PRACTICE: Hawke: Beginning Statistics: 1.3 The Process of a Statistical Study
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. Select each member of the entire population. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
census NOTE: Some statements include, "each member"; "For _____ purposes," -> "the average".
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A scientist chooses twenty people at random from each math class. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
stratified sampling NOTE: All statements include, "at random", "random number generator".
The ________ will require researchers to fill out documents describing their proposed study in detail. a. Institutional Review Board b. International Review Board c. American Review Board d. Institutional Research Board e. International Research Board f. American Research Board
Institutional Review Board
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. Five fish caught in a bay are measured to determine the overall health of the fish in the bay. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A pollster chooses twenty people at random from each class. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
stratified sampling
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. First, the population is subdivided by class. Then a college student uses a random number generator to select fifty members from each class to study. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
stratified sampling
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. Five cattle are selected and examined for signs of disease. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A random number generator is used to choose twenty-five regions. Then a quality assurance analyst collects data from each person in these regions. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster samplia. census f. convenience sampling
cluster sampling
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A random number generator is used to choose ten cities. Then a biologist collects data from each person in these cities. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster samplia. census f. convenience sampling
cluster sampling NOTE: All statements start with "A random number is used to choose".
Determine whether an observational or experimental study is appropriate to address the following statement. A car wash operator wants to identify his average annual profits. a. observational b. experimental
observational
Determine whether an observational or experimental study is appropriate to address the following statement. A gas station owner wants to find out whether customers are satisfied with the service they receive. a. observational b. experimental
observational
Determine whether an observational or experimental study is appropriate to address the following statement. A gift shop owner wants to identify if a need for additional staffing exists. a. observational b. experimental
observational NOTE: Some statements include "wants to identify".
Determine whether an observational or experimental study is appropriate to address the following statement. A deli cart entrepreneur wants to find out if her customer base is shrinking. a. observational b. experimental
observational NOTE: Some statements include, "wants to find out" or "wants to know".
An experiment in which only the partaker does not realize whether they have been placed in the experimental or control group is ___________. a. single-blind b. double-blind
single-blind
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A random number generator is used to choose ten cities. Then a political strategist collects data from each person in these cities.
cluster sampling
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A medical researcher compares three medical records from patients which a rare blood disease. a. meta-analysis b. case study
meta-analysis
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A meteorologist compares three weather reports from hurricanes to compare for common factors. a. meta-analysis b. case study
meta-analysis
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A police chief compares five newspaper articles about crime prevention. a. meta-analysis b. case study
meta-analysis
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A medical researcher compares ten medical records from patients with a rare blood disease. a. meta-analysis b. case study
meta-anaylsis NOTE: Statement states, "_____ compares # ______".
Select the term which best describes the following scenario. Researchers are investigating a drug to help reduce gastrointestinal issues in individuals with a gluten sensitivity. There is a group that is given pills to take they are told will help, but the pills do not contain the drug. It is studied whether their symptoms are relieved. What can we call the pills this group was given? a. single-blind experiment b. confounding variable c. treatment group d. placebo
placebo
Select all scenarios which demonstrate the use of a longitudinal study. a. A patient with a thyroid condition gets her blood tested every six months to ensure that hormone levels are not rising. b. A professor gives a quiz to her class to determine what topic they are struggling with. c. The city government reviews parking tickets issued each month over a two-year period to determine if there are certain times of the year that generally have higher rates of issuance. d. A budget-conscious person checks the local grocery store circular ads to find the best prices on the items on his shopping list.
A & C
Select all scenarios which demonstrate the use of a cross-sectional study. a. A chain restaurant wants to determine how restaurants are performing in a particular city where the chain is considering opening a new restaurant. b. A business owner reviews how revenue has fluctuated over the years since starting the business. c. An electric company wants to determine their peak hours of usage, so they review their data for energy demand over the past two years. d. A principal wants to determine the number of current students in her high school who plan to attend college.
A & D HINT: You were asked to select all scenarios which demonstrate the use of a cross-sectional study. In a cross-sectional study, data are collected at a single point in time. In a longitudinal study, data are gathered by following a particular group over a period of time. Use these definitions to assess each of the scenarios you were presented with.
To perform a research study, you need to obtain approval from an _________ .
Institutional Review Board
When conducting legal experiments on animals, a researcher needs to obtain consent from the _________ .
Institutional Review Board
When working with humans or animals, the _________ requires extensive proof that no physical or mental harm will occur to the subjects in the study.
Institutional Review Board
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study Your uncle calculates his average mileage, average travel time, and average time of arrival on his commute to work over the last fifteen months. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study Your uncle checks the tires on his care every fifteen days for signs of uneven wear and proper inflation. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A consumer advocate studies a certain model of car based on its performance, value, and quality. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A doctor examines fifteen people from a crowded subway car for signs of carbon monoxide poisoning. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A doctor studies five medical records from patients with a rare blood disease. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A pollster selects fifteen voters from each voting precinct for an exit poll. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A produce manager inspects three ears of corn off a truck before purchasing the load. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. A sports writer studies the batting average, walk to strikeout ratio, and home runs hit for a certain baseball player for ten weeks for an article. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. An underwriter studies the risk of fire destroying a home in a certain area based on multiple risk factors. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. Five bottles of water are sampled to test the purity of a water source. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. One of every three bolts is precisely measured to determine if the machine that produces the bolts is correctly calibrated. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. Tissue samples from fifteen bodies are analyzed for mercury levels. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Classify the following scenario as a meta-analysis or a case study. Your mechanic performs his twenty point checkup on your car to determine how much longer it will last. a. meta-analysis b. case study
case study
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. For budget purposes, a secretary needs to know the average cost of health plans of instructors at their university. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
census
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. Interview each member of the entire population. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
census
Identify the sampling technique used for the following study. A school administrator interviews each member from each of the fifteen randomly chosen math classes at a university. a. census b. stratified sampling c. systematic sampling d. simple random sampling e. cluster sampling f. convenience sampling
cluster sampling NOTE: Statements including, "each member from each ______ randomly".
Select the term which best describes the following scenario. A new painkiller is studied. A group of people with chronic pain participating in the study are administered the drug. It is not identified prior to the study what is causing their pain, and the source of their pain impacts their response to the drug. a. single-blind experiment b. confounding variable c. double-blind experiment d. placebo effect
confounding variable HINT: It may help to review the definitions for the terms you have to choose from. -Confounding variables are factors other than the treatment that cause an effect on the subjects of an experiment. -The placebo effect is a response to the power of suggestion, rather than the treatment itself, by participants of an experiment. -In a single-blind experiment, subjects do not know if they are in the control group or the treatment group, but the people interacting with the subjects in the experiment know in which group each subject has been placed. -In a double-blind experiment, neither the subjects nor the people interacting with the subjects know to which group each subject belongs.
Select the term which best describes the following scenario. A study is done an a new drug designed to lower blood pressure. There are individuals involved in the study who have high blood pressure but are not given the drug. a. single-blind experiment b. placebo effect c. control group d. treatment group
control group HINT: It may help to review the definitions for the terms you have to choose from. -A control group is a group of subjects to which no treatment is applied in a experiment. -A treatment group is a group of subjects to which researchers apply a treatment in an experiment. -The placebo effect is a response to the power of suggestion, rather than the treatment itself, by participants of an experiment. -In a single-blind experiment, subjects do not know if they are in the control group or the treatment group, but the people interacting with the subjects in the experiment know in which group each subject has been placed.
An experiment in which both examiners and subjects do not know into which group a subject has been placed is _________. a. single blinded b. double blinded
double blinded
