Psychology Midterm

by repeating a tone and that the adding of meat powder pavlov saw that produce salvia when the tone is present this is production of saliva is a

Conditioned response

Alcohol is classified as a

Depressant

which of the following is true of marijuana

It increases the awareness of bodily sensations.

Psychology is defined as the scientific study of

behavior and mental processes

this section of the brain controls your movements , balance , posture and coordination

cerebellum

this section of the brain controls your thinking, voluntary movements , language , reasoning , and perception

cerebral cortex

the act of seeing ones group as superior to other groups of similar nature is

ethnocentrism

which of the following statements is true of nicotine

it appears to enhance memory and attention

which of these could be properly associated with REM sleep

nightmares

When in a new situation, Cecilia makes a judgment by processing new information and comparing it to her past experiences. What type of judgment did she mostly likely make?

stereotype

_______ explanations for aggressive behavior include genetic predisposition , high testate level and frontal lobe damage

biological

which of the following is a difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning

classical conditioning focuses on how organisms form anticipations about their environments , whereas operant conditioning focuses on what they do about them

which of the following is a principle of critical thinking

consider alternative interpretations of research evidence

___________ is the tendency for a conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the stimulus to which the response was conditioned

generalization

this section of the brain controls your body temperature emotions hunger thirst appetite , digestion and sleep

hypothalamus

the school of psychology that emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts as determinats of human behavior is Called

psychoanalysis

which of the following is an aspect of consciousness that is a key to self control

selective attention

_____ is the tendency to perceive an object as being the same form although the retinal image varies in form as it rotates

shape constancy

who is the forefather of the psychodynamic theory

sigmund freud

an inference about the relationship of two variables would be

a hypothesis

which of the following is a statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research

a hypothesis

dilation of the pupils is controlled by the

autonomic nervous system

______ suggest that people choose whether or not to imitate aggressive and other forms of conduct they observe and that people are most likely to imitate behaviors that are consistent with their values

cognitive psychologist

light first passes through the transparent ________ which covers the front of the eyes surface

cornea

if something is heard in the right ear then it is sent _______ hemisphere

faster to the left

which of the following parts of the body is most sensitive to touch

fingertips

this section of the brain is concerned with emotions , reasoning , planning , movement , and parts of speech

frontal lobe

a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings , individually and collectively and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence rationalism and empiricism over acceptance od dogma or superstition

humanism

which of the following is a defining characteristics of structuralism

it attempted to break conscious experience down into objective sensations

which of the following statements is true of rapid eye movement (rem ) sleep

it is connected with the consolidation of learning and memory

which of the following is true based of behaviorism

it is the school of psychology that focuses on learning observable behavior

which of the following best describes the term heredity?

it refers to the biological transmission of traits that have evolved from generation to generation

which of the following senses informs one about the position and motion of parts of the body?

kinesthesis

from the behaviorist point of view _____ is a relatively permanent change in behavior that arises from practice or experience

learning

if someone is farsighted then

light focus from close objects hits behind the retina

this section of the brain controls your breathing , reflexes and your swallowing reflexes

midbrain

a _______ involves the perception and recording data via the use of scientific instruments

observation

this section of the brain is responsible for our vision

occipital lobe

Micheal helps his mother wash dishes after supper and she praises his thoughtfulness . as a result , Micheal continues to volunteer to help with the dishes . the scenario illustrates

operant conditioning

social identity refers to

our membership in particular groups which largely determines our everyday interacts

this section of the brain is connected with the processing of nerve impulses related to the senses such as touch pain taste pressure and temperature

parietal lobe

this section of the brain controls your growing and maturing

pine gland

the ________ of a sound is determined by its frequency

pitch

this section of the brain controls your hormones and it helps to turn food into energy

pituitary gland

_____ research is best described as research that is undertaken because a researcher is interested in a research topic and not because it provides any immediate solution to personal or social problems

pure

_________ adresses many of the ways that people differ from one another through the study of ethnicity , gender culture and socioeconomic status on behavior and mental process

sociocultural perspective

______ is a behavioral fear - reduction technique in which a hierarchy of fear evoking stimuli is presented while the person remains relaxed

systematic desensitization

this section of the brain is responsible for hearing , memory , meaning , and language

temporal lobe

which of the following structures is convoluted with ridges and valleys that is apparently connected with cognitive ability?

the cerebral cortex

________ is composed of bundles of long , myelinated axons that carry messages to and from the brain

white matter