NUR 1023 Module 1 and 2 Exam Review

Ego Integrity vs Despair

55 yr and beyond Person reviews life events and accepts the finality of death. Achieve a sense of fulfillment over life's accomplishments.

Industry vs Inferiority

6 to 12 yr Child refines skills acquired previously and develops a peer social network that exerts great influence on him or her. Develop a sense of self-worth based on accomplishments while avoiding feelings of failure.

Concrete Operational Stage

6/7 to 11 children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events Children are able to arrange things in a logical order. * Understanding of reversibility or awareness that actions can be reversed.

Which order would the nurse follow while applying personal protective equipment? Wash hands. -Don gown. -Put on gloves. -Put on mask. -Put on eyewear.

Wash hands. Don gown. Put on mask. Put on eyewear. Put on gloves.

Three modes of transmission of HIV infection

infected blood injection, sexual contact, maternal-fetal transmission

Penicillins

introduced in WWII. Derived from a fungus/mold. Can be both bacteriostatic or 'cidal depending on the dosage. This is the classification that produces the most allergic reactions.

o.s.

left eye, occular sinistra

Prime users of NSAIDS

older adults

Cardinal signs of inflammation

redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function

Acute Infection

resolving in a few days or weeks; lasts no more than 6 months.

o.d.

right eye

6 rights of medication administration

right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right documentation

The client had the following intake and output during your shift: 0700 - 10 ounces of tea; 10 mL IV flush 0900 - 9 ounces of bran flakes with half-cup milk; 6 ounces of apple juice 0900-1000 100 mL/hour normal saline 1000 - 12 ounces of ginger ale 1100 - 1 dinner roll; 1 house salad; 5 ounces of flounder; 9 ounces of tea 1200 - 5 ounces of coffee with 1 ounce creamer; Emesis 50 mL; 1800 mL urine 1200-1300 50 mL/hour normal saline Calc input in mL

(-280) mL

The patient tells the nurse, "It feels like medications get stuck in my throat." Which suggestion would the nurse offer to the patient? Select all that apply. -"Use an alternate route." -"Drink fluids after swallowing." -"Take a smaller dose of the medication." -"Crush certain medicines and add them to pudding." -"Eat a small amount of soft food after swallowing medication."

-"Drink fluids after swallowing." -"Crush certain medicines and add them to pudding." -"Eat a small amount of soft food after swallowing medication."

Which statement from the parent of a 6-month-old indicates the need for further teaching? -"I can start giving her whole milk at about 12 months." -"I can continue to breast-feed for another 6 months." -"I've started giving her plenty of fruit juice as a way to increase her vitamin intake." -"I can start giving her solid food now."

-"I've started giving her plenty of fruit juice as a way to increase her vitamin intake." Breast milk or formula is recommended at this time; fruit juice is not considered a nutritive addition. Ideally, infants need only their mother's breast milk for nutrition for the first 6 months of life, and mothers may continue to breast-feed long after this point. Whole milk should not be introduced until after the child is 1 year of age. Gradual introduction of solid foods usually begins somewhere between 4 and 6 months of life.

Which statement by the patient indicates a struggle with Erikson's developmental stage of integrity versus despair? Select all that apply. -"My life is a failure." -"I have so many regrets in life." -"My children's needs are less important than my own." -"I wish I had an intimate relationship with another person." -"I am always very concerned about how I look."

-"My life is a failure." -"I have so many regrets in life."

Which instructions would the nurse give to a parent of a preschooler who reports, "Whenever I turn off the television, my child kicks the sofa, hurts himself, and does not show any interest in eating"? Select all that apply. -"Watch television programs along with your child." -"Limit the child's exposure to television to 1 to 2 hours per day." -"Provide feedback about the child's aggressive behavior." -"Encourage the child to participate in creative play or hobbies." -"Punish the child for showing negative and aggressive behavior."

-"Watch television programs along with your child." -"Limit the child's exposure to television to 1 to 2 hours per day." -"Encourage the child to participate in creative play or hobbies."

Which milestones are true about development in infants? Select all that apply. -12 months - Gets to sitting position without assistance -4 to 6 months - Crawls on hands and knees -Birth to 1 month - Complete head lag persists -2 to 4 months - Can move from sitting to kneeling position -7 months - Sits with support and then without it

-12 months - Gets to sitting position without assistance -Birth to 1 month - Complete head lag persists -7 months - Sits with support and then without it Infants have a gradual development of gross and fine motor skills. By 12 months, the infant gets to the sitting position without assistance. Head lag persists from birth until 1 year. By 7 months, the infant can sit with support and then without it. The infant crawls forward on the belly using arms and legs to push at 12 months, not 4 to 6 months. The infant cannot move from a sitting to kneeling position at 2 to 4 months.

Which of the following patients is at higher risk for inflammatory reactions? 2-year-old girl with a healthy diet 38-year-old man who is obese 54-year-old woman in menopause 79-year-old man with diabetes

-79-year-old man with diabetes The 79-year-old man is at highest risk for inflammatory reactions among these patients for two reasons, his age and having diabetes. The risk would be high during the first year of life, but this 2-year-old girl has gotten beyond this risk period and she also has the positive factor of a healthy diet.

Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for contracting a primary bacterial infection? -A patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus -A patient whose lab results reveal leukopenia -A patient receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics -A patient following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

-A patient whose lab results reveal leukopenia The patient with a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukopenia) is at greatest risk for contracting a primary infection because of a weakened primary defense system. A patient with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is at greater risk for infection than a patient who does not have the disease but does not have the greatest risk of the four patients described.

The inflammatory process is an anticipated response to tissue injury that produces which desirable outcomes? (Select all that apply.) -Initial death of tissues -Eradication of dead tissue -Formation of scar tissue -Acute inflammation -Chronic inflammation

-Acute inflammation -Eradication of dead tissue The formation of scar tissue occurs when damaged cells cannot be adequately repaired. This is not the most desirable outcome. Chronic inflammation results when tissue destruction continues and is not a desirable outcome. Initial death of tissue leads to death of the host, a very undesirable outcome.

Select all the organs from the following list that are part of the immune system. -Adenoids -Appendix -Bone marrow -Gallbladder -Liver -Thyroid gland

-Adenoids -Appendix -Bone marrow

A patient who underwent a hysterectomy 10 days ago comes for a follow-up visit. The patient experiences pain and itching at the incision site. After assessment, the health care provider suspects the incision site is infected. Which interventions would help control infection? Select all that apply. -Reduce water intake. -Administer antibiotics. -Administer anxiolytics. -Provide adequate nutrition. -Monitor response to drug therapy.

-Administer antibiotics. -Provide adequate nutrition. -Monitor response to drug therapy.

4 Classifications of medications used to treat the symptoms associated with the common cold, allergic rhinitis, or sinusitis

-Antihistamines -Nasal and systemic decongestants -Antitussives -Expectorants

The nurse is participating in an immunization awareness program in the community. Which government website should the nurse recommend as the best source of immunization information for parents -National Institutes of Health (NIH) -Centers for Disease Control (CDC) -Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) -U.S Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)

-Centers for Disease Control (CDC) The NIH promotes biomedical research under the U.S. DHHS. These organizations are primarily responsible for biomedical and human-related research. An HMO provides guidance for the management of health care, insurance, and self-health care benefit plans. It acts as a liaison with health care providers (hospitals, health care settings, individual practices). The U.S. DHHS provides links to health screening and disease prevention sites.

The nurse is attending to a patient who has a pressure ulcer that needs a dressing change. Which actions would the nurse perform to ensure preparation of a sterile field? Select all that apply. -Choose a clean, dry work surface above waist level. -Remove bracelets, rings, and watches. -Perform hand hygiene before handling equipment. -Hold inner edge of flap when opening the dressing kit. -Check labels and condition of supply packaging and equipment.

-Choose a clean, dry work surface above waist level. -Remove bracelets, rings, and watches. -Perform hand hygiene before handling equipment. -Check labels and condition of supply packaging and equipment.

Acquisition of which skill is representative of adaptive development? -Drawing with chalk on a blackboard -Smiling in response to being stroked on the cheek -Cooperating with playmates in picking up toys -Crossing the street safely

-Crossing the street safely Being able to cross the street safely is an example of adaptive development, which is defined as the acquisition of skills that enable independence at home and in the community

The nurse is reviewing a medication prescription for a patient. Which components make up a medication prescription? Select all that apply. -Dose and frequency -Specific nurse in charge -Route of administration -Signature of the person writing the prescription -Chemical name of medication

-Dose and frequency -Route of administration -Signature of the person writing the prescription A medication order from any health care setting must have several components to be a legally valid medication prescription: patient's name, the date and time the prescription was written, the name of the drug to be administered, the dosage of the drug, the route of drug administration, the frequency of drug administration, and the signature of the person writing the prescription

Which developmental activities are observed in Erikson's intimacy versus isolation stage? Select all that apply. -Expansion of one's social involvement -Establishment of intimate relationships -Reflection on past accomplishments -Search for meaningful friendships -Marked preoccupation with appearance

-Establishment of intimate relationships -Search for meaningful friendships

A nurse is assessing a group of patients in a health screening program. A patient has an abscess under the right arm. The nurse suspects the possibility of a systemic infection. Which signs and symptoms may indicate a systemic infection? Select all that apply. -Increased appetite -Fatigue and malaise -Enlarged lymph nodes -Increased blood pressure -Elevated body temperature

-Fatigue and malaise -Enlarged lymph nodes -Elevated body temperature

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patients have diseases from blood-borne pathogens? Select all that apply. -Female with hepatitis B -Male with hepatitis C -Female with Clostridium difficile -Male with human immunodeficiency virus -Female with vancomycin-resistant enterococci

-Female with hepatitis B -Male with hepatitis C -Male with human immunodeficiency virus

Which health model should the nurse follow to determine a patient's readiness and motivation to make changes? -Health Belief Model (HBM) -Holistic Health Model (HHM) -Health Promotion Model (HPM) -Basic Human Needs Model (BHNM)

-Health Belief Model (HBM) The HBM explores the relationship between health behavior and factors that affect it, such as the patient's attitudes and beliefs. While preparing a nursing care plan, a nurse should determine a patient's readiness and motivation using HBM.

Which assessment finding would the nurse anticipate in a 4-month-old infant? -Holds a rattle -Waves bye-bye -Sits with support -Crawls forward

-Holds a rattle The nurse assesses developmental milestones in an infant during each clinic visit. At 4 to 6 months of age, the infant is able to hold a rattle, which indicates normal development of the infant's gross and fine motor skills. At 9 to 12 months of age, the infant is able to wave "bye-bye." At 6 to 7 months of age, the infant is able to sit with support. At 12 months of age, the infant is able to sit without support and crawl forward on his or her belly using the arms and legs to push.

An elderly obese patient who has undergone total hip replacement surgery has been prescribed low-molecular-weight heparin enoxaparin. Which technique is considered proper when administering enoxaparin? Select all that apply. -Expel air bubble from the prefilled syringe. -Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle. -Administer the injection subcutaneously. -Pinch the injection site as the needle is inserted. -Use the right or left side of the abdomen at least 2 inches from the umbilicus.

-Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle. -Administer the injection subcutaneously. -Pinch the injection site as the needle is inserted. -Use the right or left side of the abdomen at least 2 inches from the umbilicus.

A diabetic patient has been changed from oral antidiabetic drugs to insulin. Which information would help the patient ensure correct self-administration of insulin? Select all that apply. -Insulin is given as a subcutaneous injection. -The insulin is absorbed more quickly when injected in the abdomen. -The site of injection should be changed monthly. -Once a site is chosen for injection, the same site should be used for further injections. -The recommended sites of injection include the upper arm, thigh, abdomen, and buttocks.

-Insulin is given as a subcutaneous injection. -The insulin is absorbed more quickly when injected in the abdomen. -The recommended sites of injection include the upper arm, thigh, abdomen, and buttocks.

Which cognitive and learning skills can a nurse observe in a preschool child while playing? Select all that apply. -Curiosity -Magical thinking -Reflexive actions -Symbolic thinking -Vivid imaginations

-Magical thinking -Symbolic thinking -Vivid imaginations

A patient who has undergone total hip replacement surgery has been prescribed low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin. Which complications of subcutaneous injections should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply. -Phlebitis -Pain -Hypertrophy of the skin -Sterile abscess

-Pain -Hypertrophy of the skin -Sterile abscess

Which processes are essential for development of an infection? (Select all that apply) -Portal of entry -Host -Reservoir -Microbe -Portal of exit -Transmission mode

-Portal of entry -Reservoir -Portal of exit -Transmission mode

A nurse is explaining to a patient about the side effects of a prescribed drug. Which statements related to side effects are applicable? Select all that apply. -Predictable -Often unavoidable -Occur after prolonged intake -Occur at usual therapeutic dose -Caused by defective drug excretion

-Predictable -Often unavoidable -Occur at usual therapeutic dose

When preparing a 4-year-old child for a procedure, which method is most developmentally appropriate for the nurse to use? -Allowing the child to watch another child undergoing the same procedure -Showing the child pictures of what he or she will experience -Talking to the child in simple terms about what will happen -Preparing the child through play with a doll and toy medical equipment

-Preparing the child through play with a doll and toy medical equipment

Which changes are considered indicators of puberty and the development of secondary sexual characteristics among girls? Select all that apply. -Increase in height -Pubic hair growth -Increase in weight -Breast development -First menstrual period

-Pubic hair growth -Breast development -First menstrual period Adolescents do experience a growth spurt characterized by an increase in weight and height; however, this adolescent growth spurt is not an indicator of puberty or a secondary sexual characteristic

Which newly acquired skill would the nurse expect to be present in the 15-month-old child? Select all that apply. -Pedaling a tricycle -Scribbling with crayons -Pulling to stand and walk -Hopping or jumping forward -Standing briefly with support and cruising along furniture

-Scribbling with crayons -Pulling to stand and walk -Standing briefly with support and cruising along furniture

Which psychosocial changes are seen in the 2-year-old toddler, according to the theory of Erikson? Select all that apply. -Solitary play -Temper tantrums -Attachment to strangers -Attachment to the mother -Arrogant and violent behavior

-Solitary play -Temper tantrums -Attachment to the mother

Which nursing interventions would promote the psychosocial development of a child who is able to walk slowly and speak simple words, feels inadequate, and has self-doubt? Select all that apply. -Instruct the parents to refrain from repeating phrases. -Teach the parents to step aside while their child plays. -Permit the child to engage in activities independently. -Instruct the parents to ignore the child's behavior. -Encourage the parents to provide safety and security.

-Teach the parents to step aside while their child plays. -Permit the child to engage in activities independently. -Encourage the parents to provide safety and security.

The nurse is screening a patient who is at risk for cardiovascular disease. Which interventions should the nurse implement to motivate the patient toward disease prevention and illness control using the Health Belief Model? Select all that apply. -The nurse specifies the possible consequences of developing the illness. -The nurse recommends an immediate intervention and lifestyle change. -The nurse provides guidance in adopting necessary healing interventions. -The nurse assesses the risk for illness based on the patient's behavior. -The nurse helps the patient develop an accurate perception of illness.

-The nurse assesses the risk for illness based on the patient's behavior. -The nurse helps the patient develop an accurate perception of illness.

The nurse is caring for an asthmatic patient who is on inhaled steroids. Which rationale explains why the patient is instructed by the nurse to rinse the mouth and perform oral hygiene after each dose? Select all that apply. -To prevent nausea -To prevent bronchodilation -To prevent dryness of the mouth -To prevent oral fungal infections -To prevent irritation in the oral mucosa

-To prevent oral fungal infections -To prevent irritation in the oral mucosa

Antifungal drug groups

-polyenes (nystatin) -azoles (Diflucan/fluconazole) -antimetabolic (flucytosine) -antiprotozoals (Mepron - common for AIDS pts) -echinocandins

Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget) with Milestones

0-2. Sensations and perceptions. Master object permanence. Emphasis on the senses: touch, vision, motor (sucking and grasping) Milestones: Controlled Reflexes Trial and error behaviors Planned behaviors Object permanence Stranger anxiety Begins to experiment and explore creativity

Report to nearest hundredth: 0.4657

0.47

5.91 - 5.2 =

0.71

You have tablets with a strength of 760 mg, and you must give 0.76 g. How many tablets will you need?

1

Formal Operational Stage

11 and beyond people begin to think logically about abstract concepts and problem-solve in a more systematic fashion -Milestones: Use of symbols to relate to abstract concepts. Able to make hypotheses and grasp abstract concepts and relationships. Ability to test hypotheses. Development of advanced mathematical skills such as doing percentages, ratios, and fractions.

Identity vs Role Confusion

12 to 18 yr Adolescent explores and integrates multiple roles: student, athlete, child, adult. Emotional fluctuation and stress are common as the adolescent struggles to sort out his or her identity. Emerge from the stage with a strong sense of individuality.

5.47 x 2.32 = Report to nearest tenth

12.7

Record the patient's total intake in mL. 1 dinner roll 4 oz coffee, 1 oz creamer 2 oz green beans 6 oz steak

150 mL

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

18 mo to 3 yr Autonomy versus shame and doubt Child strives to make decisions for himself or herself. Achieve a balance between holding on and letting go.

Intimacy vs Isolation

18 to 35 yr Person searches for a partner who supports and complements him or her. Starting a family is common. Seek fulfilling love and family relationships.

Preoperational stage

2-6/7 a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic. dependence on perception in problem solving and then shift to more intuitive thinking. At this stage, children grow curious, ask many questions as they attempt to understand the world around them using primitive reasoning.

Medication with strength 1 g/2 mL has been ordered at 15 mg/kg. The patient weighs 149 lb. How much should be administered? (If less than 1, round to the nearest hundredth; otherwise, round to the nearest tenth.)

2.031=2.0mL

__ lb = 1kg

2.2 lbs

Initiative vs. Guilt

3 to 6 yr Child explores his or her world and abilities (running, jumping, throwing). Initiate activities without fear of reprimand from caregivers.

1 oz = ___mL

30 mL

Generavity vs Stagnation

35 to 55 yr Generativity versus stagnation Person seeks involvement in creative and meaningful work and transmits culture and values to younger generations. Develop a sense of self-worth as children leave the home.

Which activity represents secondary prevention? -A home health care nurse visits a patient's home to change a wound dressing. -A 50-year-old woman with no history of disease attends the local health fair and has her blood pressure checked. -The school health nurse provides a program to the first-year students on healthy eating -The patient attends cardiac rehabilitation sessions weekly.

A home health care nurse visits a patient's home to change a wound dressing.

Which intervention falls under active strategies of health promotion? -Fortification of milk with vitamin D -Fluoridation of municipal drinking water -A weight reduction program for obese people -Fortification of cereals with vitamin A

A weight reduction program for obese people Active strategies of health promotion require a person to be actively involved in the measures taken to improve a condition and reduce the risk of disease.

Sam performs his assessment of Mr. Calder. What findings are considered normal for a patient of Mr. Calder's age? (Select all that apply.) A. Thin skin B. Decreased saliva production C. Decreased muscle strength D. Whitening of the eye lens E. Mr. Calder's blood pressure is 162 systolic/92 diastolic.

A. Thin skin B. Decreased saliva production C. Decreased muscle strength

Which of the following might be a cause of stress for the older adult? Financial security -Planned retirement -Maintaining satisfactory living environment -Adjusting to decreasing health and physical strength

Adjusting to decreasing health and physical strength

A nurse who has recently graduated has been assigned to be a primary nurse on a geriatric unit. After completing a review of development and aging, the nurse recalls that changes for the older adult include: -A transition from young adulthood. -The ability of the older adult to achieve sexual arousal. -A time when cognitive performance begins to peak. -Adjusting to decreasing health and physical strength.

Adjusting to decreasing health and physical strength.

Which nursing activity is found in a tertiary health care environment? -Administering influenza immunizations at the senior independent-living facility -Providing well-baby care in the clinic run by the local community health department -Admitting a patient following open heart surgery to the cardiovascular intensive care unit -Working the triage desk in the emergency department

Admitting a patient following open heart surgery to the cardiovascular intensive care unit

You are caring for a 5-year-old who is hospitalized for stabilization of asthma. To render age-specific care, an action you can take would be to: -Allow the child to handle medical equipment. -Respond immediately to the child's every need. -Tell the child to be good. -Rationalize the child's complaint as part of the developmental stage

Allow the child to handle medical equipment.

Med classifications for infections

Antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals, antimycobacterials and antiparasitic drugs

Which standard precautionary measure would the nurse follow as a part of medical asepsis? -Sterilization -A special N95 respirator -Proper catheter insertion -Appropriate hand hygiene

Appropriate hand hygiene

Immune components have specific functions. Which immune component provides specific protection against bacterial and viral pathogens? -Cytotoxic T lymphocytes -Serum complement -B cell immunoglobulins -Phagocytic macrophages

B cell immunoglobulins

Which of the following might be a cause of stress for young adults? Activity Being single Career Sexuality

Being single

Immunizations Ages 1-6

Between 12 and 23 months of age: -Chickenpox (Varicella) (1st dose) -Diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough (pertussis) (DTaP) (4th dose -Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (Hib) (4th dose) -Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) (1st dose) -Polio (IPV) (3rd dose) -Pneumococcal disease (PCV13) (4th dose) -Hepatitis A (HepA) (1st dose) -Hepatitis B (HepB) (3rd dose between 6 months and 18 months) -Influenza (Flu) (every year) At 2-3 years of age, your child should receive vaccines to protect them from the following diseases: -Influenza (Flu) (every year) At 4-6 years of age, your child should receive vaccines to protect them from the following diseases: -Diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough (pertussis) (DTaP) (5th dose) -Polio (IPV) (4th dose) -Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) (2nd dose) -Chickenpox (Varicella) (2nd dose) -Influenza (Flu) (every year)

Trust vs. Mistrust

Birth to 18 mo Caregiver must meet all needs of the child. Develop a sense of trust in others by having needs met.

Maria continues her assessment of the newborn girl. Which of the following is a normal reflex found in newborns? (Select all that apply.) -Blinking in response to bright lights -Startling in response to sudden loud noises -Performing sucking, rooting, and grasping movements -Touching the nose on verbal command

Blinking in response to bright lights Startling in response to sudden loud noises Performing sucking, rooting, and grasping movements

By which method are infections commonly classified? -Mode of transmission -Trajectory of illness -Body system affected -Causative microorganism

Causative microorganism

The nurse collects data on a group of patients as a part of a survey using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Which website should the nurse refer patients to view the results of the survey?

Centers for Disease Control (CDC)

Which condition may result from normative age-related changes to the intestines? -Delayed drug clearance rate -Vomiting -Altered taste -Constipation

Constipation

Action of antihistamines

Decrease nasopharyngeal secretions, nasal itching, and tickling that cause sneezing

Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST II)

Designed for use with children from 1 month to 6 years of age and has been standardized for minority populations. It assesses gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal-social skills and milestones.

The immune system ages as people age. Which immunological changes occur with aging? (Select all that apply.) -Decreased immunoglobulin effectiveness -Diminished hypersensitivity response -Increased number of T lymphocytes -Decreased B lymphocyte function -Elevated autoantibody synthesis

Diminished hypersensitivity response Decreased B lymphocyte function

Which desired outcome is congruent with the Health Promotion Model? -Healthy People 2020 -Encouraging health-promoting behavior -Modifying the personality of a person -Improving the physical, mental, and social health of all age groups

Encouraging health-promoting behavior

Systemic decongestants

Examples: ephedrine, phenylephrine, and pseudoephedrine Side effects and drug interactions- can cause systemic reaction and affect BP and HR- watch client closely if has existing problem. Don't overuse as this can cause a rebound effect and worsen the symptom.

A patient diagnosed with major depressive disorder has a nursing diagnosis of chronic low self-esteem (ICNP). Which cognitive intervention by the nurse would be the most appropriate -Promote active socialization with other patients -Role play to increase assertiveness skills -Focus on identifying strengths and accomplishments -Encourage journaling of underlying feelings

Focus on identifying strengths and accomplishments

Which order should the nurse follow when removing personal protective equipment following a surgical procedure? -Gloves, eyewear, gown, mask -Mask, gown, eyewear, gloves -Eyewear, gloves, gown, mask -Gown, mask, eyewear, gloves

Gloves, eyewear, gown, mask

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is current treatment recommendation for:

HIV

Early adulthood immunizations

HPV, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, influenza, meningococcal bacteria, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Zoster.

A patient is in contact isolation for a bacterial infection. The nurse is going to implement which of the following interventions for this patient? -Prevent all visitors from entering the room at any time during hospitalization. -Use personal protective equipment only when knowingly coming into contact with pathogens. -Help to ensure adequate social interaction and support. -Communicate with the patient over the call light whenever possible.

Help to ensure adequate social interaction and support.

Infant Immunizations

Hepatitis B Rotavirus Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis Polio MMR Vitamin K

3 Antiinflammatories

Histamine- ARRIVES FIRST Causes dilation of arterioles and redness (think allergic reactions) Kinins- cause pain (think child learning to talk- is "kinin with pain") Prostaglandins- vasodilation and fever @ site

Which step is first in health promotion, wellness education, and illness prevention? -Identifying risk factors -Identifying vulnerable people -Helping the patient improve health status -Emphasizing wellness strategies

Identifying risk factors

A 17-year-old juvenile offender who has sustained an ulnar fracture while fighting misbehaves with the nurse who is dressing his wound. Which indication explains the behavior of the adolescent according to the different theories of development? -Developmental crisis -Immature moral development -Immature cognitive development -Immature psychosexual development

Immature moral development

The nurse finds that a patient is fasting for religious reasons. Which would be the best nursing intervention? -Administer intravenous fluids to compensate. -Teach the patient about the ill effects of fasting on health. -Instruct the patient to refrain from fasting. -Incorporate religious practice in the care plan.

Incorporate religious practice in the care plan.

Adolescent immunizations

Influenza Meningococcal disease (2nd dose) HPV Tetanus (renewal)

SubQ injection sites and needle

Inject at a 45-degree angle into fatty tissue overlying the triceps muscle or abdomen — a 5/8" needle, 23-25 gauge is recommended.

In which way is the concept of family dynamics unique among the concepts with significant relationships to development? -It both affects and is affected by developmental status. -It potentially affects all five areas of development. -Its effect on development is reversible to a degree. -Its effect on development varies with age.

It both affects and is affected by developmental status.

Sam notices that Mr. Calder's face is gaunt and drawn in appearance. Sam knows that thinning of the face in the elderly is due to ____________

Loss of subcutaneous fat and skin elasticity

Which amount of physical activity should the nurse recommend for healthy adults? -Vigorous physical activity for 30 minutes 5 or more days per week -Vigorous physical activity for 60 minutes 5 or more days per week -Moderate-intensity physical activity for 30 minutes 5 or more days per week -Moderate-intensity physical activity for 30 minutes 3 or more days per week

Moderate-intensity physical activity for 30 minutes 5 or more days per week

NSAIDs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are the most prescribed medications for treating conditions such as arthritis. Most people are familiar with over-the-counter, nonprescription NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen.

According to Freud's psychoanalytical model of personality development, in which stage of development is a girl who fantasizes about her father as her love interest? -Anal -Oral -Genital -Oedipal

Oedipal

The nursing instructor is discussing various concepts of the Health Belief Model with student nurses. To which concept is the nursing instructor referring when discussing patient's beliefs about the costs of being healthy? -Perceived barriers -Perceived benefits -Perceived severity -Perceived susceptibility

Perceived barriers

A nurse conducts health awareness training programs at a community center. Which type of care is the nurse promoting? -Indirect care -Tertiary prevention -Primary prevention -Secondary prevention

Primary prevention

Maria is working with one of the neonatal nurses during her volunteer shift. Maria assists the nurse with an assessment of a newborn girl. Maria palpates the newborn's head and feels the fontanels. What should Maria do next? -Alert the neonatal nurse that there is a problem with the newborn's head. -Palpate harder to see if a dent can be made in the fontanels. -Proceed with the assessment because palpable fontanels are a normal finding. -Try to adjust the skull bones to move over the fontanel.

Proceed with the assessment because palpable fontanels are a normal finding.

What is the primary purpose of the inflammatory response? -Promote healing -Facilitate defense -Support hemostasis -Prevent injury

Promote healing

A mother comments that her toddler eats little at mealtimes, only sits briefly at the table, and wants snacks all the time. Which strategy would the nurse recommend? -Provide nutritious snacks. -Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes. -Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtime. -Explain to her firmly why eating at mealtime is important

Provide nutritious snacks.

Treatment for Inflammation

RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)

An acute infection is described as which type of infection? -Limited to a specific body area -Resolves within several days -Spreads throughout the body -Incurable in some instances

Resolves within several days

The nurse is wearing appropriate personal protective equipment and has begun changing a sterile dressing. The nurse finds that not all of the necessary equipment is at the bedside. Which action by the nurse would be appropriate? -Stop the procedure to bring the equipment to the bedside. -Use another patient's supplies that have been left in the room. -Ring the call bell and ask for assistance from another staff member. -Plan to change the dressing on the patient's next visit to the hospital

Ring the call bell and ask for assistance from another staff member

According to Sigmund Freud's theory of development, at which stage does a child start identifying with the parent of the same sex?

Stage 3 According to Freud, each person goes through five different stages of psychosexual development, and each stage is characterized by pleasure in different body parts. In the third stage (phallic stage), the focus of sexual pleasure is in the genital organs. In this stage, the child fantasizes about the parent of the opposite sex. By the end of this stage the child starts identifying with the parent of the same sex. In stage 2, the focus of pleasure is in the anal region, whereas in stage 1 the focus is in the oral region. In the final or fifth stage, the focus of sexual pleasure is directed toward people outside the family circle.

Which condition suppresses immunity and places the patient at increased risk for infection? -Stress -Hypertension -Edema -Depression

Stress

On reviewing the laboratory reports of a patient with a urinary tract infection, the nurse finds the WBC count to be 10,000 cells/mm3. The urine culture and sensitivity indicates no infection, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is normal. Which conditions does the nurse infer from these findings? Select all that apply -Subsided infection -Resistance to antibiotics -Mounting immune response -Increased local inflammation -Good response to current therapy

Subsided infection Good response to current therapy

Corticosteriods

They are used to treat rheumatologic diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus or vasculitis , examples include cortisone and prednisone

IM injection site and needle

The deltoid muscle is most often used as the site for IM injections in adults but the ventrogluteal may also be used. Needle length is usually 1"-1½", 22-25 gauge, but a longer or shorter needle may be needed depending on the patient's weight

Which factors differentiate developmental disability from developmental anomaly? Select all that apply. -Severity -Time of onset -Level of care demand -Developmental area involved -Duration

Time of onset Duration

Which method of sterilizing a straight urinary catheter and suction tube in the home setting is appropriate? -Use an autoclave. -Use boiling water. -Use ethylene oxide gas. -Use chemicals for disinfection.

Use boiling water.

Macrolides

Used to be drug of choice for patients with PCN allergies! Drug example is Erythromycin. Gastric acid destroys erythromycin in the stomach, so salts are added to aid in absorption. Causes LOTS of GI distress! Give with food/milk to better tolerate.Can cause nephro-or ototoxicity. Watch BUN & creatinine, I&O, weights, urinary output, and whisper test.

Antiviral drugs

Used to treat infections caused by viruses other than HIV

o.u.

both eyes (oculus uterque)

Immunizations 7-10 years

Yearly checkup Influenza vaccination

Superinfection

a second infection superimposed on an earlier one, especially by a different microbial agent of exogenous or endogenous origin, that is resistant to the treatment being used against the first infection

Aminoglycosides

act by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Used against gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli and Proteus and Pseudomonas species. Still 1st line drug for treating tuberculosis. They are for serious infections and cannot be given through the GI tract. Oto and nephrotoxic so monitor baseline and routine labs (BUN, Creatinine, I&O, weights, whisper test.

Antitussives

act on cough center in the medulla Only use on dry, "tickly" cough, not on productive cough.

Statins

anti-inflammatory as they reduce multiple circulating and cellular biomediators of inflammation

Peptides

antibacterials used mainly on GI tract pre-op. until recently. Now are using it more for multi-drug resistant organisms such as resp. infections and UTIs. High doses and serum levels may lead to nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity. Check BUN, serum creatinine Check for numbness and tingling of extremities

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, a person 11 years or older begins to: a. Use images and symbols to represent the world. b. Think abstractly. c. Explore the environment by using the senses. d. Think that everyone sees the world exactly as he or she sees it.

b. Think abstractly.

Categories of isolation

contact, respiratory, tuberculosis, enteric isolations

A pregnant teenager asks the clinic nurse why she should not smoke during the first trimester. The nurse's best response should be: a. The distribution of body hair can be altered. b. The sex of the baby is determined in the first 3 months. c. Development of fingers and toes can be affected. d. The organ systems are beginning to develop.

d. The organ systems are beginning to develop.

q.i.d.

four times a day

The geriatric nurse practitioner preparing to assess an 84-year-old whose daughter is concerned about her ability to live alone would complete a -developmental assessment. -functional assessment. -life experiences survey. -recent life changes questionnaire.

functional assessment.

Gamma globulin (immune globulin)

gives person passive immunity by blocking penetration of the infected cells into healthy ones. IM injection that works for 2-3 weeks and must be repeated. IV FORM WORKS IMMEDIATELY. Used for ones who are in need of immediate immunization against virus (transplant recipients).

Cephalosporins

have a similar molecular structure to pcns. Watch the patient if has a history of pcn allergy. Can be given po, IV, or IM. Examples are Keflex, Rocephin, Mefoxin. Dilute in at least 50ml and infuse over 30 minutes when giving IV. Watch for nephrotoxicity and pseudomembraneous colitis as well as seizures as adverse reactions

HEADSS

screening tool that assesses the teen's home, education, activities, drugs, sex, and potential for suicide for the purpose of identifying high-risk adolescents and the need for more in-depth assessment, counseling, and/or anticipatory guidance.

Adverse effects

severe, unintended, unwanted, and often unpredictable drug reactions.

t.i.d.

three times a day

b.i.d.

twice daily

Chronic Infection

typically lasts longer than 12 weeks and in some cases is non-curable.

A patient admitted to an acute care floor has rubor of an area of injury on the left lower extremity. The nurse understands that this redness is caused by -vasodilation. -extravasation. -neutrophils. -exudate.

vasodilation.

Antihistamines

when exposed to an allergen of some sort, there are 2 types of histamine. The one used for cold symptoms will work on histamine 1 and block its response. Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, etc.