PrepU Chapter 3: Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities

An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?

Chronic illness

What is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity?

Health

Which definition of health is the best?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?

Making a referral for a mammogram

Which is the goal of tertiary prevention of illness?

Minimizing complications

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance.

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?

Physical dimension

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. Which level of health promotion is this an example of?

Primary

A 48-year-old client was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client has a body mass index of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse informs the client of risk factors for the diagnosis and the need to change diet and exercise behavior. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

"There is nothing that can be done anyway; chronic diseases cannot be prevented."

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Rehabilitation

A client is admitted to the mental health center with attempted suicide. Which of the client's problems is the priority for the nurse to manage?

Risk of self-harm

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which stage of an illness?

Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced.

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which promotional statement by the nurse would be the best example of a developmentally appropriate discussion?

Use of condoms can help prevent sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy

The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed:

homeostasis.

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered:

self-concept.

A client with Alzheimer disease in a nursing home is more compliant in following directions for dressing and feeding with one nurse than with other staff members. This phenomenon is best explained by

the Therapeutic Model of Interaction.

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.

A mammogram represents which level of prevention?

Secondary prevention

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

agent.

Which is an example of the sociocultural dimension influencing a person's health-illness status?

A single mother of two applies for food stamps in order to feed her family.

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain, fever, chills, and nausea. Upon further examination the client is diagnosed with appendicitis. What type of illness does the nurse identify this client to have?

Acute

A community health nurse has noticed a large number of women in the community are not getting regular mammograms. This is a rural community with limited access to health care. Which action would be the most appropriate for the nurse to pursue to promote compliance in getting annual mammograms?

Arrange for a mobile mammography unit to come to the community several days a month.

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary