PEM3930 - Exam II Review - Chapters 5, 9, and 8
Build a medical term that means "involuntary muscle contraction."
Myospasm breaks into myo (muscle) + spasm (involuntary contraction) = involuntary muscle contraction.
What is the correct breakdown of the medical term neuroarthropathy into its component parts?
Neuroarthropathy breaks into neuro (nerve) + arthro (joint) + pathy (disease).
Build a medical term that means "nerve tumor."
Neuroma breaks into neuro (nerve) + oma (tumor) = a nerve tumor.
Build a medical term that means "reconstruction of a nerve."
Neuroplasty breaks into neuro (nerve) + plasty (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a nerve.
What root refers to the spinal cord or bone marrow?
Myel/o refers to the spinal cord or bone marrow
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term myelocele?
Myelocele breaks into myelo (spinal cord) + cele (hernia) = a hernia of the spinal cord.
Which drug relieves pain? A) Analgesic B) Anticonvulsant C) Antipsychotic D) Anxiolytic E) Hypnotic
Answer: A
Build a medical term that means "removal of a piece of the skull." A) Craniectomy B) Craniomalacia C) Cranioplasty D) Craniostenosis E) Craniotomy
Answer: A Explanation: Craniectomy breaks into crani (skull) + ectomy (removal) = removal of a piece of the skull
Which root refers to the tough outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord? A) dur/o B) gangli/o C) mening/o, meningi/o D) myel/o E) phren/o
Answer: A Explanation: Dur/o refers to the tough outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term encephalalgia? A) encephal (brain) + algia (pain) = brain pain B) encephal (head) + algia (pertaining to) = pertaining to the head C) encephal (nerve) + algia (written record) = written record of the nerves D) en (upon) + cephal (brain) + algia (recording) = recording upon the brain E) en (upon) + cephal (head) + algia (condition) = condition upon the head
Answer: A Explanation: Encephalalgia breaks into encephal (brain) + algia (pain) = brain pain.
Which nerve is responsible for carrying impulses toward the central nervous system? A) Afferent nerve B) Different nerve C) Efferent nerve D) Negative nerve E) Positive nerve
Answer: A Explanation: The afferent nerve is responsible for carrying impulses toward the central nervous system
The widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain is known as a: A) cerebral aneurysm. B) cerebral arteriosclerosis. C) cerebral atherosclerosis. D) cerebral embolism. E) cerebral thrombosis.
Answer: A Explanation: The widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain is known as a cerebral aneurysm.
Choose the best definition for hemorrhagic stroke. 71 A) A loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow to the brain due to a hematoma. B) A loss of brain function caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain due to the rupture of a blood vessel. C) A loss of brain function caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain due to blockage. D) A temporary loss of brain function caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain due to the rupture of a blood vessel that usually resolves within 24 hours.
Answer: B Explanation: A hemorrhagic stroke is a stroke (a loss of brain function caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain) due to the rupture of a blood vessel.
Build a medical term that means "inflammation of the brain and meninges." A) Cerebellitis B) Cerebromeningitis C) Encephalitis D) Encephalomyelitis E) Meningitis
Answer: B Explanation: Cerebromeningitis breaks into cerebro (brain) + mening (meninges) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the brain and meninges.
Build a medical term that means "bad feeling or sensation." A) Cephalodynia B) Dysesthesia C) Encephalalgia D) Neuralgia E) Paresis
Answer: B Explanation: Dysesthesia breaks into dys (bad) + esthesia (feeling or sensation) = bad feeling or sensation
Translate the medical term encephalomyeloneuropathy as literally as possible. A) Disease of the brain, muscles, and nerves B) Disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves C) Disease of the brain, head, and nerves D) Disease of the head, spinal cord, and nerves E) Disease of the head, muscles, and nerves
Answer: B Explanation: Encephalomyeloneuropathy breaks into encephalo (brain) + myelo (spinal cord) + neuro (nerve) + pathy (disease) = disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Which term refers to the time between seizures? A) Clonus B) Interictal C) Postictal D) Preictal E) Tonic
Answer: B Explanation: Interictal breaks into inter (between) + ictal (seizure) = time between seizures.
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term anesthetic?
Anesthetic breaks into an (not) + esthestic (feeling, sensation) = a drug that causes loss of sensation
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term neurolysis? A) neuro (nerve) + lysis (incision) = incision into a nerve B) neuro (nerve) + lysis (loose) = destruction of nerve tissue C) neuro (nerve) + lysis (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a nerve D) neuro (nerve) + lysis (removal) = removal of a nerve E) neuro (nerve) + lysis (suture) = suture of a nerve
Answer: B Explanation: Neurolysis breaks into neuro (nerve) + lysis (loose) = destruction of nerve tissue
A loss or decline in mental function is called: A) aphasia. B) catatonia. C) dementia. D) dyslexia. E) dyskinesia.
Answer: C Explanation: Dementia is a loss or decline in mental function.
Translate the medical term hydrocephaly as literally as possible. A) "Large head condition": abnormally large head B) "Pus head condition": accumulation of pus in the brain C) "Small head condition": abnormally small head D) "Water head condition": abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
Answer: D Explanation: Hydrocephaly breaks into hydro (water) + cephal (head) + y (condition) = abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
Translate the medical term monoplegia as literally as possible. A) "Half partial paralysis": partial paralysis on half of the body B) "Half paralysis": paralysis on half the body C) "One partial paralysis": partial paralysis of one limb D) "One paralysis": paralysis of one limb E) "To disable": complete loss of sensation and motor function
Answer: D Explanation: Monoplegia breaks into mono (one) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of one limb.
Build a medical term that means "nerve pain." A) Cephalodynia B) Dysesthesia C) Encephalalgia D) Neuralgia E) Paresis
Answer: D Explanation: Neuralgia breaks into neur (nerve) + algia (pain) = nerve pain.
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term synesthesia? A) syn (away) + esthesia (feeling, sensation) = feeling or sensation away from the nerves B) syn (toward) + esthesia (feeling, sensation) = feeling or sensation toward the nerves C) syn (toward) + esthesia (pain) = pain toward the nerves D) syn (with, together) + esthesia (feeling, sensation) = together sensation; condition where one sensation is experienced as another E) syn (with, together) + esthesia (pain) = with pain
Answer: D Explanation: Synesthesia breaks into syn (with, together) + esthesia (feeling, sensation) = together sensation; condition where one sensation is experienced as another.
Which drug dissolves clots? A) Analgesic B) Anticonvulsant C) Anxiolytic D) Hypnotic E) Thrombolytic
Answer: E Explanation: A thrombolytic is a drug that dissolves blood clots.
Build a medical term that means "disease affecting multiple nerves." A) Mononeuropathy B) Neuroarthropathy C) Neuropathy D) Poliomyelitis E) Polyneuropathy
Answer: E Explanation: Polyneuropathy breaks into poly (many) + neuro (nerve) + pathy (disease) = disease affecting multiple nerves.
Translate the medical term cerebral thrombosis as literally as possible
Cerebral thrombosis breaks into cerebr (brain) + al (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot.
What is the correct breakdown of the medical term encephalomyelitis into its component parts?
Encephalomyelitis breaks into encephalo (brain) + myel (spinal cord) + itis (inflammation).
What root refers to the nerve bundle?
Gangli/o refers to the nerve bundle.
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ganglioma?
Ganglioma breaks into gangli (ganglion) + oma (tumor) = tumor of the ganglion (nerve bundles)
Translate the root/suffix paresis.
Paresis is the root meaning "slight or partial paralysis."
Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term polyneuritis?
Polyneuritis breaks into poly (many) + neur (nerve) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of multiple nerves.
Translate the medical term postictal as literally as possible.
Postictal breaks into post (after) + ictal (seizure) = after seizure.
Translate the medical term subdural hematoma as literally as possible.
Subdural hematoma breaks into sub (beneath) + dur (dura) + al (pertaining to) + hema (blood) + toma (tumor) = blood tumor located beneath the dura.
CHAPTER 5
The Nervous System