Psychology Exam 4
studies have found that people with antisocial criminal tendencies have a smaller-than-normal
amygdala
reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of
free association
the hallucinations experienced by those who suffer from schizophrenia are most likely to involve _____________ things that are not there
hearing
although experiencing severely traumatic events may lead to PTSD, it is also likely to lead to
increased personal strength
an intense fear of heights is NOT considered to be a psychological disorder unless it
interferes with effective functioning
exaggerated feelings of self-importance are most closely linked with
narcissism
which of the following has been shown to be a risk factor for future suicide attempts?
nonsuicidal self-injury
self-esteem refers to
our feelings of high or low self-worth
an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is her or her
personality
according to the DSM-5, one of the five major symptoms of major depressive disorder is
problems thinking, concentrating, and making decisions
which contemporary theoretical approach is most directly descended from Frued's psychoanalysis?
psychodynamic theories
according to Albert Bandura, the interacting influences of behavior,n internal personal factors, and environment illustrate
reciprocal determinism
obsessive- compulsive disorder is characterized by
repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors
the capacity to recover from traumatic stressful experiences best illustrates survivor
resiliency
compulsive fretting and overthinking about problems and their causes are characteristic of
rumination
athletes often privately attribute their losses to bad officiating. This best illustrates
self serving bias
a sense of one's ability to competently perform a task is called
self-efficacy
teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most directed concern to _________ therapy
cognitive
Carl Rogers believed that several qualities of the therapist are critical in producing beneficial changes in client-centered therapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those qualities?
The therapist should strive to create an atmosphere of conditional acceptance so that the client is motivated to change his or her behavior to gain the therapist's approval.
in which of the following countries is dissociative identity disorder most prevalent?
United States
a lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who experience ________ disorder
antisocial personality
James has never been able to keep a job. He has been in and out of prison for theft, sexual assault, and spousal abuse. James, who feels no guilt or remorse for his actions, would most likely be diagnosed as having
antisocial personality disorder
repression refers to defense mechanism by which people
banish anxiety-arousing thoughts from consciousness
mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering
bipolar disorder
when Darcy's boyfriend told her he wanted to break up, she became outraged and extremely dramatic. she broke all of the windows in his car and attacked a woman he was talking to. Darcy has a history of impulsive, sometimes violent behavior and dramatic, emotional outbursts, which has cost her many friends and boyfriends. Darcy illustrates symptoms of __________ personality disorder.
borderline
sixteen year old Jill loves ice cream and other rich foods, but she has become increasingly anxious about gaining too much weight. Jill frequently overeats and then intentionally vomits in an attempt to control her weight. Jill most clearly suffers from
bulimia nervosa
generalized anxiety disorder is often accompanied by
depression
the most controversial disorder involves extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities. This disorder is called
dissociative identity disorder
those with a borderline personality disorder are likely to display
dramatic, attention-getting behaviors
personally distressing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are considered to be symptoms of a psychological disorder if they are
dysfunctional
freud emphasized that the ___________ operates on the reality principle
ego
when professor McKay nervously began teaching a university class for the first time, he overestimated the extent to which his students would notice that he was anxious. His reactions best illustrates
the spotlight effect
individuals who are most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa are those who live in cultures that idealize
thin bodies