nutrition exam 3 ch 10

sore tongue, inflammation of the skin, depression, confusion, and small pale red blood cells represent the deficiency symptoms of vitamin

B6

vitamin C rich fruits and vegetables act as antioxidants and helps _____ free radicals

neutralize

dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death may result from inadequate intake of

niacin

fruits and vegetables which are _____ have been linked to lower rates of cancer of the lung, mouth and esophageal, stomach, and colon

non-starchy

fortification of cereal grains has resulted in fewer cases of

pellegra

eating more tomatoes and pasta sauce may reduce the risk of developing

prostate cancer

nutrient-preserving food preparation, handling, and storage techniques aim to ____ exposure to oxygen

reduce

choline helps protect the

liver

heat, light, pH, and oxidation on water-soluble vitamins lead to

vitamin losses

Emily wants to make sure that she does not catch a cold she should

wash her hands frequently and thoroughly

all water-soluble vitamins are carried throughout the body in

water

_____ results from chronic alcohol consumption is linked to thiamin malabsorption which results in memory loss, impaired vision, low blood pressure, uncontrolled movement of the arms and legs, and even coma

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

this B vitamin is likely to lead to deficiency symptoms in vegans because it is found only in animal foods

B12

vitamin _____ is rich in fruits and vegetables, assists in the formation of collagen, acts as an antioxidant, supports the immune system, and improves the absorption of nonheme iron

C

choline is

a conditionally essential nutrient

inositol is classified as

an alcohol

persons who wish to maintain healthy red blood cells and the myelin sheath that surrounds nerves need to eat more

animal products and fortified foods

an alcoholic who has been diagnosed with _____ has been advised to eat more milk and yogurt; enriched grains; leafy green vegetables, eggs and almonds

ariboflavinosis

a poor asian american refugee who has been eating polished white rice has been experiencing loss of appetite, weight loss, memory loss, confusion, muscle weakness, pain, numbness, and tingling in the feet and hands her diagnosis is

beriberi

patients who are receiving post-surgical total nutrition intravenously, persons with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and those who are producing inadequate biotinidase need to consume more

biotin

liberal consumption of cauliflower, broccoli, and brussel sprouts have been linked to lower rates of

bladder cancer in men

carnitine, lipoic acid, and inositol are needed for overall health

but they are not essential nutrients

_____ functions as part of the phospholipid that makes up cell membranes; it functions in liver metabolism; it participates in nerve transmission; it assists in the transport of lipids as part of the VLDL; and it plays a key role in fetal development

choline

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome is a thiamin deficiency which is seen among

chronic alcohol abusers

folate and vitamin B12 act as ____ in the formation of red blood cells

coenzymes

the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, and vitamin B6 act as _____ in the process of breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to ATP

coenzymes

megadoses of vitamin C are linked to kidney stones, nausea, stomach cramps, and

diarrhea

_____ dissolve in water, are generally not stored in the body, leach when foods are soaked in water, and many are excreted through the urine

fat-soluble vitamins

niacin supplements may lead to

flushing

adequate intake of ____ has been linked to low rates of breast, colon and pancreatic cancer

folate

leafy green vegetables, asparagus, enriched pasta, breads, cereals provide

folate

the best natural food source of ____ are dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach, broccoli, asparagus, and legumens

folate

which of the following sources of folate is best absorbed

folate supplements

many cereals, flours, and a variety of beverages are

fortified

anne is a picky eater, and she is unable to swallow tablets and she has been diagnosed with low blood folate levels what is her best option

her favorite green leafy vegetables

vitamin C deficiency symptoms include: swollen and bleeding gums, a rough rash on the skin, wounds that heat slowly, and internal bleeding or

scurvy

permanent birth defects in which a portion of the spinal cord and its protective membranes protrude from the vertebral column is called

spina bifida

there are no known toxicity symptoms for

thiamin and riboflavin

individuals who are under-consuming B vitamins are likely to feel

tired

who among the following is most likely to experience vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms

vegan