PSJ Exam 2

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 law that denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate; first time the US blocked an entire group from entering America

Title X Gag Rule

1970: makes it illegal for healthcare providers in the Title X program to refer patients for an abortion

Media Literacy Example

5 aspects: authorship, format/techniques, audience, content/framing, and purpose; understanding who creates media content, why they created it, what is missing, and who the intended audience is

Social Institution Example

Family is a social institution that provides a framework for intimate relationships, child-rearing, and socialization. It regulates sexual behavior and provides emotional support to its members.

Implicit Bias Example

When someone says "kindergarten teacher," we are most likely to imagine a female teacher.

Refusal Clauses Example

a doctor could refuse to give a woman an abortion because it conflicts with their moral standpoint on the issue

Roundup Example

a drug raid; an unexpected visit by the police, usually with forced entry, with the aim of finding illegal drugs

Legalized Discrimination

a way to permissibly treat other as though they are inferior; target minorities

Qualifying Adjectives

adjectives used to identify the qualities/features of a person, shaping the opinion of those listening

Misinformation Effect Example

an eyewitness being asked "did you see the broken light" rather than "did you see a broken light"; the first assumes there was a broken light and shapes memory, influencing the possibility of misinformation effect

Heterosexuality

attraction to and sexual relations between individuals of the opposite sex

Media Consolidation Example

bigger news outlets taking over local news outlets, drawing a focus to national news and disconnecting people from their local communities

Invisible Punishment Example

convicted felons are not allowed to vote; convicted felons have a difficult time reintegrating back into regular life, making it more likely for them to get arrested again

Mindbugs

deep seated thought processes that affect the way we perceive, remember, reason, and make decisions

Title X Gag Rule Example

doctors must not perform or recommend abortions to their patients in order to receive federal funding for other contraceptive services

Disaster (Panic) Myths (during Katrina) Example

during Hurricane Katrina, government officials were concerned that when exposed to the news about the hurricane, they would freak out and lose order

Indigenous Social Justice Example

empowering indigenous cultures to live their own identities through the control over education, which would allow their histories, cultures, and languages be taught to their own children

Social Institution

established societal patterns of behavior organized around particular purposes

Indigenous Social Justice

focuses more on a recognition and acceptance of the major injustices faced by indigenous peoples

Informed Consent Laws Example

in South Dakota, women seeking an abortion must be told that the procedure could "end a human life"

Legalized Discrimination Example

invisible punishment; convicted felons struggle to find housing or jobs after being released, since those employers and realtors can turn them away

Forced Assimilation

involuntarily act of a culture group cohering to a dominant culture group by adopting their language, practices, beliefs, etc.

Felon Disenfranchisement

laws that either temporarily or permanently restrict the voting rights of convicted felony offenders, even after they have served their prison sentence

Disaster (Panic) Myths (during Katrina)

misconceptions that the public will panic when faced with a crisis or disaster, but in reality they do not usually freak out

Heterosexuality Example

originally defined a mental condition with an inclination towards both sexes

Misinformation Effect

small changes in language that shape memory and can result in mistaken eyewitness testimony

Color Symbolism

subjective meanings that humans attach to various colors

Informed Consent Laws

supposed to give unbiased and medical information to patients before operation, but in reality give false and biased information to scare and shame women out of having abortions

Chinese Exclusion Act Example

the Chinese, as the largest group of non-white immigrants in the US, were thought to be taking jobs and lowering wages, leading to violence toward Chinese laborers; all Chinese people were barred from obtaining naturalized citizenship

Media Literacy

the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms

Implicit Bias

the attitudes or stereotypes that affect our judgements, behaviors, and decisions in an automatic and unintentional manner

Media Consolidation

the concentration of ownership of the media into fewer corporations

Paternalism Example

the government making us wear seatbelts, limiting our autonomy for our own good

Paternalism

the practice of people in positions of authority restricting the freedom and responsibilities of those subordinate to them in the subordinates' supposed best interest; suggests a parent-child relationship

Refusal Clauses

the rights of medical personnel to deny medication based on their personal ideology

Anchoring

the tendency, in making judgments, to rely on the first piece of information encountered or information that comes most quickly to mind

Invisible Punishment

the unique set of criminal sanctions that are imposed on individuals after they step outside the prison gates; a form of punishment that operates largely outside of public view and takes effect outside the traditional sentencing framework

Qualifying Adjectives Example

using "crafty" to describe the talents of a white basketball player, while referring to a talented black basketball player as "sneaky" with a negative connotation

Mindbugs Example

visual: illusion of two objects appearing two different sizes when they are the same size memory: false identification when asking a witness to identify a perp social: people seeing white people as "finding" after hurricane Katrina, while black people were "looting"; make us judge people based on what social groups they are in

Color Symbolism Example

we tend to associate black with bad and white with good; white lie, blackballed, white collar, black sheep

Anchoring Example

when at a car dealership, the dealer shows you expensive cars first, so that the cheaper ones later seem like a good deal, even though they are also overpriced

Forced Assimilation Example

when colonizers took over the Native Americans land, Native culture was erased as they were forced to adhere to those who colonized them; mainly took part through residential schools where Native kids were forced to go in order to be "cleansed" of their culture

Roundup

when large amounts of people are swept into the jail system; tend to target minority communities

Felon Disenfranchisement Example

while convicted felons are allowed to vote in Florida, they must pay a fine, which many of them cannot meet.