PSY 223 Exam 2 part 3

21. Which of the following is an example of a superordinate goal?

Athletes who normally compete against each who are now on the same relay team

24. Which of the following has been demonstrated through the use of minimal groups?

Mere categorization is sufficient to produce ingroup favoritism.

9. The belief "they're all the same" best epitomizes which of the following concepts?

Outgroup homogeneity effect

32. Which of the following is not one of the conditions deemed ideal for contact to serve as a treatment for racism?

Pleasant environmental conditions

1. The ABCs of social psychology are affect, behavior, and cognition. Put the three major concepts of Chapter 5 in this ABC order by considering whether they correspond to affect, behavior, or cognition.

Prejudice, discrimination, stereotyping

6. A stereotype exists in many cultures that men are better than women at math. Ramya is about to take a diagnostic achievement test in math. According to research on stereotype threat, under which of the following conditions is Ramya most likely to perform poorly on the test?

Ramya is asked to indicate her gender at the beginning of the test.

25. Which of the following is not predicted by social identity theory?

Threats to self-esteem tend to decrease ingroup favoritism.

29. Gunner thinks that Jews are particularly funny. He overestimates the association between being a stand-up comedian and being Jewish because both characteristics are very distinctive from the normal population. This demonstrates

an illusory correlation.

4. Affectionate feelings toward women based on the belief that women need protection are referred to as _____ sexism.

benevolent

34. Research by Bodenhausen (1990) on the cognitive functioning of "morning people" vs. "night people" demonstrates that the influence of stereotypes depends on the

cognitive resources available to the perceiver.

The stereotype content model of Cuddy, Fiske, and colleagues groups stereotypes along the two dimensions of

competence and warmth.

28. Self-fulfilling prophecies perpetuate stereotypes by

eliciting stereotype-confirming behavior from targets.

31. Stereotypes appear to bias perceptions

even when we don't endorse them.

7. Social categorization is advantageous because it

frees up cognitive resources.

2. Racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally is called

implicit racism.

Being asked to think about one's mortality tends to

increase ingroup bias.

8. All of the following result from social categorization except

increased tendency to notice behaviors inconsistent with group stereotype.

35. According to the self-regulation of prejudiced responses model, _____ motivated individuals may learn to control their prejudices _____ effectively over time.

internally; more

3. Research indicates that Caucasian individuals' concern about appearing prejudiced during interracial interactions can

lead them to try to avoid such interactions altogether.

22. A junior high coach decides to separate his basketball players into an A team and a B team. These two teams regularly play each other and compete for rewards, such as time at the drinking fountain and use of the new basketballs. The Robbers Cave experiment would suggest that the coach's new arrangement is likely to

lead to animosity between the A team and the B team.

30. The fundamental attribution error may promote stereotypes because

observers see stereotype-consistent behavior as dispositional.

23. Latrell is not satisfied with his $5 million annual salary because he feels that other basketball All-Stars are paid far more money. Latrell's dissatisfaction is most likely the result of

relative deprivation.

33. Aronson's jigsaw classroom work is similar to Sherif's Robbers Cave experiment because both illustrated how

superordinate goals can reduce prejudice.

5. In their study of sexism in 19 different countries, Glick et al. (2000) found that countries with the greatest degree of political and economic inequality exhibited

the highest levels of both hostile and benevolent sexism.

27. All of the following are mechanisms that perpetuate stereotypes except

the jigsaw classroom.

26. According to social-role theory, gender differences in social behavior are the result of

the unequal gender-based division of labor.