nutrition exam 3 ch 10
sore tongue, inflammation of the skin, depression, confusion, and small pale red blood cells represent the deficiency symptoms of vitamin
B6
vitamin C rich fruits and vegetables act as antioxidants and helps _____ free radicals
neutralize
dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea, and death may result from inadequate intake of
niacin
fruits and vegetables which are _____ have been linked to lower rates of cancer of the lung, mouth and esophageal, stomach, and colon
non-starchy
fortification of cereal grains has resulted in fewer cases of
pellegra
eating more tomatoes and pasta sauce may reduce the risk of developing
prostate cancer
nutrient-preserving food preparation, handling, and storage techniques aim to ____ exposure to oxygen
reduce
choline helps protect the
liver
heat, light, pH, and oxidation on water-soluble vitamins lead to
vitamin losses
Emily wants to make sure that she does not catch a cold she should
wash her hands frequently and thoroughly
all water-soluble vitamins are carried throughout the body in
water
_____ results from chronic alcohol consumption is linked to thiamin malabsorption which results in memory loss, impaired vision, low blood pressure, uncontrolled movement of the arms and legs, and even coma
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
this B vitamin is likely to lead to deficiency symptoms in vegans because it is found only in animal foods
B12
vitamin _____ is rich in fruits and vegetables, assists in the formation of collagen, acts as an antioxidant, supports the immune system, and improves the absorption of nonheme iron
C
choline is
a conditionally essential nutrient
inositol is classified as
an alcohol
persons who wish to maintain healthy red blood cells and the myelin sheath that surrounds nerves need to eat more
animal products and fortified foods
an alcoholic who has been diagnosed with _____ has been advised to eat more milk and yogurt; enriched grains; leafy green vegetables, eggs and almonds
ariboflavinosis
a poor asian american refugee who has been eating polished white rice has been experiencing loss of appetite, weight loss, memory loss, confusion, muscle weakness, pain, numbness, and tingling in the feet and hands her diagnosis is
beriberi
patients who are receiving post-surgical total nutrition intravenously, persons with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, and those who are producing inadequate biotinidase need to consume more
biotin
liberal consumption of cauliflower, broccoli, and brussel sprouts have been linked to lower rates of
bladder cancer in men
carnitine, lipoic acid, and inositol are needed for overall health
but they are not essential nutrients
_____ functions as part of the phospholipid that makes up cell membranes; it functions in liver metabolism; it participates in nerve transmission; it assists in the transport of lipids as part of the VLDL; and it plays a key role in fetal development
choline
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome is a thiamin deficiency which is seen among
chronic alcohol abusers
folate and vitamin B12 act as ____ in the formation of red blood cells
coenzymes
the B vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, and vitamin B6 act as _____ in the process of breaking down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats to ATP
coenzymes
megadoses of vitamin C are linked to kidney stones, nausea, stomach cramps, and
diarrhea
_____ dissolve in water, are generally not stored in the body, leach when foods are soaked in water, and many are excreted through the urine
fat-soluble vitamins
niacin supplements may lead to
flushing
adequate intake of ____ has been linked to low rates of breast, colon and pancreatic cancer
folate
leafy green vegetables, asparagus, enriched pasta, breads, cereals provide
folate
the best natural food source of ____ are dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach, broccoli, asparagus, and legumens
folate
which of the following sources of folate is best absorbed
folate supplements
many cereals, flours, and a variety of beverages are
fortified
anne is a picky eater, and she is unable to swallow tablets and she has been diagnosed with low blood folate levels what is her best option
her favorite green leafy vegetables
vitamin C deficiency symptoms include: swollen and bleeding gums, a rough rash on the skin, wounds that heat slowly, and internal bleeding or
scurvy
permanent birth defects in which a portion of the spinal cord and its protective membranes protrude from the vertebral column is called
spina bifida
there are no known toxicity symptoms for
thiamin and riboflavin
individuals who are under-consuming B vitamins are likely to feel
tired
who among the following is most likely to experience vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms
vegan