Pharm 1

what is the combination of azathiprine, cyclosporine, and prednisone used to accomplish?

- immune suppression - the question asking about this combination was relating the use of these meds for preoperative period of kidney transplant

why will you see an argon laser being used?

- in the treatment of vascular and pigment d/o's

why is meperidine not administered within 4 hours of birth?

- it can cause respiratory depression in a neonate

why is nifedipine used to treat preterm labor?

- it inhibits myometrial activity by preventing calcium influx

what medication is used to prevent postpartum utrine atony and hemorrhage?

- methylergonivine - should not be used to induce labor or during spontaneous abortion

what OTC meds are used to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis?

- miconazole - clotrimazole

what medication can cause abnormally small eyes in a neonate?

- nitrofurantoin

what condition is contraindicated for the use of ginseng therapy?

- pregnancy

what is the antidote for heparin overdose?

- protamine sulfate

what derm issue is treated using intralesional corticosteroids?

- psoriasis

rifampin can cause a normal discoloration of the urine - what is the color?

- reddish-orange

what kind of medication is levomilnacipran and what is a common side effect of this class of medications?

- serotonin/norepi reuptake inhibitor - bruxism

how long will methimazole take to work on hyperthyroidism?

- several weeks

what is the purpose of diltiazem?

- slow the HR (will seen being used in patients with SVT)

how does glyburide work?

- stimulates beta cells in pancreas to create insulin

what is the use of diethylstilbestrol?

- synthetic estrogen

benzathine penicillin G is used in the treatment of what STI?

- syphilis

for what is tinidazole used?

- trichomoniasis

what herbal supplement is contraindicated for cardiac disease?

- valerian root

why is Rho-D immune globulin administered?

- when the mother is Rh (-) and the babe is Rh (+) - this med is given to prevent Rh incompatibility in the next pregnancy - IM

how is chlamydia treated?

- 1g azithromycin PO one time

for bilateral adrenalectomy - how often are corticosteroids administered?

- 2x/day - early (8am) and in the later afternoon (before 4pm) to mimic normal corticosteroid production and also to prevent insomnia

what is a side effect of prolonged used of fertility medication?

- DVT - constipation is a less serious, but can become problematic SE.

how can you discern between inflammation and IV infiltration?

- IV infiltration will be cool to the touch

selegiline is what kind of med?

- MAOI

what is dermatophytosis?

- a fungal infection that occurs on the skin in multiple patches.

to what are patients at more or a risk for when taking clozapine alongside a SSRI?

- agranulocytosis

which antihypertensive medication is contraindicated in a breastfeeding parent?

- antenolol (enters breast milk and can cause adverse effects)

benztropine

- anticholinergic

where does furosemide act?

- ascending limb of loop of henle

why is lactulose used for patients with cirrhosis?

- binds ammonia for excretion - excessive diarrhea

what conditions are contraindicated for the use of St. John's Wort?

- bipolar - schizophrenia - Alzheimer's

what are the MOAs of neuroleptic medications?

- block access at dopamine receptors - increase uptake of serotonin at postsynaptic sites

how does methimazole work?

- blocks thyroid hormone synthesis

what medication may be prescribed to prevent osteoporosis?

- calcitonin

what second generation antipsychotic is considered to be the most effective second generation antipsychotic?

- clozapine

what medication may cause gynecological malignancies?

- diethystilbestrol

what medication is used to manage nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease?

- dinoprostone

what is a medication that may cause male external genitalia malformations?

- dutasteride

how does raloxifine work?

- estrogen antagonist

what is the maximum IM dose for a preschooler?

1.0mL

what cytokine is used to treat multiple sclerosis?

Beta-interferon

haloperidol commonly causes what?

EPS

acetylsalycylic acid aka

aspirin

A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for myasthenia gravis - what is the MOST specific diagnostic test?

a. electromyography b. pyridostigmine test c. edrophonium chloride test d. hx of physical deterioration c. b/c this test uses a medication that blocks cholinesterase and increases the action of Ach and provides short term muscle strength. This allows us to see that Ach degradation is the issue and that MG is the diagnosis.

which medication may cause photophobia?

a. nifedipine b. alendronate c. clomiphene d. indomethacin c.

what medication is used to induce abortion?

mifepristone

Truvada

the first drug approved to reduce the risk of HIV infection in uninfected individuals who are at high risk of HIV infection and who may engage in sexual activity with HIV-infected partners.