psych ch 5

Which of the following was suggested by Rosemary Basson in her model regarding sexual arousal?

For many people, generalized sexual desire may occur primarily only for a particular partner when there is first an intellectual and emotional interest.

Which of the following is most true of Kaplan's model of sexual arousal?

It is a biphasic three-phase model for sexual response.

Which of the following triggers an immediate response in nerves that head back to genitalia and control blood flow and erectile response?

Nerve cells that feed into the spinal column

Which of the following best describes on orgasm?

Orgasm is at a minimum a sensation of muscular contractions and the feeling of a release of tension in the body.

Which of the following demonstrates the effect of habituation?

Repeated presentations of the same erotic image reduce arousal.

Which of the following was suggested by John Bancroft and Erick Janssen in a dual control model regarding sexual arousal?

The inhibition of responses and behavior is a natural, adaptive response in organisms, and that evolution has selected for multiple inhibitory mechanisms for a range of behaviors.

Which of the following is the criticism faced by Masters & Johnson's four-stage model of sexual response?

The model of just one single pattern of response as being "normative" ignored individual differences in response.

Which of the following statements is true about the effect of smell on sexual stimulation?

Which of the following statements is true about the effect of smell on sexual stimulation?

The term _____ is defined as an attraction to people of both sexes. Correct!

bisexual

A merit of Masters and Johnson's research was that they helped dispel myths that females did not enjoy sex.

false

Abnormally high levels of hormones cause reductions in the ability to become sexually aroused even with direct physical stimulation.

false

Aphrodisiacs have a tremendous physiological effect on sexual functioning.

false

Asexuality describes individuals who have in the past been interested in sex but experience a decline in sexual desire.

false

Gender identity describes the extent to which an individual's gendered behavior and identity aligns with the expectations of one's culture.

false

Lesbian identities were accepted long before gay identities.

false

Most researchers believe that pheromones play a heightened role in human sexual behavior.

false

Research suggests that males cannot experience multiple orgasms.

false

Researchers have found that same-sex sexual behavior among heterosexual males is more common in cultures with more stigma associated with male homosexuality.

false

Sexual arousal response cycles tend to shorten and increase in intensity over an individual's lifespan.

false

The central nervous system can seldom trigger the neurons that either activate or deactivate control of blood flow and erectile response in the genitalia.

false

The haptic sense of the body contains similar nerve endings on different types of skin.

false

Understanding the sources of attraction that operate in humans detracts from an individual's specific attraction to a particular partner.

false

When stimulation ends, or orgasm occurs, cyclic guanosine monophosphate production is increased.

false

Which of the following species has been observed to have preference for symmetry in the mating patterns?

fish

Which of the following is an example of culture-specific attractions?

foot binding

Research suggests that _____ affects not only LGBT individuals but also heterosexual individuals who are gender-role nonconforming.

homophobia

In case of genital arousal, the enzyme cGMP causes _____.

increased blood flow

When _____ occurs, cGMP production is reduced, leading to already-secreted cGMP being metabolized by enzymes such as PDE-5.

orgasm

Which of the following hormones serves multiple roles in the brain and body including effects on orgasm, attraction, and attachment?

oxytocin

The term _____ can be defined as an actual change in patterns of desire and attraction, which occurs in only some people and partly as a result of experiences.

sexual fluidity

The term _____ refers to the biological sex and gender identity of the people to whom someone is typically sexually attracted, including aspects of physical attraction, emotional and romantic attraction, and sexual behavior, as well as aspects of self-identity related to the pattern of one's sexual attractions.

sexual orientation

The logical reasoning as to why the preference of symmetry is adaptive and would have been selected by evolution is that:

symmetry between the left and right halves of the body is believed to be of significant importance in many cultures.

Both voluntary and involuntary or autonomic nervous system responses are involved in sexual arousal.

true

Familiarity with stimuli generally produces a reduced response, known as habituation.

true

Female ejaculation occurs when a cloudy alkaline gel-like substance is expelled from the urethra and oozes from the vagina during orgasm.

true

Homosexuality was considered a form of psychopathology (mental illness) in the 1800s and 1900s.

true

Most sexual response including both arousal and orgasm primarily involves activity of the autonomic nervous system. Correct!

true

No single center in the brain is responsible for sexual response

true

On a Kinsey scale, a Kinsey 0 indicates complete attraction to people of the other sex, whereas a Kinsey 6 indicates complete attraction to people of the same sex.

true

Orgasm involves a sequence of events both in the pelvic floor muscles and in the brain.

true

Orgasm is accompanied in both sexes by muscular contractions of the pelvic floor muscles.

true

Plateau is a stage of sexual arousal that is accompanied by a "sex flush."

true

Rejection by family members of sexual minority youth is believed to be a significant contributor to homeless and runaway teenagers in the U.S.

true

Researchers can measure sexual orientation by looking objectively at physiological arousal rather than using self-report.

true

Retrograde ejaculation is when ejaculation occurs but the bladder neck does not close off, and so part or all of the ejaculate enters the bladder instead of the urethra.

true

Same-sex mating behavior and social pair bonding are observed in many species of birds, mammals, and reptiles. Correct!

true

Some sexual minority individuals face special challenges related to conflicts between their family of origin's beliefs and their sexual orientation.

true

Susan Walen and David Roth's cognitive model of sexual arousal includes perceptions about the arousal itself.

true

There is substantial overlap in the three-phase model by Kaplan and Masters and Johnson's first three phases of the four-phase model of sexual arousal.

true

Through their experiment, Haidt and colleagues suggested that things that activate a sense of disgust tend to produce moral outrage even when, logically, the activity is morally neutral.

true