Penny Review Chapter 12: Face & Neck
is a hot or cold thyroid nodule more likely to be malignant
cold
what type of gland is the thyroid gland
endocrine
what structure may be confused for a thyroid or parathyroid mass bc of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland
esophagus
what is associated with congenital muscular torticollis
fibromatosis colli
all of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except thyroxine iodine triiodothyonine calcitonin
iodine
what does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormones
iodine
normally, how many parathyroid glands are found within the adult neck
4
what vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes
CCA
a 30 yr old patient presents with hx of weight loss, hair loss and hyperthyroidism. you note that the patient has bulging eyes. what do you suspect?
graves disease
which abnormality is associated with the sono finding of a thyroid inferno
graves disease
what is the most common form of salivary gland cancer
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
what is the duct that drains the submandibular gland
wharton duct
a normal lymph node will not measure more than
1cm
a thyroid isthmus that measures more than _____ is indicative of thyroid enlargement
1cm
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism?
Graves disease
What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
a cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely
branchial cleft cyst
parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient
calcium
all of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyriod nodule except anechoic nodule eggshell calcs hyperechoic nodule cold nodule
cold nodule (hot is associated with benign, cold is associated with malignancy)
the fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is
colloid (can result in those colloid cysts)
all of the following are sono findings of an abnormal lymph node except round shape echogenic hilum calcs enlargement
echogenic hilum (this is normal and should be there)
all of the following are sono findings of malignant thyroid nodules except internal calcs hyperechoic mass cervical node involvement solitary mass
hyperechoic mass
what best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node
hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum
which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe
longus colli
a 45 yr old female patient presents w/ a palp neck mass 6 months following a thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. what is the most likely cause of this bump
lymphadenopathy
what is the most common form of thyroid cancer
papillary carcinoma
what is elevated serum calcium associated with
parathyroid adenoma
a patient with hypercalcemia presents for a neck US. what abnormality should be suspected
parathyroid adenoma (parathyroid has to do with calcium**)
what gland is located immediately anterior to the ears
parotid
psammoma bodies are
punctate calcific deposits
the superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is called
pyramidal lobe
what is the term for stones within the salivary duct
sialolithiasis (sial means saliva)
what is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture leading to dysfunction of the salivary glands, dryness of the eyes, nose, skin and mouth
sjogren syndrome
what muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe
sternocleidomastoid
which muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect
sternocleidomastoid
what muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland
strap
what is the first branch of the ECA
superior thyroid artery
Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as
thyroglossal duct cyst
what hormone is the most abundantly produced by the thyroid
thyroxine
In the presence of hashimotos thyroiditis the thyroid produces
too few thyroid hormones
