NUR 172 Exam 1

A patient's BP is 145/95. Which stage would this be classified as? A. Normal B. Pre-HTN C. Stage 1 HTN D. Stage 2 HTN

C

What lab would indicate your patient is having an MI? A. CO2 of 24 B. BUN of 30 C. Troponin of 1.4 D. K+ of 5.8 E. Hct of 48

C

Which of the following factors is not associated with typical anginal pain? A. Physical exertion B. Eating a heavy meal C. Lack of sleep D. Stress E. Exposure to cold

C

Which of the following are non-modifiable risk factors of HTN? Select all that apply A. Family history B. High cholesterol C. Obesity D. Diet/alcohol use E. Gender

AE

A pt is admitted to r/o MI is now experiencing chest pain while walking to the bathroom. Which action should the nurse implement FIRST? A. Administer sublingual NTG B. Obtain a STAT EKG C. Have the pt sit down immediately D. Assess the pt's vital signs

C

Which topic should the nurse include in pt teaching for a pt with a venous stasis ulcer on the LLE? A. Need to increased carb intake B. Methods of keeping the wound area dry C. Purpose of prophylactic ABX therapy D. Application of elastic compression stockings

D

A pt w/ newly dx HTN is discussing risk factors with the nurse. The nurse talks about lifestyle changes with the pt and advises they avoid tobacco use. What is the primary rationale behind such advice? A. Quitting smoking will cause the pt's HTN to resolve B. Tobacco use causes ventricular hypertrophy C. Tobacco use increases the pt's concurrent risk of heart disease D. Tobacco use is associated with a sedentary lifestyle

C

Nurses should educate patients that this antihypertensive drug may cause cough. A. Beta blockers B. Angiotensin II receptor blockers C. ACE inhibitors D. Calcium channel blockers

C

A 55 y/o male with PMHx of increased BMI, cigarette smoking, and family Hx of CAD comes to the ED w/ complaints of indigestion associated with activity. What type of angina is this pt most likely experiencing? A. Stable angina B. Unstable angina C. Variant angina D. Silent ischemia

A

A 67 year old patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of venous insufficiency. Which patient statement is most supportive of the diagnosis? A. "I can't get my shoes on at the end of the day" B. "I can't see to ever get my feet warm enough" C. " I have burning leg pains after I walk two blocks" D. "I wake up during the night because my legs hurt"

A

A patient's BP is 118/75. Which stage would this be classified as? A. Normal B. Pre-HTN C. Stage 1 HTN D. Stage 2 HTN

A

What is the highest nursing priority in the plan of care for a pt w/ peripheral vascular problems? A. Promote arterial and venous circulation B. Relieve pain caused by decreased circulation C. Provide a self-care program for the pt and family D. Monitor skin integrity

A

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a male client newly prescribed atenolol. Which information is important for the nurse to teach this client? A. Causes and treatments for erectile dysfunction B. Control of excessive flatus C. Management of incontinence D. Prevention of constipation

A (atenolol = beta blocker used to treat HTN and angina)

Which medication would not usually be used for a patient with angina? A. Fibric acids (Fenofibrate) B. Beta blockers (Atenolol) C. Calcium channel blockers (Diltiazem, Amlodipine) D. Nitroglycerin E. Antiplatelets (ASA, Plavix) F. Anticoagulants (Lovenox, Heparin)

A (this is a lipid lowering med)

Your pt calls out while laying in bed and reports feeling CP. What is the first thing you should do as the nurse? A. Administer 2 L oxygen via NC B. Assess the PQRST C. Administer NTG sublingual per orders D. Call for a STAT 12-lead EKG

A, then B

A pt with peripheral vascular disease has undergone a right femoral-popliteal bypass graft. The BP has decreased from 124/80 to 88/62. What should the nurse assess first? A. Nasal cannula flow rate B. Pedal pulses C. Capillary refill D. IV fluid infusion rate

B

At 0600 you receive report that your pt is going to have a cardiac cath at 1500 today. Which action should the nurse initiate first? A. Teach the pt about the procedure B. Initiate NPO status for the pt C. Start an IV infusion of 0.9% NaCl D. Ask the pt to sign a consent form

B

Compression stockings are essential for patients with _____ A. Peripheral arterial disease B. Peripheral venous disease C. Angina D. HTN E. AB and D

B

Intermittent claudication is a symptom of PVD. A. True B. False

B

When evaluating the discharge teaching for a pt w/ newly dx PAD, the nurse determines a need for further instruction when the pt says, "I will... A. ...have to buy some loose clothes that do not bind across my legs or waist" B. ...use a heating pad on my feet at night to increase the circulation and warmth in my feet" C. ...change my position every hour and avoid long periods of sitting with my legs crossed" D. ...walk to the point of pain, rest, and walk again until the pain returns for at least 30 minutes, 3 times a week"

B

A pt is taking spironolactone. Which change in the diet should the nurse teach the pt to make when taking this drug? A. Restrict sodium intake B. Avoid eating foods high in K+ C. Maintain a fluid intake of 3,000 mL/day D. Incorporate iron-rich foods into the diet

B (spironolactone = a potassium-sparing diuretic)

Which of the following are modifiable risk factors of HTN? Select all that apply A. Age B. Stress C. Smoking D. DM E. Race

BCD(can control DM)

A nurse is teaching a pt with newly diagnosed chronic stable angina. Which instructions should the nurse incorporate in the teaching session on measures to prevent future angina? Select all that apply A. Increase isometric arm exercises to build endurance B. Wear a face mask outdoors in cold weather C. Take NTG before a stressful situation even though pain is not present D. Perform most exertion activities in the morning E. Take a stool softener if constipation is an issue F. Eliminate tobacco use

BCEF

A patient with angina reports his angina pain is prolonged, severe, and occurs at the same time each day, most often at rest in the absence of precipitation factors. How would the nurse best describe this type of angina? A. Stable angina B. Unstable angina C. Variant angina D. Silent ischemia

C

A patient's BP is 180/101. Which stage would this be classified as? A. Normal B. Pre-HTN C. Stage 1 HTN D. Stage 2 HTN

D (any BP >180/120 = hypertensive emergency)

_____ also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of lipid-lowering medications that reduce illness and mortality in those who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease A. Diuretics B. ACE inhibitors C. Beta blockers D. Statins

D (ex: Atorvastatin/Lipitor)

A pt states "I have always taken a walk after dinner, but lately my leg cramps and hurts after just a few minutes of walking. The pain goes away after I stop walking though." The nurse should... A. Check for the presence of tortuous veins bilaterally B. Ask about any skin color changes that could occur in response to cold C. Assess for unilateral swelling, redness, and top of either leg D. Assess for the presence of the DP and PT pulses

D

A pt w/ a venous thromboembolism (VTE) is starting enoxaparin (Lovenox) and warfarin (Coumadin). The pt asks the nurse why two meds are necessary. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. Taking two blood thinners reduces the risk for another clot to form B. Lovenox will start to dissolve the clot, and Coumadin will prevent any more clots from forming C. Because of the risk for a blood clot in the lungs, it is important for you to take more than one blood thinner D. Lovenox will work right away, but Coumadin takes several days to have an effect on preventing clots

D

The HCP has prescribed bed rest w/ the feet elevated for a pt admitted with venous thromboembolism. Which action by the nurse would be best? A. Place pt in Trendelenburg position B. Place two pills under the affected leg C. Elevate the bed at the knees and place pillows under the feet D. Place one pillow under the thighs, place two pillows under the lower legs

D

A 73 year old pt w/ chronic A-fib develops sudden severe pain, pulselessness, pallor, and coolness in the right leg wile walking. The nurse should notify the HCP and immediately... A. Apply a compression stocking to the leg B. Elevate the leg above the level of the heart C. Assist the pt in gently exercising the leg D. Put the pt in bed in the supine position

D

What are the 6 P's used to assess PAD/PVD?

Pain, pulse, paralysis, pallor, paresthesia, pressure

What does PQRST stand for?

Precipitating events Quality Radiates Severity Time