen prescription." D. "The test may be mildly uncomfortable."

B. "If I notice tingling in my lips or mouth, gargling may help the symptoms."

A client presents at the clinic with an allergic disorder. The client asks the nurse what an "allergic disorder" means. What would be the nurse's best response? A. "It means you are very sensitive to something inside of yourself." B. "It is a hyperimmune response to something in the environment that is usually harmless." C. "It is a muted response to something in the environment." D. "It is a harmless reaction to something in the environment."

B. "It is a hyperimmune response to something in the environment that is usually harmless."

A client has been having joint pain and swelling in the left foot and is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. The symptoms began suddenly without any identifiable cause, and the client has significant joint destruction. What type of disease is this considered? A. An exacerbation of a previous disorder B. Autoimmune C. An alloimmunity disorder D. A cause-and-effect relationship

B. Autoimmune

A client calls the clinic and asks the nurse if using oxymetazoline nasal spray would be all right to relieve the nasal congestion the client is experiencing due to seasonal allergies. What instructions should the nurse provide to the client to avoid complications? A. Report white patches in the mouth because the medication can cause a fungal infection. B. Do not overuse the medication as rebound congestion can occur. C. Taper the dose when discontinuing the medication. D. Do not operate machinery or drive while using the medication.

B. Do not overuse the medication as rebound congestion can occur.

A client with Crohn's disease, an autoimmune disorder, informs the nurse about not having any symptoms of the disease in 8 months. What does the nurse understand this asymptomatic period is referred to? A. An exacerbation B. Remission C. A cure D. An acute inflammatory response

B. Remission

A client has been hospitalized for diagnostic testing. The client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which the physician explains is an autoimmune disorder. How would the nurse explain an autoimmune disease to the client? A. A disorder where the body has too many immunoglobulins. B. A disorder where histocompatible cells attack the immunoglobulins. C. A disorder where killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self." D. A disorder where the body does not have enough immunoglobulins.

C. A disorder where killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self."

A client visits the employee health department because of mild itching and a rash on both hands. What will the employee health nurse focus on during the assessment interview? A. medication allergies B. life stressors the nurse may be experiencing C. chemical and latex glove use D. laundry detergent or bath soap changes

C. chemical and latex glove use

A client with an allergic disorder is in treatment for their disorder. What might their treatment be? A. Autoimmune therapy B. Hypersensitive therapy C. Resensitization therapy D. Drug therapy

D. Drug therapy

A client with lupus has had antineoplastic drugs prescribed. Why would the physician prescribe antineoplastic drugs for an autoimmune disorder? A. To decrease the body's risk of infection B. Because an autoimmune disease is a neoplastic disease C. So the client has strong drug therapy D. For their immunosuppressant effects

D. For their immunosuppressant effects

A client has had a "stuffy nose" and obtained an oxymetazoline nasal spray. What education should the nurse provide to the client in order to prevent "rebound congestion"? A. Be sure to use the nasal spray for at least 10 days to ensure the stuffiness is gone. B. Use the medication every 4 hours to prevent congestion from recurring. C. Drink plenty of fluids. D. Only use the nasal spray for 3 to 4 days once every 12 hours.

D. Only use the nasal spray for 3 to 4 days once every 12 hours.

Which intervention is the single most important aspect for the client at risk for anaphylaxis? A. Use of antihistamines B. Desensitization C. Wearing a medical alert bracelet D. Prevention

D. Prevention

A patient asks the nurse if it would be all right to take an over-the-counter antihistamine for the treatment of a rash. What should the nurse educate the patient is a major side effect of antihistamines? A. Diarrhea B. Anorexia C. Palpitations D. Sedation

D. Sedation

The nurse observes diffuse swelling involving the deeper skin layers in a client who has experienced an allergic reaction. The nurse would correctly document this finding as A. urticaria. B. contact dermatitis. C. pitting edema. D. angioneurotic edema.

D. angioneurotic edema.

After teaching a client with allergic rhinitis about loratadine, the nurse determines that the client needs additional instruction when the client makes which statement? A. "I have to be careful because this drug will make me fairly sleepy." B. "I should take the drug on an empty stomach, about an hour before I eat." C. "I can use sugarless lozenges if my mouth gets dry." D. "I need to avoid drinking any alcohol while I'm taking this drug."

A. "I have to be careful because this drug will make me fairly sleepy."

The nurse tells the client that if exposure to an allergen occurs around 8:00 AM, then the client should expect a mild or moderate reaction by what time? A. 10:00 AM B. 11:00 AM C. 1:00 PM D. 3:00 PM

A. 10:00 AM

The nurse is completing the intake assessment of a client new to the allergy clinic. The client states reports taking nose drops six times a day to relieve nasal congestion. The nasal congestion increased, causing the client to increase his usage of the nasal spray to eight times a day. But again the congestion worsened. The nurse communicates to the health care provider that the client is experiencing which condition? A. Rhinitis medicamentosa B. Tolerance to nose drops C. Leukotriene modifier D. Atopic dermatitis

A. Rhinitis medicamentosa

The nurse is teaching a client about contact dermatitis. What type of contact dermatitis requires light exposure in addition to allergen contact? A. photoallergic B. phototoxic C. irritant D.allergic

A. photoallergic

The nurse is teaching a client how to self-administer epinephrine using an EpiPen autoinjector. What information should be included in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Grasp the EpiPen autoinjector pointing upward. B. Jab the EpiPen autoinjector firmly into the outer thigh. C. The needle should be at a 30 degree angle. D. The buttocks can be used as an injection site. E. After administering the injection, massage the area for 10 seconds. F. Hold the EpiPen autoinjector against the thigh for 10 seconds.

B, E,F

A nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client with atopic dermatitis. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Wear only synthetic fabrics. B. Use a topical skin moisturizer daily. C. Bathe only three times per week. D. Keep the thermostat above 75° F (23.9° C).

B. Use a topical skin moisturizer daily.

The nurse explains to a client that immunotherapy initially starts with injections at which interval? A. Daily B. Weekly C. Bi-monthly D. Monthly

B. Weekly

The nurse is reviewing various medications with a client that can be used to treat allergic disorders. What medication will the nurse identify as an intranasal corticosteroid? A. cromolyn sodium B. fluticasone C. zileuton D. fexofenadine

B. fluticasone

A patient was seen in the clinic 3 days previously for allergic rhinitis and was given a prescription for a corticosteroid nasal spray. The patient calls the clinic and tells the nurse that the nasal spray is not working. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "You need to come back to the clinic to get a different medication since this one is not working for you." B ."You may be immune to the effects of this medication and will need something else in its place." C. "The full benefit of the medication may take up to 2 weeks to be achieved." D. "I am sorry that you are feeling poorly but this is the only medication that will work for your problem."

C. "The full benefit of the medication may take up to 2 weeks to be achieved."

A nurse comes to the employee health center for evaluation and is diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis related to latex. What manifestation would the nurse most likely exhibit? A. Laryngeal edema B. Rhinitis C. Blistering D. Angioedema

C. Blistering

A nurse is working in a dermatology clinic with clients who have allergies. What is the most important chemical mediator involved in the allergic response? A. serotonin B. leukotrienes C. histamine D. prostaglandins

C. histamine

The nurse is caring for a client exposed to peanuts with a known allergy. What assessment is considered the most serious manifestation of angioneurotic edema? A. abdominal pain B. conjunctivitis C. laryngeal swelling D. urticaria

C. laryngeal swelling

A client is presenting an anaphylactic response to unknowingly ingesting nuts at a family celebration. What type of hypersensitivity did this client exhibit? A. type I B. type II C. type III D. type IV

A. type I

An infant is born to a mother who had no prenatal care during her pregnancy. What type of hypersensitivity reaction does the nurse understand may have occurred? A. Bacterial endocarditis B. Rh-hemolytic disease C. Lupus erythematosus D. Rheumatoid arthritis

B. Rh-hemolytic disease

Which is a primary chemical mediator of hypersensitivity? A. Serotonin B. Bradykinin C. Histamine D. Heparin

C. Histamine

The nurse is teaching a group of health care workers about latex allergies. What reaction will the nurse teach the workers to be most concerned about with laryngeal edema? A. irritant contact B. allergic contact C. IgE-mediated hypersensitivity D. IgG antibodies

C. IgE-mediated hypersensitivity

What is the most common cause of anaphylaxis? A. Opioids B. NSAIDs C. Penicillin D. Radiocontrast agent

C. Penicillin

The client asks the nurse how to determine a cause for rhinitis. What diagnostic test will the nurse explain to the client that will identify the cause of rhinitis? A. intradermal skin test B. radioallergosorbent test C. total serum IgE test D. peripheral blood count

C. total serum IgE test