Penny Review Chapter 12: Face & Neck

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is a hot or cold thyroid nodule more likely to be malignant

cold

what type of gland is the thyroid gland

endocrine

what structure may be confused for a thyroid or parathyroid mass bc of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland

esophagus

what is associated with congenital muscular torticollis

fibromatosis colli

all of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except thyroxine iodine triiodothyonine calcitonin

iodine

what does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormones

iodine

normally, how many parathyroid glands are found within the adult neck

4

what vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes

CCA

a 30 yr old patient presents with hx of weight loss, hair loss and hyperthyroidism. you note that the patient has bulging eyes. what do you suspect?

graves disease

which abnormality is associated with the sono finding of a thyroid inferno

graves disease

what is the most common form of salivary gland cancer

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

what is the duct that drains the submandibular gland

wharton duct

a normal lymph node will not measure more than

1cm

a thyroid isthmus that measures more than _____ is indicative of thyroid enlargement

1cm

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?

Graves disease

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

a cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely

branchial cleft cyst

parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient

calcium

all of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyriod nodule except anechoic nodule eggshell calcs hyperechoic nodule cold nodule

cold nodule (hot is associated with benign, cold is associated with malignancy)

the fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is

colloid (can result in those colloid cysts)

all of the following are sono findings of an abnormal lymph node except round shape echogenic hilum calcs enlargement

echogenic hilum (this is normal and should be there)

all of the following are sono findings of malignant thyroid nodules except internal calcs hyperechoic mass cervical node involvement solitary mass

hyperechoic mass

what best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node

hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum

which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe

longus colli

a 45 yr old female patient presents w/ a palp neck mass 6 months following a thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. what is the most likely cause of this bump

lymphadenopathy

what is the most common form of thyroid cancer

papillary carcinoma

what is elevated serum calcium associated with

parathyroid adenoma

a patient with hypercalcemia presents for a neck US. what abnormality should be suspected

parathyroid adenoma (parathyroid has to do with calcium**)

what gland is located immediately anterior to the ears

parotid

psammoma bodies are

punctate calcific deposits

the superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is called

pyramidal lobe

what is the term for stones within the salivary duct

sialolithiasis (sial means saliva)

what is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture leading to dysfunction of the salivary glands, dryness of the eyes, nose, skin and mouth

sjogren syndrome

what muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe

sternocleidomastoid

which muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect

sternocleidomastoid

what muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland

strap

what is the first branch of the ECA

superior thyroid artery

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as

thyroglossal duct cyst

what hormone is the most abundantly produced by the thyroid

thyroxine

In the presence of hashimotos thyroiditis the thyroid produces

too few thyroid hormones


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