Pharm 1
what is the combination of azathiprine, cyclosporine, and prednisone used to accomplish?
- immune suppression - the question asking about this combination was relating the use of these meds for preoperative period of kidney transplant
why will you see an argon laser being used?
- in the treatment of vascular and pigment d/o's
why is meperidine not administered within 4 hours of birth?
- it can cause respiratory depression in a neonate
why is nifedipine used to treat preterm labor?
- it inhibits myometrial activity by preventing calcium influx
what medication is used to prevent postpartum utrine atony and hemorrhage?
- methylergonivine - should not be used to induce labor or during spontaneous abortion
what OTC meds are used to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis?
- miconazole - clotrimazole
what medication can cause abnormally small eyes in a neonate?
- nitrofurantoin
what condition is contraindicated for the use of ginseng therapy?
- pregnancy
what is the antidote for heparin overdose?
- protamine sulfate
what derm issue is treated using intralesional corticosteroids?
- psoriasis
rifampin can cause a normal discoloration of the urine - what is the color?
- reddish-orange
what kind of medication is levomilnacipran and what is a common side effect of this class of medications?
- serotonin/norepi reuptake inhibitor - bruxism
how long will methimazole take to work on hyperthyroidism?
- several weeks
what is the purpose of diltiazem?
- slow the HR (will seen being used in patients with SVT)
how does glyburide work?
- stimulates beta cells in pancreas to create insulin
what is the use of diethylstilbestrol?
- synthetic estrogen
benzathine penicillin G is used in the treatment of what STI?
- syphilis
for what is tinidazole used?
- trichomoniasis
what herbal supplement is contraindicated for cardiac disease?
- valerian root
why is Rho-D immune globulin administered?
- when the mother is Rh (-) and the babe is Rh (+) - this med is given to prevent Rh incompatibility in the next pregnancy - IM
how is chlamydia treated?
- 1g azithromycin PO one time
for bilateral adrenalectomy - how often are corticosteroids administered?
- 2x/day - early (8am) and in the later afternoon (before 4pm) to mimic normal corticosteroid production and also to prevent insomnia
what is a side effect of prolonged used of fertility medication?
- DVT - constipation is a less serious, but can become problematic SE.
how can you discern between inflammation and IV infiltration?
- IV infiltration will be cool to the touch
selegiline is what kind of med?
- MAOI
what is dermatophytosis?
- a fungal infection that occurs on the skin in multiple patches.
to what are patients at more or a risk for when taking clozapine alongside a SSRI?
- agranulocytosis
which antihypertensive medication is contraindicated in a breastfeeding parent?
- antenolol (enters breast milk and can cause adverse effects)
benztropine
- anticholinergic
where does furosemide act?
- ascending limb of loop of henle
why is lactulose used for patients with cirrhosis?
- binds ammonia for excretion - excessive diarrhea
what conditions are contraindicated for the use of St. John's Wort?
- bipolar - schizophrenia - Alzheimer's
what are the MOAs of neuroleptic medications?
- block access at dopamine receptors - increase uptake of serotonin at postsynaptic sites
how does methimazole work?
- blocks thyroid hormone synthesis
what medication may be prescribed to prevent osteoporosis?
- calcitonin
what second generation antipsychotic is considered to be the most effective second generation antipsychotic?
- clozapine
what medication may cause gynecological malignancies?
- diethystilbestrol
what medication is used to manage nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease?
- dinoprostone
what is a medication that may cause male external genitalia malformations?
- dutasteride
how does raloxifine work?
- estrogen antagonist
what is the maximum IM dose for a preschooler?
1.0mL
what cytokine is used to treat multiple sclerosis?
Beta-interferon
haloperidol commonly causes what?
EPS
acetylsalycylic acid aka
aspirin
A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for myasthenia gravis - what is the MOST specific diagnostic test?
a. electromyography b. pyridostigmine test c. edrophonium chloride test d. hx of physical deterioration c. b/c this test uses a medication that blocks cholinesterase and increases the action of Ach and provides short term muscle strength. This allows us to see that Ach degradation is the issue and that MG is the diagnosis.
which medication may cause photophobia?
a. nifedipine b. alendronate c. clomiphene d. indomethacin c.
what medication is used to induce abortion?
mifepristone
Truvada
the first drug approved to reduce the risk of HIV infection in uninfected individuals who are at high risk of HIV infection and who may engage in sexual activity with HIV-infected partners.
