Quiz #2

Decerebrate

-- indicates a brain herination down into the brain stem

Decorticate

--indicates a brain stem injury

Microcephaly

-is a head circumference that is more than three standard deviations below the mean for the age and sex of the infant. Symptoms includes small head, a large face, and a loose, often wrinkled, scalp. Development of motor functions and speech may also be delayed.

Sunlight is too bright

A 16-year-old boy reports to the school nurse of headaches and a stiff neck. Which sign or symptom would alert the nurse that the child may have bacterial meningitis?

Protecting the child from harm during the seizure

A 4-year-old boy has a febrile seizure during a well-child visit. What action would be a priority?

Asthma

A child has a chronic, nonproductive cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration. This suggests:

C-reactive protein

A child has presented with a fever and symptoms of rash, swelling of the hands, and swollen lymph nodes. Which test from the orders may show a byproduct from the liver that is present during an episode of an acute inflammatory disorder?

An inhalation injury

A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child's lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has:

Babies don't feel pain the way older people do because they have an immature neurological system."

A student nurse is discussing pain management techniques and statements with a peer. Which of the following statements indicates a need for further teaching?

Monitor oxygen saturation level

An 8-year-old child is admitted for asthma. The nurse would expect to carry out which of the following measures to care for this child:

Maintain troedelenburg position to decrease pressure on the shunt

An infant with hydrocephalus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Postoperative nursing care should include which of the following except?

Sweat chloride test

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler. Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?

Anencephaly Encephalocele Microcephaly

Discuss the 3 neural tube disorders and describe the symptoms.

2 forms of birth control

Isotretinoin (Accutane) is a topical agent commonly used to treat acne. Nursing considerations with this drug include:

After taking the antibiotics for 24 hours

It is generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis can return to school:

Myths regarding pain and children

Newborns don't feel pain. Exposure to pain at an early age has little or no effect later. Infants and small children have little memory of pain. Intensity of the child's reaction to pain indicates intensity of pain. A child who is sleeping or playing is not in pain. Children are truthful when asked if they are in pain. Children learn to adapt to pain and painful procedures. Children are more prone to addiction to narcotic analgesics.

List 2 zoonotic Infections and their treatment:

Rabies Cat scratch fever

Salicylates

Reye syndrome is a disorder in children usually caused by ___________ exposure.

Antibiotic therapy

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by the bite of a tick and is treated with:

eye opening, verbal and motor responses

The Glasgow Coma Scale consists of an assessment of:

Tremors

The child has been placed on albuterol via a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).The patient might exhibit which of the following side effects of this medication?

Meconium ileus.

The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis (CF) is:

Shock

The most immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries is:

Sunsetting

The nurse inspects the eyes of a child and observes that the sclera is showing over the top of the iris. The nurse documents this finding as:

Candida Albicans

The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. This is most likely caused by:

20

The nurse is preparing a child for a vision screening. How far would the nurse place the child from the chart?

Pruritus

The only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice) is usually:

Decorticate Decerebrate

What are the two types of posturing and when do they occur in a patient? What causes the symptoms to occur or how can they be elicited?

is an acute inflammatory process of the bronchioles and small bronchi that is nearly always caused by a viral pathogen. RSV accounts for the majority of cases of bronchioles. RSV is easily spread through contact with droplets, isolate inpatients according to hospital policy to decrease the risk of nosocomial spread. Strict handwashing is necessary. Educate the parents so they can recognize signs of worsening distress such as if the child's brathing becomes rapid or more difficult or if the child cannot eat because of breathing.

What causes bronchiolitis in infants and how can it be prevented?

vomiting

What finding would lead the nurse to suspect that a child is beginning to develop increased intracranial pressure?

Give small amounts of their favorite fluids to prevent hydration

When caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature, an appropriate nursing intervention is to:

Provide the vaccine information statement handout and answer all questions.

Which nursing intervention should take place prior to all vaccination administrations?

FACES scale

Which pain scale would be ideally used for an 8-year-old patient with age appropriate development and intelligence?

If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene.

Which statement expresses accurately the genetic implications of cystic fibrosis (CF)?

It is associated with allergy with a hereditary tendency.

Which statement regarding atopic dermatitis (eczema) in the infant is most accurate?

Epiglottitis

Which type of croup is always considered a medical emergency?

Anencephaly

is a defect in brain development resulting in small or missing hemispheres, skull and scalp. The condition is incompatible with life. The infant is usually blind, deaf, unconscious, and unable to feel pain. Other symptoms include reflex actions such as respirations, reactions to sound and touch and ability to suck may be present.

Encephalocele

is a protrusion of the brain and meninges through a skull defect. This condition are often accompanied with other abnormalities such as hydrocephalus, microcephaly, spastic quadriplegia, ataxia, visual problems, developmental delay, mental and growth retardation, and seizures.

Seizure precautions

padding of side rails and other hard objects Side rails raised on bed at all times when child is in bed Oxygen and suction at bedside Supervision during bathing, ambulation or other activities Use of a protective helmet during activity

Cats scratch fever:

serious disease caused by Bartonella henselae. Treatment is antibiotics and education about rough playing with cats and the importance of washing scratches with soap and running water. 

Pavlik harness and closed reduction

two treatments for congential hip dysplasia.

Rabies:

viral infection of the central nervous system. Treatment should begin as soon as possible because once a patient is symptomatic and the rabies infection develops there is fewer chances of survival. Immunoprophylaxis is initiated and wound managment is necessary.