Psychology Exam 4

studies have found that people with antisocial criminal tendencies have a smaller-than-normal

amygdala

reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of

free association

the hallucinations experienced by those who suffer from schizophrenia are most likely to involve _____________ things that are not there

hearing

although experiencing severely traumatic events may lead to PTSD, it is also likely to lead to

increased personal strength

an intense fear of heights is NOT considered to be a psychological disorder unless it

interferes with effective functioning

exaggerated feelings of self-importance are most closely linked with

narcissism

which of the following has been shown to be a risk factor for future suicide attempts?

nonsuicidal self-injury

self-esteem refers to

our feelings of high or low self-worth

an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is her or her

personality

according to the DSM-5, one of the five major symptoms of major depressive disorder is

problems thinking, concentrating, and making decisions

which contemporary theoretical approach is most directly descended from Frued's psychoanalysis?

psychodynamic theories

according to Albert Bandura, the interacting influences of behavior,n internal personal factors, and environment illustrate

reciprocal determinism

obsessive- compulsive disorder is characterized by

repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors

the capacity to recover from traumatic stressful experiences best illustrates survivor

resiliency

compulsive fretting and overthinking about problems and their causes are characteristic of

rumination

athletes often privately attribute their losses to bad officiating. This best illustrates

self serving bias

a sense of one's ability to competently perform a task is called

self-efficacy

teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most directed concern to _________ therapy

cognitive

Carl Rogers believed that several qualities of the therapist are critical in producing beneficial changes in client-centered therapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those qualities?

The therapist should strive to create an atmosphere of conditional acceptance so that the client is motivated to change his or her behavior to gain the therapist's approval.

in which of the following countries is dissociative identity disorder most prevalent?

United States

a lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who experience ________ disorder

antisocial personality

James has never been able to keep a job. He has been in and out of prison for theft, sexual assault, and spousal abuse. James, who feels no guilt or remorse for his actions, would most likely be diagnosed as having

antisocial personality disorder

repression refers to defense mechanism by which people

banish anxiety-arousing thoughts from consciousness

mania is most likely to be experienced by those suffering

bipolar disorder

when Darcy's boyfriend told her he wanted to break up, she became outraged and extremely dramatic. she broke all of the windows in his car and attacked a woman he was talking to. Darcy has a history of impulsive, sometimes violent behavior and dramatic, emotional outbursts, which has cost her many friends and boyfriends. Darcy illustrates symptoms of __________ personality disorder.

borderline

sixteen year old Jill loves ice cream and other rich foods, but she has become increasingly anxious about gaining too much weight. Jill frequently overeats and then intentionally vomits in an attempt to control her weight. Jill most clearly suffers from

bulimia nervosa

generalized anxiety disorder is often accompanied by

depression

the most controversial disorder involves extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities. This disorder is called

dissociative identity disorder

those with a borderline personality disorder are likely to display

dramatic, attention-getting behaviors

personally distressing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are considered to be symptoms of a psychological disorder if they are

dysfunctional

freud emphasized that the ___________ operates on the reality principle

ego

when professor McKay nervously began teaching a university class for the first time, he overestimated the extent to which his students would notice that he was anxious. His reactions best illustrates

the spotlight effect

individuals who are most vulnerable to anorexia nervosa are those who live in cultures that idealize

thin bodies