NSCI 301 Exam 1

What does the Na+/K+ ATPase pump?

3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in

What part of a neuron sends information to other neurons?

Axons

Which ion is essential for neurotransmitter release at a synapse?

Ca2+

What makes the lipid bilayer membrane permeable?

Channels and pumps

What are IPSPs usually due to?

Cl- currents from GABA binding

GABA receptors are selective for:

Cl- ions

What is it called when the net driving force for a given ion is zero?

Equilibrium potential

The further an AP gets from the site of stimulation, the smaller the AP gets. True or False

False

Metabotropic receptors are:

G protein-coupled receptors, slow

When a neuron is at rest, is resistance across the membrane high or low

High

How does myelin propagate an AP?

Increased capacitance (ability to store charge)

What tends to happen when neurotransmitter is released into a synapse?

It binds to a receptor on the postsynaptic membrane.

Which ion is responsible for the repolarizing phase of an action potential?

K+ (flows out)

Which ions / molecules are concentrated inside of the cell at rest?

K+, proteins

What is the membrane of a neuron composed of?

Lipid bilayer

Which ion is responsible for the depolarizing phase of an action potential?

Na+ (flows in)

What are EPSPs usually due to?

Na+ currents from glutamate binding

Which ions / molecules are concentrated outside of the cell at rest?

Na+, Cl-

At rest, the inside of a cell is ____ while the outside of the cell is ____ .

Negative, positive.

What is contained within synaptic vesicles?

Neurotransmitters

What can be found in the neuron's cell body?

Organelles

What is responsible for maintaining a cell's resting potential?

The Na+/K+ pump

Spatial summation refers to excitatory input from multiple neurons on one postsynaptic neuron. True or False?

True

Temporal summation refers to excitatory input from one neuron multiple times in a brief period of time

True

What is Ohm's Law?

V=IR I=V/R R=V/I

When a cell is at rest, Na+ has a high ___ and a low ___.

Voltage, current

What is the refractory period of a neuron?

Voltage-gated Na+ channels are closed, cannot refire.

When a membrane reaches threshold, what occurs?

Voltage-gated Na+ channels open

What is myelin?

a mixture of proteins and phospholipids forming a whitish insulating sheath around many nerve fibers, increasing the speed at which impulses are conducted.

Which part of a neuron receives information from other neurons?

dendrites

Cl- entering the cell would:

hyperpolarize the cell

Ionotropic receptors are:

ligand-gated ion channels; fast