Nutrition Quiz 3
An example of a food that contains a high level of saturated fatty acids is
Beefsteak
An example of a food that does NOT contain cholesterol is
Coconut • cholesterol is a substance that naturally occurs in all animal foods but not in plant foods
A type of fat that may be associated with a high risk of atherosclerosis if consumed on a regular basis is
Butter. • Butter is a highly saturated fat. Excess intake saturated fat associated with atherosclerosis
The best food choice to provide alpha-linoleic acid is
Canola oil
The hormone responsible for stimulating the gallbladder to contract and release bile into the small intestine is
Cholecystokinin
The body needs linoleic acid for
Blood clotting
The greatest number of kilocalories provided by
30 g fat • the 30 g of fat provides the most kilocalories. Fat provides 9 kcal/g; both carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 kcal/g. Calculations: 30 g fat ' 9 kcal/g = 270 kcal 40 g carbohydrate ' 4 kcal/g = 160 kcal 60 g carbohydrate ' 4 kcal/g = 240 kcal 50 g protein ' 4 kcal/g = 200 kcal
The number of kilocalories from fat in a meal that contains 35 g fat is
315 Fat contains 9 kcal/g, so 35 g ' 9 kcal/g = 315 kcal
The recommended total calories provided by fat in an 1800-calorie diet should not exceed
630 calories • it is recommended that no more than 35% of total calories come from fat. In an 1800-calorie diet: 1800 ' 0.35 = 630 calories.
Triglycerides are composed of
Glycerol and fatty acids
A chance brought about as the result of hydrogenation is that
Liquid fats become solids
Cholesterol is synthesized by the body mainly in the
Liver
After a dietary assessment is completed, it reveals that a client consumes 50% of his or her calories from fat. This amount of fat places he client at risk for
Obesity, elevated blood fats, and diabetes • According to the Dietary Reference Intakes, no more than 35% of total calories should come from fat. Excess fat intake places a person at risk for health problems, including obesity, elevated blood fats, and diabetes.
Of the following fats, the one that is the least saturated is
Safflower oil • plant fats are generally less saturated than animal fats. However, coconut oil is high in saturated fat. Olive oil contains mostly monounsaturated fatty acids. Safflower oil contains mostly polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Most fatty acids in plant foods are
Unsaturated
The chemical feature that distinguishes a saturated fatty acid from an unsaturated fatty acid is the
Amount of hydrogen it contains. • a fatty acid that is not completely filled with all the hydrogen it can hold is unsaturated; the structure of a saturated fatty acid is completely filled with all the hydrogen bonds it can hold.
The process of adding hydrogen to fatty acids is called
Hydrogenation •the process of introducing hydrogen into the fat; this makes the fat more saturated
Fat substitutes are used in food products to
Improve the flavor and physical texture of low-fat foods. • Fat substitutes such as Simplesse and Olestra provide improve flavor and physical texture to low-fat foods and can help reduce total dietary fat.
Factors that increase the risk of heart disease include
Increased stress and obesity • Heart disease is a leading cause of death in developed countries. Various risk factors are associated with heart disease including excess dietary fat, especially saturated fat and cholesterol, along with obesity, diabetes, elevated blood fats, and elevated blood pressure. Additional lifestyle factor include smoking, stress, and lack of exercise.
The functions of far in the body include
Insulation of vital organs, temperature regulation, and cell membrane structure • in the body, fat around vital organs and under the skin provides insulation and helps regulate body temperature; fat is also a component of cell membrane structure.