PSY 101 ch 12 social development

Erickson proposed that establishing intimate, caring relationships is one of the main tasks in:

adulthood

Young children are pre-disposed to give they give object spontaneously to others

beginning near the end of their first year

The scientist who is known for observing the similarities between attachment behaviors in young humans and the attachment behaviors Harlow saw with his monkeys was:

bowlby

vygotsky contended that

children develop self control through play

piaget contended that

children learn about rules and become better moral reasoners through play

by 3 years of age

children tend to imitate all actions a model displays both relevant and irrelevant

Your friend Andy is always concerned with the direct consequences to himself and bases all of his decisions on this rule alone. He doesn't seem to understand that different people have different self-interests. Kohlberg would classify him as:

stage 1

authoritarian parenting

style of parenting in which parent is rigid and overly strict, showing little warmth to the child (rejecting, unresponsive)

permissive parenting

style of parenting in which parent makes few, if any demands on a child's behavior (warm, responsive)

Newborn boys tend to be more _____ than are newborn girls.

irritable

When is gender identity established?

4/5 years

Kohlberg's stages of moral development

6 identifiable developmental stages of moral reasoning which form the basis of ethical behavior, the pre-conventional (level 1) contains the first stage (obedience and punishment orientation and second stage (self-interest orientation)), the conventional (level 2) contains the third stage (interpersonal accord and conformity) and fourth stage (authority and social-order maintaining orientation) the post-convential (level 3) contains the 5th stage (social contract orientation) and 6th stage (universal ethical principles)

What percentage of teenage females become pregnant in any given year in the United States?

7%

What is the main difference between a 15 month old infant and a 2 year old child in their way of acting when feeling empathy towards others?

A 2 year old child will express a wanting to comfort other people.

authorative parenting

A parenting style that encourages the child to be independent but that still places limits and controls on behavior. (warm, responsive)

This occurs when parents express disapproval of the child rather than just the child's specific actions.

love withdrawal

Which statement regarding Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is TRUE?

Each stage represents a true developmental progression.

Martin is an adolescent that engages in many delinquent behaviors such as vandalism and stealing cars. _____ would suggest that his behavior is due primarily to acceptance by his peers.

Harris

Cindy was an anxious little girl. It was her first day of kindergarten and she was terrified to leave her mother. She showed extreme _____ when her mother dropped her off. Four hours later, upon her mother's arrival she still showed signs of _____, which continued for the night.

distress, distress

the developemeny of empathy ..:

during the SECOND year causes children to want to give , help , share and comfort

This type of guilt emerges from the capacity for empathy coupled with the child's growing understanding of the relationship between his or her own actions and others' feelings.

empathy-based guilt

According to Erikson's life-span theory, adolescence is the stage of _____, the goal of which is to give up one's childhood identity and establish a new identity appropriate for entry into adulthood.

identity crisis