OLS 274 Ch. 10

Which of the following approaches suggests that a manager believes that employees should be involved in both defining problems and in designing the solutions?

McGregor's Theory Y

At the ice cream shop where Kayla works, all shoppers are greeted with the same script: "Welcome to Chill-A-While. My name is ________. How may I help you?" All shoppers must be greeted in less than three minutes after they have entered the shop. Which management theorist would have approved of this method of operation?

Taylor

The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they're being studied is referred to as:

The Hawthorne Effect

In accordance with Maslow's way of thinking, if Elizabeth secured a good-paying job that paid her enough to live in a decent apartment and buy an economical car, and if she felt that her work location and her home location were relatively safe places, she would ________.

Turn her focus to the next level of needs: Social Needs

An HR director was reviewing the job description for a new position in the Information Technology department of his company. He quickly jotted down a few comments that he would later share with the department manager. Among other things, his comments included suggestions for incorporating more skill variety into the job and a little more autonomy as to how the job might be accomplished from start to finish. As a student of business, you recognize that the HR director believes that a person holding this position would be motivated by ________.

Job enrichment

The strategy of making work interesting and motivating employees by moving them from one job to another is called:

Job rotation

Motivating employees by expanding the number of jobs or tasks that they are involved with is referred to as job ________.

Enlargement

Recently Tommy switched jobs from a large firm, to a medium-sized firm. As one of four project managers at the new firm, Tommy recognizes that employees have much more respect for his expertise than he perceived at the larger firm where there were a minimum of 25 project managers. According to Maslow, which need in his hierarchy is important to Tommy?

Esteem

A Michigan State University student spends his summer months in his home town, where he works for a local microbrewery during the evening hours. In the late morning, he attends the local community college, where he takes summer courses that he knows will transfer back to MSU. Although he finds the courses just as challenging as at his regular university, he does not worry about his summer grades affecting his 3.2 (out of 4.0) grade point average, because MSU only accepts the transfer credits. As long as he receives C grades or better, he maintains his current grade point average. Which of the following theories suggests that the student will work only as hard as necessary to earn a C grade?

Expectancy Theory

Lee Kwon is a Korean worker who has been transferred by his company to the United States for six months to negotiate a supplier contract. Lee is having some problems understanding how to do business in the U.S. He has tried to get to know his U.S. co-workers, but feels rebuffed when they prefer to just get down to business and get things done. The problem could be the fact that Lee is from a(n) ________, and believes building personal relationships and trust is more important than focusing on doing business as his U.S. co-workers are more comfortable doing.

High-context culture

According to Herzberg, workers felt that good pay and job security:

Provided a sense of satisfaction with the job, but did not motivate them

Herzberg's Hygiene factors include:

Salary Herzberg's hygiene factors include interpersonal relations, supervision, job security, working conditions, company policies, and salary.

According to Herzberg, which of the following would be considered "motivators"?

Sense of achievement and opportunity for growth

Betty is the assistant store manager at a trendy clothing store. The store hires lots of seasonal employees. Betty has little regard for the skill or ability of those she hires, and she is certain that few would come to work on time each day if it weren?t for the fact that the store is known to fire any employee who fails to be on time. As a student of motivational theory, you would describe the management style of Betty as ___________.

Theory X

At Flo Valley Manufacturing, workers are encouraged to find their own solutions to problems, and to implement their solutions when practical. They work with little supervision because management feels they are committed and creative workers. Flo Valley?s policy reflects a ________ attitude about workers.

Theory Y

According to Maslow's theory, when a need is satisfied:

another, higher-level need emerges and motivates a person to satisfy that need.

Herzberg's research purposefully directed managerial thinking to ________.

develop interesting jobs which might require problem solving and decision making

The central idea of MBO is that:

employees need to motivate themselves by participating in goal setting.

Becca works for a large management-consulting firm, as a junior level consultant. She recently learned that another consultant who was hired at the same time has already received a step-up promotion. Becca knows that she has contributed to well-received projects and her projects have received accolades from clients. According to equity theory, Becca may choose to ________.

increase her inputs in hopes her efforts will be noticed

With respect to the development of scientific management, Frederick Taylor's objective was to ________.

increase productivity at work. Frederick Taylor, the father of scientific management, wanted to increase productivity at work. He studied (observed) the way that workers performed each job and timed their progress. From this observation he developed the most efficient method to do each task.

Elton Mayo's famous experiment at the Hawthorne Plant concluded ________.

people who perceive that management permits them to contribute to work decisions might be more productive

Frederick Taylor believed the best way to improve worker productivity was to:

scientifically determine the most efficient way to perform a task and then teach people exactly how to perform it.

Generation X Managers:

tend to focus more on results than on hours in the workplace

William Ouchi's Theory Z recognized ________.

the merits of a hybrid form of Japanese style management and American style of management

McGregor recognized that ________.

their attitude toward workers affected how managers proceeded to motivate