PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS Exam 3 IUPUI BIO 212

What do skeletal muscle contractions share in common with smooth muscle contractions?

Both types of contractions result from thick and thin filaments sliding past one another.

What can you tell about a muscle whose name includes the word serratus?

Its appearance is serrated or jagged.

Latrotoxin, produced by the poisonous black widow spider, increases the release of acetylcholine. How do muscle cells respond?

Muscle cells will experience fused or complete tetanus when excess acetylcholine exists.

Question 9Question 9: The deltoid is responsible for __________.

abducting the arm

During muscle contraction, myosin crossbridges bind to active sites on __________.

actin filaments

Triceps brachii and biceps brachii perform opposing actions and are classified as __________.

antagonists

Question 13: Because of their ability to rapidly divide during brain injury, which type of neuroglial cell would be more likely to form a brain tumor?

astrocyte

Question 3: What specific part of the neuron communicates with a target cell and serves as the secretory region of the cell?

axon terminals (synaptic knobs)

Question 5: Bundles of axons known as tracts are part of the __________.

central nervous system

Question 10: The presence of a synaptic cleft between cells is characteristic of __________.

chemical synapse

Question 8: The levator ani inserts on the __________.

coccyx

Muscles with a triangular shape, such as the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, typically have a __________.

convergent fascicle arrangement

The main immediate source of ATP as muscle contractions begin comes from __________.

creatine phosphate

The influx of positive charges makes the membrane potential more positive and is known as __________.

depolarization

Which of the following wraps and surrounds an individual skeletal muscle fiber?

endomysium

Question 3: Where is the origin of the frontalis muscle?

epicranial aponeurosis

During the recovery period after exercise, we breathe deeper and faster. This increased rate of respiration is known as __________.

excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)

Question 7: Which of the following is NOT a muscle of respiration?

external oblique

A series of measurements with a voltmeter show a neuron's membrane potential becoming more negative, from -70 mV to -85 mV. This neuron is experiencing a __________.

hyperpolarization phase

Question 10: What type of contraction requires the greatest amount of tension?

isotonic eccentric contraction

Question 6: What type of ion channel is always open?

leak

Question 4: Which muscle works as an antagonist to orbicularis oculi?

levator palpebrae superioris

Question 5: What is NOT a bone to which the sternocleidomastoid muscle is attached?

mandible

Where are receptors for acetylcholine located?

motor end plate

The most common type of neuron in the human body is __________.

multipolar

Larry's muscles weakened while he played tennis for hours on a hot summer afternoon. This inability to maintain intensity is defined as __________.

muscle fatigue

The same __________ can have different effects depending on the properties of the __________.

neurotransmitter; receptor

During saltatory conduction, action potentials are generated __________.

only at nodes of Ranvier of myelinated axons

Question 15: John experienced a cut that severs the tendon that attaches the insertion of the gastrocnemius muscle. As a result of this injury, what action is difficult for him to perform?

plantar flexion

The increase in muscle tension that is produced by increasing the number of active motor units is called __________.

recruitment

Which of the following muscles extends the knee?

rectus femoris

Question 1: The plasma membrane of a muscle cell is known as the __________.

sarcolemma

Question 4Question 4: What is the functional contractile unit of the myofibril?

sarcomere

Question 14: From medial to lateral, what are the muscles of the hamstring group?

semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris

Question 2: The autonomic nervous system does NOT carry signals to __________.

skeletal muscle

Which of the following is controlled by the somatic motor division?

skeletal muscle

Question 8: Type I fibers lack __________.

speed

Question 6: Which of the following is NOT a muscle involved in the movement of the tongue to manipulate food while chewing and pushing the bolus of food into the throat?

stylohyoid

Which neuropeptide neurotransmitter is released from fibers transmitting sensory information about pain and temperature?

substance P

Question 11: When a second EPSP arrives at a single synapse before the effects of the first have disappeared, what results?

temporal summation

When a skeletal muscle fiber contracts, __________.

the H zone and I bands narrow

A muscle that dorsiflexes the foot is the __________

tibialis anterior

Question 11: Which muscle is an antagonist to the gastrocnemius muscle?

tibialis anterior

Deep inward extensions of the sarcolemma form a tunnel-like network inside the muscle cell known as __________.

transverse tubules (T-tubules)

Which type of fiber has the largest diameter?

type A