Pharm exam 2 prepu questions
A 4 year old has been prescribed an anticholinergic medication. The nurse should instruction the parents to monitor and report changes in basic function
Urinary output
When assessing a client for possible adverse effects of direct-acting cholinergic agents, what might the nurse find?
Urinary urgency
A client has recently been prescribed a drug that treats hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of which?
an adrenergic antagonist.
A 78-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with bradycardia resulting from overdose of donepezil. The nurse knows that the ED is likely to order which medication?
atropine
A new patient has come to the clinic. The patient tells the nurse that the patient takes Aricept. It would be important for the nurse to assess the patient's medical and medication history because many bodily functions are affected by the:
cholinergic medications' ability to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system.
How does concurrent administration of anticholinergic drugs impact the effects of donepezil?
decreases the efficacy of donepezil
Anticholinergic drugs are used in ophthalmology to
dilate the pupils.
The nurse prepares to administer a preoperative anticholinergic to a client. What is a desired effect based upon the characteristics of the prescribed medication?
dry mucous membranes
Because of the systemic effects of anticholinergic drugs, patients using these drugs are more susceptible to:
heat stroke related to decreased perspiration.
Which observation might indicate that timolol is achieving the desired effect in a client?
intraocular pressure decreases
Which medication is a synthetic catecholamine prescribed for the treatment of bradycardia?
isoproterenol
A 70-year-old man with diabetes mellitus is taking metoprolol (Lopressor) to manage his hypertension. The nurse would be sure to instruct the patient to:
understand the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is on a drug regimen of midodrine*to treat hypotension. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis to include in the care plan of this patient?
Disturbed sensory perception (visual, kinesthetic, tactile) related to CNS effects
Clients with what disorder should not be given anticholinergic drugs?
Glaucoma
A hospitalized client's serum glucose level is 160mg/dL. Which hormone is most likely being secreted and leading to this elevated lab value?
Glucocorticoid
A resident of a long-term care facility receives 12.5 mg metoprolol (Lopressor) at 8 AM and 8 PM daily. Before administering this drug, the nurse should perform and document what assessment findings?
Heart rate and blood pressure
Which symptom, if assessed after the administration of donepezil (Aricept), would be cause for alarm?
Reports of nausea, vomiting, and cramping
Which sign demonstrated by a client one anticholinergic medication therapy should the nurse treat as an adverse reaction?
Hypohidrosis
The client is receiving Bethanechol for bladder atony. What assessment findings indicate the effect of this medication?
Increased urinary output
A client is administered atropine to increase the heart rate. What is the action of atropine?
It blocks the parasympathetic vagal stimulation.
A nurse tells a patient to take a prescribed glucocorticoid in the morning based on the understanding that:
This time mimics the normal peak diurnal concentration levels.
A male client has been a paraplegic for 5 years. He reports increased incontinence, and the health care provider orders anticholinergic medication. What is the reason for this decision?
To increase bladder capacity
A nurse is monitoring a patient with Alzheimer's disease for initiation of therapy. In which patient is the administration of donepezil contraindicated?
A patient with asthma
A 50-year-old female patient who has pernicious anemia asks you why vitamin B12 must be administered parenterally. What is the best response to her question?
"Oral forms of vitamin B12 will not be absorbed."
A patient arrives in the emergency department (ED) with bradycardia. Atropine is the drug of choice to treat this bradycardia. What dosage would you expect the physician to order?
<0.5 mg
Which client is most likely to benefit from the administration of an adrenergic agonist?
A man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction
A 75-year-old male client is experiencing extrapyramidal symptoms secondary to an antipsychotic drug. Which drug would the nurse expect the health care provider to order to relieve these symptoms?
Anticholinergics
The health care provider is preparing to administer edrophonium to confirm myasthenia gravis in a 47-year-old male client. What other drug must be available when edrophonium is administered?
Atropine
What would a nurse expect to administer if a client who is receiving isoproterenol develops a severe reaction?
Beta-adrenergic blockers
A client is experiencing urinary retention after surgery. The nurse would anticipate administering:
Bethanechol
A patient is brought to the emergency department following a bicycling accident. The patient is diagnosed with multiple injuries, including bladder obstruction. What might occur if this patient is administered a cholinergic drug?
Bladder rupture
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is to be administered isoproterenol. Which change monitored in the patient should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?
Changes in pulse rate
Which agent would be most appropriate to administer to a client with Alzheimer's disease?
Donepezil
A 70-year-old female patient has just been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. What cholinergic drug is used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease?
Donepezil (Aricept)
Which assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the administered isoproterenol is effective?
Improved cardiac contractility
The nurse administered donepezil (Aricept) to a patient. What is the therapeutic response the nurse expects to assess?
Improved memory
Which physiological changes can be caused by glucocorticoids? (Select all that apply.)
Increased glucose production Oily skin Fat deposition
A patient who is receiving an immune modulator has been admitted to the unit. What would be a priority action by the nurse?
Protect the patient from exposure to infection.
The client has been prescribed a cholinergic agonist. Which statement is true concerning the administration of cholinergic agonists?
The parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated by these medications.
A client has been prescribed the nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker, timolol for the treatment of open angle glaucoma. What instructions should the nurse provide to assure the effectiveness of the medication?
The proper method for instilling eye drops
Which best reflects the action of direct acting cholinergic agonists?
They occupy receptor sites for acetylcholine.
