Phase 2 TBS

Identify Marine Corps assault support planning considerations, to support the ground scheme of maneuver and meet the commander's intent

Capabilities, Limitations, Vulnerabilities, ASLT support aircraft.

make ethical decisions when there is no reference or guidance IAW the TBS Five Horizontal Themes

5 Horizontal Themes of TBS: • A man or woman of exemplary character • Devoted to leading Marines 24 / 7 • Able to decides, communicate, and act in the fog of war • A warfighter who embraces the Corps' warrior ethos • Mentally strong and Physically Tough

Types of Searches

Hasty, Detailed, Strip

Naval Vessel Detainee considerations

Detention of EPW on board naval vessels will be limited. EPW recovered at sea may be temporarily held on board as operational needs dictate, pending a reasonable opportunity to transfer them to a shore facility, or to another vessel for transfer to a shore facility. EPW may be temporarily held aboard naval vessels while being transported between land facilities. They may also be treated and temporarily quartered aboard naval vessels incidental to their treatment, to receive necessary and appropriate medical attention if such detention would appreciably improve their health or safety prospects. Holding of EPW on vessels must be temporary, limited to the minimum period necessary to evacuate them from the combat zone or to avoid significant harm that would be faced if detained on land. Use of immobilized vessels for temporary holding of EPW is not authorized without Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) approval.

define detainee segregation considerations

Male and Female. Officer and Enlisted. Military and Civilian. Ethnic groups. Old and Young. EPWs that are wounded are entitled to medical assistance and will not be denied immediate first aid or medical care, as appropriate. However, priority for medical care will go to friendly casualties first.

NVD Overview- Night Aiming Devices

"Advanced Target Pointer Illuminator Aiming Light" (ATPIAL), aka --> PEQ-15 (NOT our PEQ-16's)

ASLT Support Vulnerabilities

- Attack by enemy air defense weapons systems during the movement phase. - Attack by NBC systems, because of limited NBC protection and decontamination - Attacks (ground, air, artillery) during the loading and unloading phases - Electronic warfare (jamming), due to the heavy reliance on radio communications for command and control.

Layout of the pickup zone

- Release Point - Contains a staging area and the MACO gate. This is where sticks will organize themselves prior to passing through the MACO gate and moving to their designated load assembly area. Sticks should be staged 15 minutes prior to the scheduled wave liftoff. - Load AA - Each aircraft will have its own load assembly area. The sticks loading each specific aircraft will stage in its load assembly area when directed by the MACO. - Securing the zone. The inherent vulnerability of aircraft on the ground requires providing necessary amount of security to preserve the force. For larger zones, securing the zone with a portion of the force (while the remainder stages in an assembly/staging area) may work. If the zone is small, securing the entire perimeter with the force may suffice.

Given a scenario, explain the decision cycle (OODA) process without omission.

-Observe - ourselves, EN, Environment, & anticipate EN's move -Orient - Use SA to plan -Decide - decision becomes our plan and is communicated through orders -Act - Execute. Since this action has changed the situation, the cycle begins anew

Loading Plan

-Review the total number (by type) of assault support aircraft available. -Determine stick organization -Plan the layout of the pickup zone. -Determine the sequence of loading personnel and materials and establish their priority. (initial wave = more combat power, and include bump plan)

Given subordinate units, while operating in a changing situation, with time available, having previously issued a five paragraph order, issue a fragmentary order to provide an update to the tactical plan.

A fragmentary order (or "Frag-O") is "an abbreviated form of an operation order, usually issued on a day-to-day basis that eliminates the need for restating information contained in a basic operations order. It may be issued in sections." Fragmentary orders are often necessary due to enemy action. Remember "no plan survives contact with the enemy." Expect fragmentary orders in most operations. They can only be issued if a complete combat order (known as a base order) has been previously issued. Fragmentary orders should cover only the information that has changed since the issuance of the base order. Frequently, the information changed pertains to enemy situation, mission, and execution of the plan. Fragmentary orders are an important technique to keep orders short. (In order to alleviate any potential confusion, if there are no changes to a particular paragraph, subparagraph, or section, the order issuer shall state the name of the section and "No changes.")

Ethics

A set of standards or a value system by which free, human actions are ultimately determined as right or wrong, good or evil.

Stick

A stick is the organizational unit used in assault support operations. The intent is that a stick will not be broken down any further. (Part of loading plan) The intent is that a stick will not be broken down any further. When forming sticks consider the following: - Unit integrity. Fire teams and squads are maintained and loaded on the same aircraft; likewise, platoons are in the same wave. - Tactical spread loading. An essential consideration, as loads should be planned so that all leaders or all similar weapon systems are not loaded on the same aircraft. Thus, if an aircraft is lost, the mission is not seriously hampered. - Employ the stick leader. The senior member of each stick has several responsibilities that exist in both the administrative and tactical environments. These responsibilities include: mustering, organizing, and inspecting the stick in the assigned assembly area; preparing the manifest containing the name, rank, service number, and blood type of each individual in the stick (to be left with the MACO); supervising the embarkation/debarkation of the stick which involves includes directing members of the stick to an assigned sector/portion of the LZ, ensuring all gear and supplies are taken from the aircraft, etc. - Size. Smaller numbers increase flexibility, larger numbers are easier to control. Size is largely dependent on the type of operation.

Given subordinate units and an order, while considering the situation and time available, issue a warning order to facilitate concurrent preparation of subordinate units with reconnaissance and detailed planning.

A warning order is "a preliminary notice of an order or action which is to follow." It is issued by the commander at the outset of receipt of an order from higher. The warning order is issued prior to beginning the planning process (i. e. th e " B" i n BAMCIS) in order to allow subordinate leaders and units to maximize their preparation time. At the conclusion of your initial planning, a warning order can be re-issued or updated. In order to create a warning order, it is ideal that you identify all the pertinent information categorized within the 5-paragraph order format from higher. At a minimum a warning order contains the situation, mission, general instructions and specific instructions. There are different methods of disseminating the information to your Marines. You can verbally issue the warning order, post the warning order, or verbally issue and then post the order, which is the preferred method. Don't delay issuing a warning order because you don't have all the information you would like to have. Once more information is received you can publish a second warning order or update the previously issued warning order.

identify the report format for detainees

Accurate,timelyreportingisessential. Ensure that the 5W's (Who,What,Where, When, Why) are reported to higher as soon as possible. Who: State the name(s), gender(s), status (military, civilian, etc) of detainee(s) Report the capturing unit and the reporting unit. What: Acknowledge whether detainee or EPW (if known). Report the reason for detainment, the operation being conducted during Detainment/custody and actions that were taken by the detainee/EPW and the detaining/reporting unit during custody/capture. Where: Notify higher of the grid coordinate(s) of detainment and grid coordinate(s) of current location. Report all other details (room/building, city/province/state, etc). When: State date time group (DTG) of detainment and current DTG of report. Why: Report reason for detainment and what supporting documentation has been acquired/created to ensure proper custody.

6 Tactical Tenets

Achieving a Decision Gaining the Advantage Being Faster Adapting Cooperating Exploiting Success and Finishing

develop administration and logistics plan to accomplish the mission

Administration: The unit commander will explain his plan for all administrative issues in this subparagraph. He will specify locations and points of contact for all wounded in action (WIA), killed in action (KIA), and Enemy prisoners of war (EPWs) during the operation. This includes a detailed casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) plan to move the casualty to the next higher echelon of care. The Commander will also designate a point of contact (POC) for these events. These events need to be briefed in parts based on critical events or TCMs that the commander has identified so that all levels understand when to transition and the actions that need to occur during that phase/part. Logistics: In this subparagraph, the unit commander presents his plan for all logistics issues. In addition, he identifies the preparations for receiving required equipment for the operation. Resupply issues are also briefed, such as time/location and priority of units

Given a terrain model, map overlay or graphic, make use of a terrain model, map overlay, or graphic, during an orders brief to reinforce understanding of the order.

All terrain model kits will contain the following items: Yarn- o 3m white yarn for grid lines o 3m black yarn for roads and trails o 3m blue yarn for rivers, streams, and bodies of water o 3m yellow yarn for phase lines and boundaries o 3m of green yarn for utility purposes Laminated 3" x 5" unit symbols and operational graphics- o friendly and enemy fire team, squad, and platoon symbols o Tactical control measures (TCMs), to include the assembly area (AA), attack position (AtkPos), assault position (AsltPos), line of departure (LD). o light and heavy mortars, machine guns, and assault weapons o support by fire position symbol o fire team and squad defensive position symbols o check point and listening post (LP)/observation post (OP) symbols o 10 blank cards (grid lines, indirect fire targets, etc)

EPW Search Team

An EPW Search team consists of a cover-man and a search-man. The cover-man is responsible for providing protection for the individual who is conducting the search of an EPW. The cover-man is armed and positions himself in such a manner that he never has the search-man between himself and the EPW (i.e. search-man and cover-man are at a 90 degree offset. This may require that the cover-man move around the EPW as the search is being conducted. The cover-man should remain alert; approximately 4-6 feet from the search man and never take his eyes off the EPW.

develop coordinating instructions to accomplish the mission

Any instructions that are not included in tasks and that pertain to two or more subordinate units are included in this subparagraph. The unit commander will identify many general details that are imperative for mission success. Some details include a timeline, priority of rehearsals, lost Marine plan (by phase), a no-communications plan, establishment of priorities of work, the designation of a base unit, all TCMs, the Mission Oriented Protective Posture (MOPP) level, go/no-go criteria, abort criteria, and immediate action (IA) drills. If a Warning Order is published and disseminated prior to the Operations Order being given and contains any of the information listed previously, then a Commander can save time during his brief by stating "no change" to subjects that remained constant from the Warning Order to the Verbal Operations Order. As always, leaders must ensure they supervise to insure all information is known by subordinates.

Given an evaluation, write the troop leading steps without omission.

BAMCIS 1. Begin Planning 2. Arrange Reconnaissance and Coordination 3. MakeReconnaissance 4. Complete the Plan 5. IssuetheOrder 6. Supervise

Given a mission from higher, develop an initial estimate of the situation to publish a warning order.

Begin Preliminary Estimate of the Situation: i. This preliminary METT-TC is not detailed ii. Goal is to produce a Warning Order - a "preliminary notice of action" iii. Develop an initial Course of Action - this will be refined through detailed planning/analysis. You want your subordinates to understand the basics of the operation. Warning Order Issue- Preliminary Notice of Action: a. Issued immediately upon receipt of mission to subordinates to aid in their planning and preparation. b. Include,aminimum,the same elements given to you in higher's WARNO/OPORD/FRAGO. It should state: i. Your mission ii. What you KNOW about the enemy iii. How you tie into higher's plan iv. Task Organization v. Any relevant specific instructions c. Issue Use terrain model, sketch or map if practical.

define capabilities and limitations of assault support operations

Capabilities: Vertical assault operations allow Marines to: - Attack enemy positions from any direction - Overfly or bypass barriers and obstacles and strike objectives in otherwise inaccessible areas - Conduct deep attacks and raids beyond the forward line of our own troops - Rapidly concentrate, disperse, or redeploy to extend the area of influence - Provide responsive reserves allowing commanders to commit a larger portion of their forces to action - Conduct fast paced operations over extended distances - Rapidly reinforce committed units - Conduct night terrain flight with the use of night vision devices, which allows them to locate a landing zone and land without illumination Limitations: These factors may negatively affect vertical assault operations: - Severe weather, extreme heat and cold, and other environmental conditions such as blowing snow and sand that limit flight operations, aircraft lift capability, or flight visibility - Reliance on airborne communication - Reduced ground mobility once inserted - Limited accessibility to supporting arms, especially indirect fires - Increased logistical considerations (fuel, maintenance, spare parts, facilities, and aircraft availability)

Prior to Pickup

Conduct final coordination with the AMC. Plans will change from the time you initially request aviation support. Stage units and material in the PZ in accordance with the staging and loading plan.

Landing Plan

Consists of the ground commander's guidance concerning the desired time, place, and sequence of arrival of units. -LZ Selection -Alternates - L-Hour. The basis for planning the timing of the operation is L-Hour. L- Hour is the time when the first aircraft in the first lift is to touch down in the LZ. - Initial actions on the LZ. - Fire support assets such as CAS and indirect fires. - As a general rule, the smallest tactical unit to land in one wave in a landing zone should be a platoon. - All members need to understand their mission immediately upon exiting the aircraft to include initial direction of movement and LZ security sectors. A *Platoon guide* should be used to help direct them into position.

Assault Support Operations

Defined as the tactical movements of Marines, weapons, and material by assault support aircraft to support the ground tactical plan. Assault support operations are deliberate, precisely planned and vigorously executed combat operations designed to allow friendly forces to strike over extended distances and terrain barriers to attack when and where the enemy is most vulnerable. They are conducted with maximum speed, flexibility, and timeliness.

identify anomalies as threat or non-threat/utilize optics to detect anomalies/establish a baseline, to facilitate detection of anomalies./distinguish anomalies from baseline to determine threats.

Detecting Anomalies - 9 Elements of Visual Perception: Line, Edge and Outline, Shape, Contrast or Value, Color, Texture, Rhythm & Flow, Movement, Light, Positive & Negative Space,

identify the ethics of the situation

Develop an understanding of situational pressures that may affect the decision making of you and your Marines. (Stanford Prison Experiment)

Define the doctrinal development cycle in MCDP 1-3

Doctrine establishes the fundamental beliefs of the Marine Corps on the subject of war and how we practice our profession. Doctrine establishes a particular way of thinking about war and our way of fighting, a philosophy for leading Marines in combat, a mandate for professionalism, and a com- mon language. Doctrinal development benefits from our collective experience and distills its lessons to further education and training. Our doctrine within the Marine Corps begins with the philosophy contained in MCDP 1, Warfighting. This philosophy underlies publications in the Marine Corps Warfighting Publications series that contain tactics, techniques, and procedures for specific functions. This body of thought helps form Marine tacticians through its implementation in education and training. (See figure.)

define detainee safeguard considerations

Don't be racist, don't be abusive, *don't give food or water until questioned, don't put EPW near obvious targets, repatriation (return) of EPWs should not be considered until directed by higher, special naval vessel EPW considerations,

Terrain Model Tips

Ensure that "north" on the terrain model is always really "north." All markings should coordinate with the colors used on a map. For instance, blue yarn should be used for water features while black yarn should be used for roads or trails. (However, white yarn is typically used for grid lines.) *To avoid wasting time reading grid coordinates several times during the order and to eliminate any possible error during transcription, write the grid coordinates on laminated white cards and include them on the terrain model.* Ensure the labels can be seen from as far away as possible; you want to provide your Marines as much information as possible. Include grid coordinates for the following: o TCMs. o Objectives. o Check Points. o Targets. Specifically in the defense, ensure that you identify final protective lines (FPLs) and principal direction of fires (PDFs) for the crew-served weapons systems.

Given a mission and commander's intent, develop a mental estimate of the situation using METT-TC to accomplish the mission.

Estimate of the Situation, denoted by the acronym METT-TC, is simply mission analysis. It is a continuous, cyclic, process during the course of an operation and is a critical responsibility of the commander. A platoon commander must analyze all factors of METT-TC in as much depth as time and quality of information will allow. The factors in METT-TC are not always analyzed sequentially. The goal is to make reasonable deductions. More importantly, analysis never ends - inputs and feedback aid essential refinements in mission analysis. This ultimately prepares the commander and his/her unit to make the appropriate decision efficiently. METT-TC begins upon receipt of mission, in the Begin the Planning step of BAMCIS but it does not end until the mission is complete. The goal is to arrive at the best answer in the least time possible in order to generate advantage over the enemy.

Evacuate

Evacuate is required in getting the EPWs humanely evacuated to a designated Collection Point. The Collection Point is a specific area where the prisoners are kept until coordination is made to move the EPWs to a permanent holding facility. The coordination to move the EPWs will be done as soon as possible and the Unit Leader will determine how the EPWs will be safely moved to the rear for questioning by the unit S-2 or appropriated HUMINT/CI personnel. For evacuation purposes, EPWs are classified as walking wounded, non-walking wounded or sick. Walking wounded EPWs are evacuated through military police EPW evacuation channels. Non-walking wounded and the sick are delivered to the nearest medical aid station and evacuated through medical channels.

define the characteristics of a fragmentary order

Fragmentary orders should cover only the information that has changed since the issuance of the base order. Frequently, the information changed pertains to enemy situation, mission, and execution of the plan.

Given a unit, a mission with a commander's intent, and with supporting and attached units, determine Higher, Adjacent and Supporting (HAS) to accomplish the mission and meet the commander's intent.

Higher and Adjacent Units: Identify higher and adjacent units' SOM and what influence they will have on your SOM. Consider effects on geometries of fire, reinforcement, enemy actions and contingency plans. Fire Support Available: Identify locations, azimuths of fire, contact information, employment, target allocations and any priority of fires of indirect fire support agencies. What are the effects of the supporting units location on your ability to employ its' assets? What are the effects of their priority of fires? Identify any available air assets. What weapons will they bring to the fight? What are the capabilities of their fires? When and how long are they on station?

identify common problems in military ethics

Issuing unclear orders to a subordinate, who may not possess a sound personal code of ethics or who has a "can do anything" attitude, may cause him/her to compromise his/her ethics in the execution of the order. As a result, he/she may give an incorrect report to a superior, use undesirable methods in carrying out the order, or may even commit an illegal act out of fear of the consequences that will result if the mission is not accomplished. Some examples may be: "Gunny, I want the barracks painted. I don't care how you do it!" or, "I want 100% qualification on the rifle range." Obviously these orders are stated in questionable terms that could easily lead to unethical behavior by those executing the orders.

Given an order from higher and a mental estimate of the situation, develop a scheme of maneuver to accomplish the mission.

Keeping in mind the nine Principles of War and the six Tactical Tenets, the commander now develops a plan for their combat power to achieve the Exploitation Plan. This is known as the Scheme of Maneuver (SOM). In this way, the Exploitation Plan is used to achieve unity of effort when developing the SOM. For instance, a commander may decide the Exploitation Plan is to conduct a flanking attack while maintaining surprise with the direction of assault. The detailed execution might be to offset the support-by-fire position 90 degrees from the direction of assault, making the enemy think they are being attacked from a completely different direction. The commander's SOM must focus on integrating all subordinate (organic and attached) elements within their respective capabilities to achieve the Exploitation Plan.

Bump Plan

Loading doesn't always go to plan. For example, certain variables can change the space available and weight limits on the aircraft. Have a plan to account for these unforeseen changes. Smaller stick sizes add flexibility to the bump plan.

Ethics Handout References

MCDP 1 -Warfighting MCRP 6-11B - Marine Corps Values: A Users Guide for Discussion Leaders SECNAVINST 5370.2H - Standards of Conduct and Government Ethics MCWP 6-11, Leading Marines MCRP 6-11d, Sustaining the Transformation Marine Corps Manual Title X of U.S. Code Code of Conduct

Deliberate Attack

MCDP 1-0 defines a deliberate attack as "a type of offensive action characterized by pre-planned and coordinated employment of firepower and maneuver to close with and destroy the enemy." Deliberate attacks are used when there is no need to rapidly exploit an enemy weakness, or when a hasty attack will not defeat the enemy. Deliberate attacks rely on analytical decision-making for detailed planning that coordinates all available resources to allow the unit to close with and destroy the enemy. Even in detailed planning there will be no 100% solution—there is still a need to maintain the tempo of the offense and execute the plan before changes on the battlefield render it obsolete. Commanders must continue to train and gain experience that will make their planning more timely, efficient, and effective. This lesson will deal with the planning and execution of a platoon deliberate attack.

Hasty Attack

MCDP 1-0 defines a hasty attack as "an attack when the commander decides to trade preparation time for speed to exploit an opportunity." A hasty attack is used when a fleeting opportunity must be rapidly exploited. There is minimal time for planning and coordination, so many of the detailed planning considerations used for deliberate attacks will be abbreviated or eliminated altogether. Hasty attacks rely on intuitive vice analytical decision-making, and orders are usually brief and sometimes even given over the radio. To be successful, hasty attack plans must be simple and flexible, and execution will rely heavily on unit SOPs and battle drills to replace the lack of detail in the order. Realistic training and experience will greatly increase a unit's proficiency at hasty attacks.

identify Marine Corps Values publications

MCRP 6-11B: Marine Corps Values- A Users Guide for Discussion Leaders,

Initial Tactical Planning process

METT-TC --> EMLCOA --> CG/CV/EXP --> SOM --> FSP --> Tasks

develop an initial estimate of the situation

METT-TC: Mission, Enemy, Terrain, Troops available, Time, and Civilian considerations. A mnemonic used by the United States military to help commanders remember and prioritize what to analyze during the planning phase of any operation.

Key Personnel for ASLT Support

Mission Commander (MC), Air Mission Commander (AMC), Assault Force Commander (AFC), Pickup Zone Control Officer (PZCO), Marshalling Area Control Officer (MACO), Aircrew (includes Pilot).

Given a mission, implement Marine Corps Warfighting concepts to accomplish the mission.

Mission: pass this exam. Concept: study ass off.

identify ways to raise situational awareness by orienting mental processes to the situation.

Modifying Situational Awareness - Cooper's Color Code: White-You are relaxed, unaware of your surroundings, and not prepared to react to anything. Heart rate is between 60 and 80 beats per minute (BPM). Yellow-You are in a relaxed state of alert and have a general awareness of what is going on around you. You do not perceive any threats, but you are looking for and are aware of possible threats. This state can be maintained for a long period of time. Heart rate is between 60 and 80 BPM. Orange-You are at a heightened state of alert and are getting ready to deal with a threat. Your mind is preparing for the reaction to the threat. This state cannot be maintained for a long period of time, and your body will want to revert to a state of yellow when the threat is gone. Heart rate is between 60/80 and 115 BPM. Red- You are reacting to the threat and are in a fighting state of mind. You are executing the plan you developed while in a state of orange. You may experience focus lock, tunnel vision, and other adrenaline effects (shaking, sudden bursts of energy). Heart rate is between 115/145 and 175 BPM. Black-You are in a state of catastrophic breakdown of mental and physical performance. This usually occurs when you are forced to react to a threat that you have not been able to prepare for, like when you go from white or yellow straight to black. Heart rate will be greater than 175 BPM.

How Night Vision Technology Works

NVGs are electro-optical devices that intensify (or amplify) existing light instead of relying on a light source of their own. Image intensifiers capture ambient light (which comes from the stars, moon, or sky glow from distant manmade sources, such as cities) and amplify it thousands of times by electronic means to display the battlefield to a Marine via a phosphor display such as night vision goggles. The devices are sensitive to a broad spectrum of light, from visible to infrared (invisible). Users do not look through NVGs; they look at the amplified electronic image on a phosphor screen. Light enters the NVG through an objective lens and strikes a photo cathode powered by a high energy charge from the power supply. The energy charge accelerates across a vacuum inside the intensifier and strikes a phosphor screen (like a TV screen) where the image is focused. The eyepiece magnifies the image.

conduct observation to detect anomalies/maintain observation, to detect anomalies./perform enhanced observation techniques to detect anomalies./

Observation Theory and Techniques: "see, assess and then communicate", Context and Scanning. Binocular Techniques: Burning through Vegetation, Cresting the Top of Hills, Looking through Holes, Looking into Shadows,

develop a scheme of maneuver to accomplish the mission

Offensive, defensive, patrolling, MOUT and convoy orders' schemes of maneuver each have separate and specific essential elements that must be included in the unit commander's order. Communication of these elements should be sequential and thorough. (Offensive) Scheme of Maneuver. This section describes the plan by which the unit commander has decided he will exploit the enemy's critical vulnerability. The plan must be anonymous so as not to create the potential for subordinate units to isolate their attention to solely their role. The plan must be sequential so as to create a chronological structure to the operation which translates into clarity among subordinates and order recipients. The plan must be thorough and include all required information but not belabor details. When communicating this portion of the order, once again unit commanders must "walk the dog" during the scheme of maneuver, which entails physically manipulating some graphic along a physical representation of the terrain through the various tactical control measures. There are five essential elements of the offensive scheme of maneuver which include: *Distribution of Forces, Form of Maneuver, Direction of Attack, TCMs, and Consolidation*. Distribution of Forces. The commander should specify the breakdown of his forces. This consists of identifying a Main Effort (where the commander looks to "weight" a unit as his bid for success, MCDP 1 establishes this as the priority for support and the focus of the units combat power.) and several Supporting Efforts (where combat power is economized). This must be specified for all subordinates. Form of Maneuver. The commander must specify the form of maneuver to be incorporated in the operation. The forms of maneuver are: frontal attack, flanking attack, envelopment, turning movement, infiltration, and penetration. (as per MCDP 1-0: 7-16) While at TBS, you will focus on using either the frontal or flanking attack. Direction of Attack. The unit commander should specify the direction of attack. This direction indicates the general direction from the Assembly Area (AA) to the Objective. Direction of attack is the direction of movement upon crossing the line of departure (LD). TCMs. The commander must brief sequentially all the tactical control measures used within the operation and the required actions at each. These are the geographic locations that exist for the unit commander to "assign responsibility, coordinate fire and maneuver, and control operations." Examples include the Assembly Area (AA), the Attack Position, the Line of Departure (LD), a Release Point (RP), the Assault Position, and the Objective. They should be identified to all subordinates during the order as well as being shown of the terrain model. Consolidation: The unit commander should specify his plan for actions upon consolidation. This can be distributed into assignments by utilizing the clock method (10-2 o'clock, 2-6, 6- 10) to assign areas of responsibilities to subordinate units. This should also include information pertaining to security, resupply, and casualty evacuation among other concerns.

identify the ethics of systems

Officers are naturally expected to behave responsibly, both personally and professionally. Officers promote just behavior in their subordinates by setting, enforcing, and publicizing high standards. Good training and leadership will prevent irresponsible actions in peacetime or combat. If you have done your job in creating an appropriate command climate where discipline, responsibility, and good judgment define your unit, the Marines and Sailors will weather the morally corrosive effects of combat and continue to fight with success and pride. Elements of the military system are: obedience, cohesion, discipline, culture, training and education, trust and in the center - the leader.

MV-22B "Osprey"

PAX = 24 Speed: 280kts

CH-53E "Super Stallion"

PAX = 37 (55 if centerlines are installed) Use 30 PAX for planning, more than 30 pax requires a waiver to be signed by the MAW Commander. *FOR TEST* PAX = 24 Speed: 150kts

UH-1Y "Venom"

PAX = 8 Speed: 160kts

Morals

Pertaining to or concerned with right conduct or the distinction between right or wrong. Morality covers the extensive field of personal and social behavior.

identify METT-TC considerations for Marine Aviation assault support

Planning Considerations, Key Personnel, 5 Stages of Planning, Execution of Vertical ASLT, Landing Zone brief.

Execution of the Vertical Assault

Prior to Pickup, Loading Procedures, Conduct of the Landing: Tactical Insertions, Tactical Extractions

RCO (BZO) Battle Sight Zero

RCO can be zeroed using two methods. First Method: 100m BZO is the preferred method. o Uses the top tip of the chevron to aim in on the target. o Fire three rounds. o Find the center of the grouping. o Adjust the center of the grouping both vertically and horizontally. Three clicks will move the impact of the round one inch at 100m. Second Method: 33m BZO (36 yard) o Use the 300m aim point. o Fire three rounds. o Find the center of the grouping o Adjust the center of the grouping both vertically and horizontally. Nine clicks will move the impact of the round

Given an order from higher, conduct a map reconnaissance in accordance with the troop leading steps.

Reconnaissance: The nature and type of recon conducted must be evaluated by the amount of information needed, the risk to leaders conducting the recon, and time available. Use the RFI's from "Make a Tentative Plan", submit to higher or work with recon unit to collect information. Transmit assumptions from METT-TC to whoever is conducting recon - these become Priorities of Reconnaissance. a. Map/Image/Other patrols or units i. Intelligence Officer - S2 ii. Combat Operations Center (COC) iii. Past patrol or unit actions in the area b. Physical Recon i. Weigh Risk/Reward of physical recon 1. 2. 3. Leader's Reconnaissance - insert, route, coordination, time Recon led by subordinate or adjacent units Other available assets - Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR) ii. Include subordinate leadership in recon effort - this includes any non-physical recon.

Professional Ethics

Refers to and deals with additional ideals and practices that grow out of one's professional privileges and responsibilities. Professional ethics apply to certain groups, e.g., the military, and are an attempt to define situations that otherwise would remain uncertain and to direct the moral consciousness of the members of the profession to its peculiar problems. For example, the military defines situations and prescribes correct behavior for its members in documents such as the Code of Conduct and the Law of Land Warfare.

identify Marine Corps ethics publications

SECNAVINST 5370.2H: Standards of Conduct and Government Ethics

identify detainee search procedures

Same gender, hand rifle off to cover man, take away EN weapons, dead/wounded check, head to toe, take intel docs. Do not take: ID card, religious items, PPE, clothing, food, high value personal items, Take: Weapons, compass, map, or other items which can facilitate escape. Give receipt to EPW of any confiscated items.

Given subordinate units and an order, while considering the situation and time available, issue a five paragraph order to communicate a complete, realistic, and tactically sound plan that accomplishes the mission.

Several nations have agreed to use the format contained in standard agreement (STANAG 2014). Most Marines will recognize it as the five-paragraph order format, otherwise known as SMEAC. Nearly all combat orders used by the US Armed Forces and NATO allies are based on all or part of the five-paragraph format. (See Appendix A.) Remember one of the Principles of War is "Simplicity." A short, simple order that efficiently conveys your will is superior to a lengthy, complicated order that invites ambiguity. Do not allow your decision to become lost in a series of paragraphs, subparagraphs, alpha-numerics, and acronyms. As it clearly states in Planning (MCDP 5), "...content, clarity, and conciseness are more important than format." There are six main sections to the Five Paragraph Order. They are as follows: Orientation I. Situation II. Mission III. Execution IV. Administration & Logistics V. Command & Signal

develop command and signal plan to accomplish the mission

Signal: The Signal subparagraph contains crucial communication-related information such as the established primary/alternate Challenge and Password, primary/alternate/tertiary radio frequencies to be used during the operation, and any other signals (pyro, smoke) that the unit commander has designated to include in his Scheme of Maneuver. A recommended planning process for the signals plan is that it must be Original, Appropriate and Redundant in accordance to what is available and what is the desired effect. The location of a copy of the Communications/ Electronic Operational Instructions (CEOI) should also be briefed. Command: Within this subparagraph, there are two sections: Location of Key Personnel and Succession of Command. o Location of Key Personnel. The unit commander shall specify the location of each key individual throughout the entire operation. If the location of various key personnel is to change due to the determined Scheme of Maneuver, the unit commander shall identify this and disseminate the information to the subordinate units. o Succession of Command. The unit commander shall determine the succession of command among his subordinate unit leaders.

Smoke Parachutes

Smoke parachutes are used for signaling only. They are issued in an expendable launcher that consists of a launching tube and a firing cap. These signals produce a single, perforated colored smoke canister that is parachute-suspended. Types. The current types of smoke parachutes include M128A1, green smoke parachute; the M129A1, red smoke parachute; and M194, yellow smoke parachute. Operation. These signals are fired in the same manner as star clusters. Function. These signals function in the same manner as star clusters. Firing data. Smoke parachutes rise to a height of 200 to 215 meters. The signals emit smoke for 6 to 18 seconds, forming a smoke cloud which persists for 60 seconds. Their rate of descent is 4 meters per second.

Prepare an Extraction marking.

Smoke, air panel, NATO Y, chem lights, IR strobe, and the IR buzzsaw. Do not pass smoke color over radio! - Smoke is preferred method of marking LZ in daylight because it also provides wind direction. - At night, IR strobe or chem lights (IR if available) are the preferred method for marking an LZ.

Star Clusters

Star clusters burn 6 to 10 seconds. Their rate of descent is 14 meters (45 feet) per second.

Star Parachutes

Star parachutes are also used for signaling and illuminating. They are issued in an expendable launcher that consists of a launching tube and a firing cap. These signals produce a single parachute-suspended illuminate star. Types. The current types of star parachutes include the M126A1, red star parachute; the M127A1, white star parachute; and the M195, green star parachute. Operation. These signals are fired in the same manner as star clusters. Function. These signals function in the same manner as star clusters. Firing data. The M126 and M127 series of star parachutes rise to a height of 200 to 215 meters. The M126 buns for 50 seconds and the M127 burns for 25 seconds. Their average rate of descent is 2.1 one meters per second. The signal can be seen for 50 to 58 kilometers (30 to 35 miles) at night.

Surface Trip Flares

Surface trip flares outwardly resemble antipersonnel mines or hand grenades. Their primary use is to warn of infiltrating troops by illuminating the field. They may also be used as signals or as booby traps. When activated, the flare produces 50,000 candlepower of illumination.

Phase 2 Exam TLOs (Some not covered in this POI)

TBS-AVI-1001 Given a mission, scheme of maneuver, and commander's intent, identify Marine Corps heliborne planning considerations to support the ground scheme of maneuver and meet the commander's intent. TBS-DEMO-1001 Given munitions, while wearing a fighting load, employ pyrotechnics to support the scheme of maneuver and commander's intent. TBS-PAT-1013 Given a unit, an order, and an area to patrol from, while motorized, mechanized, or dismounted with or without assault support, and operating in the full range of environmental conditions, lead a unit in patrolling operations to accomplish the mission and meet the commander's intent.

Tactical Extractions

Tactical extractions use the same principles as tactical insertions except in reverse.

incorporate the fire support plan from higher to develop a complete, realistic, and tactically sound plan that accomplishes the mission

Task-Purpose-Method-Effect (TPME) • Task: Divert, Delay, Disrupt, & Limit (Enemy focused) • Purpose: IOT support the friendly SOM (Sets the condition) • Method: Priority, Allocation, & Restrictions (Company Level). Plt Cmdr locates targets available and refines from Company (Method) and briefs TTLODAC as his/her Method. T arget (Target # or type of target) T rigger (When to fire the target) L ocation (Minimum 6 digit grid) O bserver (Primary & Alternate) D elivery System (Mortars, Arty, Air) A ttack Guidance (Ammo, special instructions) C omm Net (Co Tac, Arty COF) • Effect: Destroy, Neutralize, Suppress, Screen, & Obscure (Quantifiable based on enemy)

Pickup Zone Control Officer (PZCO)

The AFC can be the PZCO but typically designates a PZCO (either a FAC or air officer) from the supported unit of each pickup zone (PZ). The PZCO organizes, controls, and coordinates operations in the PZ and pushes elements out of the PZ. The PZCO has overall control of the PZ and must have communication with the Marshalling Area Control Officer (MACO) and the aircraft. During extraction from a landing zone (LZ) the PZCO will fulfill the role of the MACO and shall be the last to leave the LZ.

Air Mission Commander (AMC)

The AMC is the senior Marine aviator designated commander of the aviation unit tasked to support an assault support operation. Depending on the size and scope of the MAGTF, the AMC may also be the ACE commander. The AMC is subordinate to the mission commander and is co-equal to the AFC in planning. During execution, specific authority will be delegated from the mission commander to the AMC. The AMC is responsible for planning and executing all aviation functions relative to the assigned assault support mission and must establish liaison with the Assault Force Commander (AFC) to conduct concurrent and parallel planning.

Marshalling Area Control Officer (MACO)

The MACO is responsible for all movement on the PZ, maintains accountability of personnel and material within the PZ, and ensures the proper execution of the staging and loading plans. The MACO must have communication with the PZCO and the aircraft. The MACO will establish a 'gate' in order to account for all personnel embarking on each aircraft which will be checked against the units' manifest. All manifests will be maintained by the MACO as a record of embarked personnel.

RCO

The RCO (also known as the ACOG) is a day and night dual source illuminated telescopic sight with a tritium illuminated reticle pattern designed for the M-16 family of weapons. The RCO system uses fiber optics to provide a low light and night aiming capability and eliminates the need for batteries. The RCO incorporates Tritium Lamp lights in order to illuminate the reticle pattern present in the optic. It is calibrated to accommodate for bullet drop when a round is fired which eliminates the need for adjustments once the system is zeroed with the weapon. It is a four power optic. The USMC fielded the RCO in order to give its Marines the ability identify and accurately engage targets out to 800 meters.

(SDO) Squad Day Optic

The Squad Day Optic is a 3.5 power, day/night, dual source illuminated telescopic sight with a tritium illuminated reticule pattern designed for the M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW) with either the long or short barrel. The SDO uses fiber optics to provide a low light and night aiming capability and eliminates the need for batteries. Similar to the RCO, the SDO incorporates Tritium Lamp lights in order to illuminate the reticule pattern present in the optic. The reticule pattern is also similar to the RCO, in that itiscalibratedtoaccommodateforbulletdropwhenaroundisfired. Thiseliminates the need for adjustments once the sight is zeroed to the weapon. The SDO also incorporates a ruggedized miniature reflex sight (RMR) bolted to the top of the SDO body. TheRMRprovidesnomagnification,butisdesignedtoengagetargetsatclose rangeswhenspeediscritical. TheUSMCisfieldingtheSDOinordertogiveM249 gunners the ability identify and accurately engage targets at greater distances.

Air Movement Plan

The air movement plan provides for the control and protection of the assault support force during the air movement. The air movement plan is primarily the responsibility of the AMC, although the ground commander also contributes to its development. The air movement plan is based on the ground tactical plan and the landing plan. It specifies when and how troops, equipment, and supplies will be transported from PZs to LZs. This plan also provides coordinating instructions pertaining to ingress/egress routes, air control points, aircraft speeds, altitudes, and formations which are decided by the AMC.

Assault Force Commander (AFC)

The commander of the aircraft landing force, the AFC is the ground officer who has been designated commander of the assault support force and is charged with execution and accomplishment of the ground tactical plan. Depending on the size and scope of the MAGTF, the AFC may also be the GCE commander. The AFC is subordinate to the mission commander and is equal to the AMC in planning. During execution specific authority will be delegated from the mission commander to the AFC. The AFC is responsible for execution of the ground tactical plan and must establish liaison with the Air Mission Commander (AMC) to conduct concurrent and parallel planning.

STRESS

The commanding officer of the capturing unit will ensure that as soon as an EPW is captured or turned over, the following routine security guidelines are followed. These guidelines are: Search Tag Report Evacuate Segregate Safeguard They are commonly referred to as the "STRESS." Previously referred to as "5 S's and a T."

The Art of Tactics

The creation, positioning and maneuver of combat power.

Tactical Insertions

The landing is executed with maximum speed. Following the ceasing of prep fires, the initial wave lands and establishes security for follow-on waves. To ensure security, the initial wave will seize key terrain and cover likely avenues of approach. As soon as the aircraft touches down you are cleared to debark. As subsequent waves arrive in zone, the LZ is enlarged. Follow-on waves will continue to enlarge the zone; once the last wave has arrived, movement out of the LZ should be quick and deliberate.

"The 300 Mil Rule"

The mil is an angle of measurement that is much smaller than a degree (17.8 Mils are equal to 1 Degree). We can approximate 300 Mils by fully extending both the thumb and pinky and positioning the hand to the right and left of the front sight post of the weapon. When Marines rush next to one another, it is important not to engage downrange when a Marine comes within the 300 mil buffer in order to limit the risk of fratricide. For this reason, Marines must limit the length of their rushes to distances that will enable their buddy to continue engaging enemy.

Loading Procedures

The only Marines that should be exposed in the LZ will be the LZ control team. Plan for scenarios involving enemy contact at any time during the operation. Loading Sequence: Stick leader initiates movement once the aircraft has landed and is signaled by the aircrew. Stick moves to the aircraft in file with the stick leader leading the file and the assistant stick leader bringing up the rear.

Mission Commander

The overall commander of the operation, the mission commander's presence and role ensures a unity of command throughout the operation. Elements of the ground combat element (GCE), ACE, and combat service support element (CSSE) that form the assault support task force will be placed under the mission commander's direct command. The MAGTF commander may be the mission commander depending on the scope of the assault support operation.

Aircrew

The pilot is responsible for the overall safe conduct of the flight and has the final say on all matters concerning the aircraft. Pilots work in concert with the Crew Chief(s) who are the experts of their platform and control the back of the aircraft. When in doubt look to the aircrew for direction. To ensure your safety, don't approach the aircraft until signaled to do so. FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS COMING FROM THE AIRCREW

The Probabilistic view of combat

The probabilistic view of combat recognizes that the complexity and uncertainty of war is un-predictable, which thus leads to a more decentralized approach to control. We place greater trust in subordinates to achieve a desired result.

Application of Base Unit Concept

The squad leader positions himself next to the team leader of the team designated as the base unit. The squad leader controls the squad by using the base unit fire team leader. If the base unit becomes pinned down or otherwise unable to continue movement forward as a result of an enemy surface, the squad leader can quickly reposition himself with another fire team and continue with the attack using a new base unit. The squad leader, using the fighter/leader concept, dictates speed and direction. The fighter/leader concept allows squad leaders to establish direction and speed of unit movement by their own individual movements and positioning near the base fire team. The fire team leaders must be: Able to move short distances to the left, right, forward, and back during movement Careful to guide off the general direction and speed of the base unit so as not to fire into other teams

Staging Plan

The staging plan is based on the loading plan and prescribes the arrival time of ground units (troops, equipment, and supplies) at the PZ in the proper order for movement. - Assign sticks to serials. A serial is group of one or more sticks used to manage a large numbers of sticks. One or multiple serials can get on each aircraft which is normally dictated by unit SOP as is serial number development (Example: Serials 1001 and 1002 will embark on the 1st and 2nd aircraft of the first wave... serials 2001 and 2002 will embark on the 1st and 2nd aircraft of the second wave) - Loads must be ready before aircraft arrive at the PZ; ground units are expected to be ready in the PZ 15 minutes before aircraft arrival. - Each stick needs to know their serial and the time they are expected to be staged in the staging area.

identify the ethics of values

The standards of our Corps run the spectrum of ideals, from not leaving our dead on the battlefield, to not going without a haircut even while on leave. But the Code of Ethics for Marines can be summed up in three words: honor, courage, and commitment. These values are the guiding beliefs and principles that give us strength, influence our attitudes, and regulate our behavior.

military ethics

The statement of professional ethics applied to a specific group, i.e. the military.

Ground Tactical Plan

The tactical planning process for assault support operations should appear very similar to a typical infantry attack though it should additionally include the planning considerations covered earlier. The AFC must plan for and task- organize all assets available. The plan should include contingency plans and go/no-go criteria. - Specifies actions in the objective area, which accomplish the mission. - Is constructed and conducted with all the elements of a typical infantry attack except that it capitalizes on the speed and mobility of the vertical assault.

Given an evaluation, identify the five stages for planning an assault support operation, without omission.

There are five stages of planning for the conduct of assault support operations. Typical of most operations, we plan in reverse from the ground tactical plan which involves actions on the objective to the staging plan that details the PZ layout. This topic will be covered in the order that you will plan.

identify virtue ethics

There are many approaches within the study of ethics. Here we advocate Virtue Ethics. It would be unrealistic to attempt to develop an exhaustive list of actions for every situation and environment Marines may face. The Virtue Ethics approach focuses on the character of the person as opposed to specific moral rules or moral actions. A person should strive to be virtuous, to have a good character: - Instead of relying on a list of do's and don'ts, ask yourself, "What kind of person do I want to be?" - Develop your self-knowledge. - Raise your awareness of factors that may influence you, despite your good character, to make the wrong choices. - The only constant is you. The only things you can control are your actions. - You can influence your Marines' actions and you can help / provide opportunities for your Marines to develop their own self-knowledge.

NVD Overview- Passive Night Sights

Thermals, Ambient light NVDs,

The Deterministic view of combat

This "deterministic" view argues that combat is predictable. The deterministic view of combat often leads to centralized control.

develop commanders intent to support achievement of higher's mission

This subparagraph is described in terms of three components: the Purpose of the operation, Method of exploitation and desired Endstate. Remember, as per Warfighting, "Understanding the intent of our commander allows us to exercise initiative in harmony with the commander's desires....A clear expression and understanding of intent is essential to unity of effort." (MCDP 1) Example Commander's Intent: "The purpose is to prevent the EN from interfering with Company E ME attack on Bn Obj 2. The EN's center of gravity is their machine guns, which provide interlocking fires in their engagement area. Their critical vulnerability is their exposed flank. We will exploit this by conducting a flanking attack away from their engagement area and identifying and focusing fires against their machine guns as these are the EN's center of gravity. The endstate is to deny the EN the ability to interfere with the Co ME Atk. The EN on Co OBJ 2 and Plt Obj 1 are destroyed, and 1st PLT conducts successful link up with E Co (-) on BN OBJ 2."

Landing Zone (LZ) Brief

Transmit as applicable: Zone Location: Geographical feature, checkpoint, road intersection, etc. This can include the name of the LZ if it is previously briefed. Marked By: Air panel, buzzsaw, chem lights, IR strobes, smoke, talk-on, etc. Obstacles: Power lines, trees, etc. Include height of obstacle. This includes obstacles within the LZ. Winds are from _________: Tell aircraft which sub-cardinal head are winds are blowing including estimated speed in knots or estimated speed such as strong or light. Winds under 5 knots may be called as calm or light and variable. For reference, 1 knot = 1.2 mph **Aircraft will always want to land into the wind** Friendlies: Direction and distance from LZ and orientation. Enemy: Direction and distance from LZ and orientation. Most recent activity and type. Remarks: Any other pertinent information. Can include LZ dimensions, slope, composition, landing point form the mark, features to aid in identification, etc. Example LZ Brief: "Dustoff 01, LZ location NU 123 456, marked by smoke, there are power lines 400m north running E-W, Winds are from the N a 5 knots, friendlies located 20m west of the smoke, LZ will be dusty with possibility of brown out."

Given a scenario, distinguish ethically sound actions to maintain exemplary character and uphold the Corps Values of Honor, Courage, and Commitment.

Urination Incident My Lai Case Study Haditha Case Study

Define Tactics

the art and science of winning engagements and battles.

How Night Vision Devices Work

When all the wavelengths of the visible light spectrum strike your eye at the same time, white is perceived. Thus, visible light is sometimes referred to as white light. Technically speaking, white is not a color at all, but rather the combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum. If all the wavelengths of the visible light spectrum give the appearance of white, then none of the wavelengths would lead to the appearance of black. Once more, black is not actually a color. Technically speaking, black is merely the absence of the wavelengths of the visible light spectrum. So when you are in a room with no lights and everything around you appears black, it means that no wavelengths of visible light are striking your eye as you sight at the surroundings.

moral dilemma

a situation that requires a choice between equally undesirable alternatives.

AN/PVS-14

he PVS-14 (see diagram below) allows the user to see at night using moonlight or starlight. The PVS-14 is a GEN III image intensification device similar in performance to the previously-used PVS-7 NVGs, yet smaller, lighter, and more versatile. PVS-14s can be • Hand-held • Carried in the utility uniform pocket • Head-mounted • Helmet-mounted • Mounted to a weapon

The Science of Tactics

lies in the technical application of combat power--techniques such as marksmanship and navigation.

AN/PRC-152

o 2 versions (V1), all features except external GPS (USMC version) and (V2) all features including external GPS o Transmission Range: o VHF- 0 to 5 miles. o UHF LOS - (Line of Sight) dependent o UHF SATCOM - 22,300 miles dependant on atmospheric conditions o Frequency Range: (VHF, UHF, UHF SATCOM) 30-511.999 MHz o 99 programmable system presets o Can operate on both DAMA (Demand Assigned Multiple Access) and dedicated SATCOM channels o Capable of both voice and data communications o Capable of SINCGARS frequency hopping at 2320 available channels at 100 channels per second o Submersible up to 2 meters standard (20 meter submersible option used by Special Operations units) o Power Source: Rechargeable Lithium-Ion (Li-ION) Battery o Power Output: 0.25, 2, 5 watts (50 watts utilizing a power amplifier) o Weight: 2.6 lbs. (with battery) o Crypto Unit: Internal COMSEC (Type I) o 3 ft Blade Antenna VHF Antenna (30-108MHz) (Here at TBS used to talk VHF in FM 30.000-108 MHz) o Whip Antenna VHF/UHF Antenna (30-512MHz) (Here at TBS will be used for UHF communications to talk to Air in AM 225.000 - 512 MHz)

determine Higher, Adjacent and Supporting (HAS) to accomplish the mission and meet the commander's intent

o Higher's Mission/Intent. Commanders and leaders must be aware of operations two-levels higher to ensure their plan is "nested" with higher. This means that a squad leader must be apprised of the Company's plan, a platoon commander must be appraised of the Battalion's plan, and so on. Therefore, within an order, the mission and intent of the leader one-level higher than the commander issuing the order is communicated to subordinates. At a minimum, higher's complete mission statement and endstate is communicated. o Adjacent Units. This information is included in orders to provide subordinates with sufficient information to understand the operational environment around them in the geo-spatial dynamic. At a minimum, adjacent unit movement and effects of fires are important considerations that must be disseminated to subordinates. A commander must communicate the mission of each adjacent unit in addition to location. This allows a commander and his subordinates to execute the mission of an adjacent unit should he/she be called upon from higher to do so. o Supporting Units. Information on units supporting the operation is provided to inform all subordinates of these assets. For example, any fire support assets should be identified with their locations, azimuths of fire, contact information, employment (General Support (GS) or Direct Support (DS)), and any priority of fires. In addition, any available air assets should also be listed (whether they are capable of CAS or extraction assistance).

AN/PSN-13 (DAGR)

o Signal acquisition using up to 12 channels o All satellites in view are tracked using 11 channels o Navigation using up to 10 channels o L1: Coarse/Acquisition (C/A), Precise (P), and Encrypted P (Y) code capability o L2: Precise (P), and Encrypted P (Y) code capability o Accepts differential GPS signals o One handed operation o Backlit display and keypad for night operation o Operates in all weather, day or night o Produces no signals that can reveal your position o Automatically tests itself during power up o Can operate on +9 to +32 volts direct current (V DC) external power o Can perform area navigation functions, storing up to 999 waypoints o Stores up to 15 routes with up to 1000 legs for each route o Resists jamming o Resists spoofing when crypto keys are installed o Sealed against dust and water to a depth of 1 meter (3 feet) for 20 minutes o Interconnects with other electronic systems o Uses quick disconnect connectors and fasteners to allow easy unit replacement o Compatible with night vision goggles (NVG) and does not cause blooming o Uses internal compass to compute track and ground speed when moving at or below 0.5 meters per second.

AN/PRC-117F

o Transmission Range: o VHF - 0 to 10 kilometers o UHF LOS - (Line of Sight) dependant o UHF SATCOM- 22,300 miles, (Network and channel access dependent) o Frequency Range: (VHF, ,UHF, UHF SATCOM) 30 - 511.999 MHz o 100 programmable system presets o 10 programmable DAMA (Demand Assigned Multiple Access) channels o Can operate on dedicated SATCOM channels o Capable of SINCGARS frequency hopping at 2320 available channels at 100 channels per second o Capable of both voice and data communications o Power Source: BA-5590 (LITHIUM) two each, weight- 1.45lbs o Power Output: 1, 5, 10 Watts (VHF, UHF), 20 Watts (UHF SATCOM) o Weight: 13.8 lbs without batteries, 16.7 lbs. with batteries o Crypto Unit: Internal COMSEC (Type I)

AN/PRC-153

o Transmission Range: 0-5 miles flat terrain, 1 mile with obstacles o 15 Zones 16 channels per zone, 240 channels total o Omni Directional o Frequency Range: (UHF) 380-470 MHz o Power Source: Nickel Cadmium, Nickel Metal Hydride o Power Output: 2.5 - 5 watts o Operational mode: Voice o Encryption: AES 256 bit o Crypto Unit: Internal COMSEC (Type II) o Radio Variations: (V) 1, 2, 3 o Submersible up to 3 meters for 30 minutes o Weight: 19.85 oz with NiCD battery

AN/PVQ-31A

used with the M-16 (20" Barrel)

AN/PVQ-31B

used with the M-4 (14" Barrel)

COM-201B Antenna

• Frequency Range: (VHF) 30 - 87.975 MHz • Operating Range: Maximum of 15 miles using Non- power amplified VHF communications • Erection time: 15 minutes for two Marines utilizing OE 254 mast sections, 2 minutes without • May be elevated using OE-254 mast sections if LOS communications is limited utilizing the antennas 3 extendable legs • Height: 105 inches • Weight: 10Lbs

OE-254 Antenna

• Frequency Range: (VHF) 30 - 87.975 MHz • Operating Range: Maximum of 15 miles using non-power amplified VHF communications • Erection Time: 15 minutes for two Marines • Height: 39 ft • Weight: 42 lbs

Generation 2 Module

• The photocathode converts light to an electric current • The microchannel plate amplifies it • The phosphor screen converts it back to light

AN/PRC-150

• Transmission Range: HF Indefinite (power output, atmospheric conditions, and antenna configuration dependant), VHF 0-10 kilometers. • Frequency Range: (HF, partial low band VHF) 1.6 - 59.999 MHz • Up to 200 preset channels • 75 fully programmable system presets • Capable of frequency hopping • Capable of both voice and data communications • Capable of fixed frequency HF communications partial low band VHF fixed frequency communications • Capable of both ALE and 3G network programming • Power Sources: BA-5590 (Lithium) 2 each, weight- 1.45 lbs. • Power Output: 1, 5, 20 watts (mode dependent). • Weight: 9.9 lbs. without batteries, 11.35 lbs with batteries. • Crypto Unit: Internal COMSEC (Type I)

AN/CYZ-10

• United States National Security Agency-developed, portable, hand-held fill device, for securely receiving, storing, and transferring data between compatible cryptographic and communications. • The CZY-10 is the primary device used to load the Hopset, TSK, TEK into tactical radios for FH mode. • Capable of storing up to 1,000 keys • Maintains an automatic internal audit trail of all security-relevant events • The DTD is capable of keying multiple information systems security (INFOSEC) devices and is compatible with such COMSEC equipment as Single Channel Ground and Airborne

Binocular Holding Positions.

• Unsupported Method - allow your elbows to rest naturally along your body with just enough tension to keep the binoculars steady and to your eyes as you look through them. • Supported Method - resting your elbows or arms on a sturdy tree limb, a vehicle, the prone position, or using a stable sitting position and allowing the binoculars to remain steady as you look through them.