Organic Chem

The position of the functional group in an alcohol is indicated in its names by a... a. letter at the end b. number and dash at the end c. letter at the beginning d. number and dash at the beginning

d

formaldehyde

methanal

Alkanes are ___________ soluble in water.

not very

Which type of substances have the same physical and chemical properties but produce different optical rotations?

optical isomers

cis

same side

Alkanes are _______ hydrocarbons because they have only single bonds.

saturated

Molecules that have the same formula and the atoms are bonded in the same order but are arranged different in space and have different properties are?

stereoisomers

atoms are bonded in the same order but arranged differently

steroisomers

The attractive forces between alkane molecules are __________ than the attractive forces between alkane and water molecules.

stronger

double and triple bonds

unsaturated

What was the first organic compound to be synthesized?

urea

Alkanes contain how many double bonds?

0

An alcohol is an organic compound in which a hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon has been replaced by... a. a hydroxyl group b. an oxygen group c. an NH2 group d. a COOH group

a

Atoms or groups of atoms, other than hydrogen and carbon, that occur in organic molecules and react in a certain way are called... a. functional groups b. polymers c. radicals d. monomers

a

Compared to alkenes and alkynes of similar size, benzene is.. a. less reactive b. about as reactive c. slightly more reactive d. much more reactive

a

Aliphatic compounds were originally obtained from?

animal fats

A carbon bonded to four different groups is

asymmetric

a carbon that has hour different groups only arranged in two different ways

asymmetric carbon

Denatured alcohol is... a. a mixture of two alcohols b. ethanol to which noxious solvents have been added c. ethanol that has been diluted d. ethanol diluted with water

b

How is ethanol generally removed from a water solution? a. filtration b. distillation c. adsorption d. precipitation

b

In a carbonyl group, an oxygen is... a. single-bonded to a carbon atom b. double-bonded to a carbon atom c. bonded to a hydrogen atom d. bonded to a carbon atom and another oxygen

b

The alcohol produced by yeasts is... a. methanol b.ethanol c. isopropanol d. butanol

b

The formal names of aldehydes end with the suffix... a. -one b. -al c. -oic d. -ane

b

The use of aromatic compounds should be limited because many of them a. produce chimney soot b. can cause health problems c. have pleasant smells d. cannot be synthesized

b

What intermolecular attraction gives alcohols many of their physical properties? a. London forces b. hydrogen bonds c. ionic forces d. dipole-dipole forces

b

Which of the following does NOT contain the carbonyl group? a. ketones b. ethers c. aldehydes d. amides

b

Which of the following is the carbonyl group? a. COOH b. C=O c. CONH2 d. R-O-R

b

A poisonous alcohol used as a solvent for certain plastics and in the manufacture of insecticides is... a. butanol b. ethanol c. cyclohexanol d. isopropanol

c

Aryl halides contain what two groups? a. nitrogen and aliphatic hydrocarbon chain b. nitrogen and aromatic hydrocarbon ring c. halogen and aromatic hydrocarbon ring d. halogen and aliphatic hydrocarbon chain

c

What is the most common starting material for man-made polymers?

crude oil

What is a cyclic alkane with no substituents groups and 6 carbon atoms called?

cyclohexane

Alcohol molecules are generally... a. nonpolar b. ionic c. very slightly poor d. moderately polar

d

The alcohol produced commercially in the largest quantity is... a. methanol b. isopropyl c. ether d. ethanol

d

acetic acid

ethanoic acid

Ethylene is the common name for

ethene

acetylene is the common name for?

ethyne

Alkanes are often used as _______ because they readily undergo combustion in oxygen.

fuels

different arrangements of groups around a double bond

geometric bond

What is the main component of a milk jug?

high density polyethylene

What is a series of compounds that differ from one another by a repeating unit called?

homologous series

What functional group is present in an alcohol?

hydroxyl group

The boiling points of alkanes ________ with increasing molecular mass.

increase

What are two molecules with the same formula but different structures called?

isomers

The chief chemical property of alkanes is their ________ reactivity.

low

all bonds in an alkane are

nonpolar

four different groups around a carbon atom represent the other class of stereoisomers

optical isomers

when polarization light passes through a solution containing an optical isomer

optical rotation

What were aromatic compounds originally obtained from?

plants

acetone

propanone

propylene is the common name for

propene

only single bonds

saturated

same chemical formula but their atoms are bonded in different arrangements

structural isomers

The simplest alcohol is.. a. methanol b. ethanol c. isopropanol d. butanol

a

Cyclohexane contains how many hydrogen atoms?

12

What is the name of a straight-chain hydrocarbon that has six carbon atoms and a triple bond between the second and third carbon atoms?

2-hexyne

How many carbon atoms are present in 2-ethyl pentane?

7

The molecular formula for benzene

C6H6

What is the general formula for cyclic alkanes?

CnH2n

Amines contain what function group?

NH2

an alkane with one or more halogen substituents is called what?

alkyl halide

Which of the following is an element commonly found in organic compounds? a. Nitrogen b. argon c. cesium d. calcium

a

trans

across from

In hydrocarbons, carbon atoms are generally lined to... a. other carbon atoms only b. hydrogen atoms only c. both carbon and hydrogen atoms d. atoms of any element

c

The electrons in the ring of an aromatic compound are.. a. help tightly by one carbon nucleus b. localized between specific carbon nuclei c. shared equally by all of the carbon nuclei d. shared by only three of the carbon nuclei

c

What is not true of benzene? a. It is an aromatic compound b. it has a flat hexagonal shape c. the double bonds make it unstable d. it has delocalized electrons

c

What structural characteristics do all aromatic compounds share? a. They are composed of cyclohexane b. they have a triple bond c. they contain a benzene ring d. they contain a cyclic alkane

c

Which of the filling does NOT contain a carbon group? a. ketones b. esters c. amines d. aldehydes

c

Which of the following correctly expresses the order of solubility, from the greatest to least? a. aldehydes, alkanes, alcohols b. aldehydes, alcohols, alkanes c. alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes d. alcohols, alkanes, aldehydes

c

Which of the following is NOT an alkyl halide? a. 2-fluorobutane b. 1,3-dichlorobenzene c. sodium chloride d. bromoethane

c

Which of the following is an alcohol? a. cyclohexamine b. 1-chlorobutanol c. bromobutene d. butylpropyl ether

c

Which of the following is considered saturated? a. 1,4-dimethylbenzene b. 2,2-dipropylhexyne c. 2-methylhexane d. 1,3-pentadiene

c

Which of the following is nota functional group? a. a double bond b. a triple bond c. an alkane chain d. a chlorine atom

c

Which of the following suffixes is used in naming alcohols? a. -al b. -oic c. -ol d. -ane

c

Organic compounds must contain what element?

carbon

What type of compound does this formula represent? CH3CH2CH2COOH

carboxylic acid

molecule exists in right and left had forms

chirality

Which of the following describes the solubility of ethanol in water? a. completely insoluble b. slightly soluble c. immiscible d. completely miscible

d

Which of the following is generally the most reactive? a. cycloalkanes b. alkanes c. alkenes d. alkynes

d

Which of the following is true of ketones in comparison to aldehydes? a. neither is polar, and they are equally reactive b. ketones are polar, but aldehydes are not, and ketones are less reactive c. both are polar, and ketones are more reactive d. both are polar, ketones are less reactive

d

Which of the following makes a compound a ketone? a. a carboxyl group at the end b. a carboxyl group between carbon atoms c. a carbonyl group at the end d. a carbonyl group between carbon atoms

d