Peds review questions
A 6 yr old child is being assessed by a nurse for possible signs of dehydration. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform? a. patellar reflexes b. anterior fontanel tension c. skin turgor d. pupil reactivity to light
c
A nurse is educating a group of parents regarding disciplinary actions that they can take if their preschool child disobeys. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make? 1. "Up to a 5-minute time out is often very effective when a preschooler disobeys." 2. "At this age, it is appropriate and effective to spank the child lightly on the behind." 3. "When preschool children disobey, it is very effective to send them to their rooms without supper." 4. "An excellent form of punishment when a preschooler disobeys is to take away the child's favorite toy for a few days."
1
A nurse is providing health promotion education to a 10-year-old child during a well-child clinic visit. Which of the following is an appropriate patient-care goal for the teaching session? The child will: 1. Brush teeth using a fluoride toothpaste at least twice each day. 2. Receive the first dose of the meningococcal vaccine before leaving the clinic. 3. Begin to take swimming lessons before becoming an adolescent. 4. Always ride a bicycle on the left -hand side of the road.
1
The nurse has confirmed that a 9-year-old child understands the concept of conservation when the child makes which of the following statements? 1. "There is the same amount of clay in a snake made out of a ball of clay than there was when it was a ball." 2. "I don't get as tired when I ride up in an elevator than I do when I walk up a whole flight of stairs." 3. "I'd rather read books and play video games than to play baseball or soccer." 4. "I try to get my homework done as soon as I get home from school."
1
A nurse is educating the parents of a 4½-year-old child regarding personal safety issues. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. The parents should: 1. Choose a safety word for the child to remember in cases of an emergency. 2. Warn the child to report any unfamiliar adult who offers the child candy, toys, or dogs. 3. Inform the child that it is safe to be alone with any of the parents' friends or neighbors. 4. Advise the child to report any adult who attempts to touch the child's shoulders and back. 5. Instruct the child regarding the information that should be given when a 911 call is made.
1,2,5
A nurse is preparing to give a 5-year-old child preoperative teaching for abdominal surgery. Which of the nurse's actions is most appropriate? 1. Explain the procedures that the child will experience. 2. Allow the child to dress up in surgical attire. 3. Tell the child why the surgery will make the child healthier. 4. Have the child meet another child who has had surgery.
2
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding bedtime issues. Which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to include? 1. "Don't put your child to bed each night until he appears to be really sleepy." 2. "Make sure to keep blankets, pillows, and stuffed toys out of your child's bed." 3. "Forewarn your child a few minutes before that it is time to go to bed. In other words, tell him when it is ten minutes before and then five minutes before bedtime." 4. "Make bedtime different and special every night. Some nights you could read him a story, other nights play a game with him, and other nights sing a song with him."
2
A mother asks which toy the nurse would suggest she purchase for her 15-month-old child. Which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to recommend? a. model kit b. rattle c. toy shopping cart d. board game
c
A mother tells the nurse that it is difficult to get her 4-year-old child to bed at night. Which of the following should the nurse suggest that the mother do? 1. Give the child a small present if he goes to bed when he is asked to. 2. Play a running game with the child right before bedtime. 3. Develop a bedtime routine that is followed every night. 4. Let the child stay up late on weekends if he goes to bed on time on weeknights.
3
A nurse is interviewing a group of 4th grade children. It would be appropriate for the nurse to diagnose the child who made which of the following statements as at "Risk for Altered Coping related to poor psychosocial development"? 1. "My teacher put the picture I drew up on the board." 2. "I made a goal during our soccer game yesterday." 3. "I strike out every time I bat when we play soft ball in gym class." 4. "My teacher let me read out loud last week and again this week."
3
A nurse is providing health promotion education to the parent of a 6-year-old child during a well-child clinic visit. Which of the following statements by the parent would indicate that further teaching is needed? 1. "Eating raisins and jelly beans is worse for my child's teeth than is drinking sugary soft drinks." 2. "My child loves to kick balls around the yard, so I think I will enroll my child in a soccer camp." 3. "I let my child watch television for a half hour in bed after bedtime when my child has been really good." 4. "My child took a pack of gum from the local store the other day, so I made my child give it back to the manager."
3
A parent telephones the nurse in the primary health-care provider's office and states, "My 4½-yearold child was screaming and kicking in her sleep. She really scared me, but by the time I got into her bedroom, she seemed to be quiet again. What should I do if that happens again?" Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? 1. "The best way to stop night terrors is to have your child talk about her fears during the day." 2. "The best way to deal with nightmares is to keep a night light lit in your child's room all night." 3. "Night terrors usually go away on their own just like your daughter's did. It is best not to awaken the child." 4. "Nightmares are very common in children your daughter's age. Next time wake her up, and tell her that she is safe."
3
A nurse is having difficulty communicating with a hospitalized 5-year-old child. Which of the following techniques is appropriate for the nurse to use to improve communication? 1. Have the child keep a diary of his or her feelings. 2. Read a fairy tale about scary adventures to the child. 3. Ask the mother to interpret the child's feelings. 4. Interact with the child through nurse and patient puppets.
4
The nurse is giving a 5-year-old child a vaccine injection. The child cries loudly during the procedure. Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for the nurse to perform after the injection? 1. Advise the child that big children are quiet during injections. 2. Explain to the child why vaccinations are administered. 3. Inform the child that the vaccine was ordered by the primary health-care provider. 4. Comfort the child and give the child a sticker as a present.
4
The nurse is providing prehospital admission education to a 9-year-old child and family. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate for the nurse to utilize during the teaching session? 1. Have the child speak with another child who was recently discharged from the hospital. 2. Verbally explain to the child what the child will experience while in the hospital. 3. Play a board game about hospitals and medical procedures with the child. 4. Take the child on a tour of the pediatric unit, and introduce the child to the nurses.
4
A 15-month-old child, who is being dropped off at nursery school, throws himself onto the floor, kicks, and screams, "No! No!" Which of the responses by the mother should the nursery school nurse recommend the mother change in the future? a. The mother turns her back on the child while he is kicking and screaming. b. The mother bends during the tantrum and states, "Honey, why are you so upset? We need to discuss your behavior." c. After the tantrum is over, the mother turns around and states, "I am so proud of you when you act like a big boy." d. After the tantrum is over, the mother bends down and gives her son a hug.
a
A 3 month old child is being assessed in the ED. The child's lab results are: potassium 5.5 and sodium 150. Which of the following is most likely the etiology of the child's results? a. baby is consuming concentrated formula that is not diluted with water b child has a cardiac defect c. child has gastroenteritis d. parent fed the baby large quantities of plain water on a hot summer day
a
A child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a serum potassium level of 3.0. for which of the following complications should the nurse carefully monitor the child? a. dysrhythmias b. thirst c. seizures d. dry mucous membranes
a
A child, who is bleeding heavily, is in hypovolemic shock. The nurse determines that the child is currently compensating for the loss of blood when the nurse notes which of the following? a. tachycardia b. hypotension c. bradypnea d. cyanosis
a
A nurse is educating a parent regarding the psychosocial stage of development of infancy (trust vs. mistrust) period. Which of the following information did the nurse include in the discussion? a. infants should have their needs met in a timely fashion b. mothers should let their babies cry to themselves to sleep each night c. infants should be scolded for bad behavior whenever they break objects d. mothers should sneak out of the room when they must leave their babies
a
A nurse observes a 6 yr old child fall from a 3rd-story window. The area is safe for the nurse to intervene. There is no one else in the area. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a. assess for breathing b. assess carotid pulse c. access emergency assistance d. administer rescue breaths
a
A school nurse is providing an education session for parents of high school students. Which of the following information should be included in the teaching session? a. It is important for teens to catch up on their sleep on weekends b. teens are less likely to get into an automobile accident if others are in the car with them c. adolescents are especially at high risk for accidental poisonings d. tanning beds are safe as long as the adolescent reapplies sunscreen every ten minutes
a
The parents of a 2-year-old child state that their child begins nursery school in one week. Which of the following actions should the nurse advise the parents to perform on the child's first day of school? a. When dropping the child off at school, quickly leave the classroom when the child is not looking. b. When preparing the child for the first day of school, tell the child that teachers do not like bad boys and girls. c. Tell the child that big boys and girls never cry on their first day of school. d. Make sure to let the child take to school any special object the child is attached to.
a
an 8 month old is seen in the well-child clinic. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse expect to see? Select all that apply a. plays peek a boo b. walks independently c. feeds self with a spoon d. stacks two blocks in a tower e. transfers objects from hand to hand
a and e
A nurse is providing education to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. a. The child should receive an influenza vaccination every year. b. The child should brush his or her teeth with toothpaste every morning and night. c. The child should consume foods from all food groups every day. d. The child should continue to drink formula until he or she is two years old. e. The child should be allowed to take his or her special object to nursery school
a,b,c
The school nurse is providing nutrition education to a group of high school students. Which of the following information should be included in the teaching session? Select all that apply. a. energy drinks are high in sugar and caffeine b. vegan diets are low in complete proteins c. fast foods are low in fate and cholesterol d. sodas are high in sugar and empty calories e. adolescents often need to limit their intake of calories
a,b,d
An 11-month old child is seen in the primary health care practitioner's office with a chief complaint of loose stools. The child's temp, HR, and RR are: 98.9 F, 148 bpm, and 46 rpm, respectively. Which of the following factors places their child at high risk for the nursing diagnosis: Deficient Fluid Volume? The child's : (select all that apply) a. age b. HR c. temp d. chief complaint e. RR
a,b,d,e
A mother asks the nursery school nurse, "Whenever she is playing with other children in the playground, my 2½-year-old keeps throwing sand in other kids' faces. What am I to do?" Which of the following disciplinary methods would be most appropriate for the nurse to recommend? a. Inform the child that she will be grounded from going to the playground for 7 days. b. Spank the child on her buttocks. c. Throw sand in the child's face. d. Make the child sit on a bench away from the playground for 2 to 3 minutes.
d
The parents of a toddler, who is toilet trained and no longer drinks from a bottle, are expecting a new baby. The nurse should advise the parents that the toddler may respond in which of the following ways? Select all that apply. a. Kiss the baby whenever the baby is near. b. Repeatedly have temper tantrums. c. Ask to drink milk from a bottle. d. Have a number of toileting accidents. e. Hit the baby on the head.
all of them
A 6 month old child received the following play things as a gif from a relative. The nurse should advise the parents that which of the items is potentially dangerous for the child to play with? a. stuffed animal b. balloon c. toy cell phone d. shape sorter
b
A 6 month old child, with a nursing diagnosis of excess fluid volume, is being seen by the nurse. Which of the following signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to see? a. sunken fontanel b. marked weight gain c. soft eyeballs d. high urine specific gravity
b
A nurse in a day-care center is observing a 2-yearold child during recess. Which of the following actions would the nurse expect the child to perform? a. ride a tricycle b. kick a ball c. climb the rungs of a ladder d. build a sand castle
b
A school nurse determines that a group of young women is in early adolescence based on which of the following observations? All of the young women: a. have decided on which career they wish to pursue b. are dressed in the same style clothes and wear the same hairdos c. broke curfew by staying late at a party they all went to d. brag about drinking beer when their parents are at work
b
A school nurse is providing an educational session for parents of high school students. Which of the following actions should the nurse encourage parents to perform in relation to the moral development of their teenagers? a. threaten a severe consequence if their child breaks any rules b. role-model ethical and moral behavior in their everyday lives c. take their child on a trip to the local jail to show what happened when adults break the law d. require their child to sign an honor pledge never to break house rules or to break the law
b
The mother of a 2 month old who is being seen in the pediatrician's office states, "I am really worries because my child's head is not shaped right.: The nurse should ask a question to obtain which of the following information? a. is the child yet able to roll over by himself? b. Do the parents put the child on his stomach during supervised play? c. Is the child turning his head to follow an object? d. do the parents elicit a smile from the child when they speak to him
b
The parent of a 10 month old is being interviewed by the nurse preceding an examination by the pediatric NP and states, "My baby loves all kinds of food, and he always drinks his milk from a soppy cup, except in the evening when he wants a bottle." Which of the following follow-up questions is the most important for the nurse to ask? a. "have you decided when you will wean you child from the bottle entirely?" b. "Is your child drinking cow's milk from the sip cup and bottle?" c. "Which fruits and vegetables have you fed your child so far?" d. "Have you fed your child any foods that he can feed himself, like cereal or peas?"
b
The school nurse is observing an 18 month old during lunchtime in the nursery school cafeteria. Which of the following behaviors would the nurse expect to see? a. the child eats everything with her fingers. picks up a bottle with 2 hands and drinks b. child uses a spoon but drops quite a bit. Picks up skippy cup with 2 hands and drinks c. The child uses a spoon and drops very little. Picks up a regular cup with 2 hands and drinks with some spillage d. The child uses a fork and drops very little. Picks up a regular cup with 1 hand and drinks with no spillage
b
To promote language development in the adolescent. Parents, educators, and health-care professionals should encourage teenagers to perform which of the following activities? a. surf the internet b. read a variety of literature c. engage in public speaking d. write letters
b
A nurse monitoring a preterm baby with RSV bronchiolitis notes that the baby is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress. Which of the following signs did the nurse observe? Select all that apply. a. huffing b. tachypnea c. nasal flaring d. expiratory grunting e. intercostal retractions
b,c,d,e
A 2½-year-old boy is being seen by the primary health-care provider for a well-child checkup. Which of the following statements by the mother would indicate a need for teaching? a. "I bought a potty seat and put it into the bathroom next to the toilet. Johnny sits in it sometimes." b. "I worry that Johnny will get too close to the hot oven, so I put him in his playroom and have him play by himself with his toys while I'm making dinner." c. "When Johnny has a bottle with him in his crib, he goes to bed so much more easily. He drinks the water, and it helps him to go to sleep." d. "My husband and I converted Johnny's crib into a toddler bed because he climbed out of the crib twice last week."
c
A mother reports to the nurse that she administers a vitamin to her toddler every morning. The nurse should praise the mother for using which of the following methods of administration? a. Mother gives her child a vitamin each morning. When doing so, she states, "Here's your medicine. It tastes just like candy." b. Mother leaves the vitamin pill bottle on the kitchen table. In the morning, mother states, "Take out your vitamin, and chew it up good." c. Mother locks the vitamins in the medicine cabinet. When giving her child the vitamin, mother states, "Remember, only Mommy is able to give you the medicine." d. Mother keeps the vitamins on top of the refrigerator. When giving the child the vitamin, mother states, "Remember, you must never climb on the counter to get your vitamins."
c
A nurse is caring for an 18 month old child who is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of diarrhea and a weight loss of 4%. The nurse notes that the child's serum sodium and potassium levels are: 140 mEq/L and 4.8 mEq/L, respectively. Which of the following orders by the primary health-care provider would the nurse expect to receive? a. restriction of all dairy products b. IV fluid with potassium added c. feedings of oral rehydration therapy d. bouillon soup for lunch and dinner
c
The mother of a 1 month old states that she is curious as to whether her infant is developing normally. Which of the following developmental milestones would the nurse inform the mother that the infant is expected to perform at this age? a. rolling from back to front b. smiling and laughing out loud c. turning head from side to side d. holding a rate for ten seconds
c
The nurse is interviewing a parent of a 2½-year-old child. The parent states, "We are very careful about what our child eats and drinks. For example, we always give our child bottled water to drink." Which of the following responses is most appropriate for the nurse to make? a. "That is an excellent practice. It is so important for children to learn to drink water." b. "I am so glad to hear that. Many children consume drinks that contain empty calories." c. "Many parents give their children bottled water, but unless you have been told that your water is dangerous, it is fine to serve water from the tap." d. "It is your choice to serve your child bottled water, but it is important to check the bottle to see what substances may have been added to the water."
c
A school nurse is providing an educational session regarding actions parents can take to assess whether or not their child is engaging in risk-taking behavior. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply a. periodically search their child's room for illicit substances b. the morning after a party, ask their child what drinks and foods were served c. have a conversation with their child when the child returns home from a date d. before allowing their child to leave for the evening, know where the child will be e. be alert for changes in the child's usual behavior, including a change in friendship groups
c,d,e