Quiz 2

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conditional instability

environmental lapse rate is between WAR and DAR

which of the following change of state of water absorbs energy?

evaporation

which of the following change of state of water absorbs heat energy?

evaporation

if the maximum daily temperature is 84 F and the minimum daily temperature is 72 F, the daily temperature range is:

12 F

how many cooling degree-days would there be for a given day if the daily maximum temperature is 84 F and the daily minimum temperature 72 F?

13

the boiling point of water on the Kelvin temperature scale is?

373

if the maximum daily temperature is 84 F and the minimum daily temperature is 72 F, then the daily mean is:

78 F

which of the following locations would have the highest number of heating degree-days?

Detroit, MI

process of converting a liquid to a gas. latent heat of vaporization is the energy absorbed by water during evaporation.

evaporation

adiabatic temperature changes occur as a result of:

a rising parcel of air cooling through expansion of a sinking parcel warming through compression

a poleward moving ocean current is:

a warm current

the mass of water vapor in a given volume of air

absolute humidity

any process occurring without gain or loss of heat within a system (no heat transfer with the surroundings)

adiabatic process

which of the following is not part of the hydrologic cycle?

all are part of the hydrologic cycle

rain shadow deserts are typically associated with

all of the above

which of the following is NOT a factor that influences why temperatures vary from place to place?

all of the above are influencing factors

which of the following is true regarding heat waves?

all of the above are true

what factors contribute to the development of urban heat islands?

all of the above contribute to the development of urban heat islands

which of the following is a reason why land and water heat and cool differently?

all of these are correct

stable

environmental lapse rate < WAR

unstable

environmental lapse rate > DAR

which of the following factors would result in a place being warmer in the summer?

being in the middle of a landmass

process of converting a gas to a liquid. the latent heat of condensations is the energy released by water vapor during condensation.

condensation

the most common type of atmospheric instability

conditional instability

most of the time, the atmosphere is:

conditionally unstable

converging horizontal air flow results in upward movement

convergence

a location on the windward side of a continent when compared to a location on the leeward side of a continent at the same latitude would experience:

cooler summer temperatures than those on the leeward side

which of the following would cause relative humidity to increase?

cooling the air

during a clear, calm day, the relative humidity would tend to _____ from sunrise to early afternoon?

decrease

during a clear, calm day, the relative humidity would tend to _______ from sunrise to early afternoon?

decrease

the atmosphere is absolutely unstable when the temperature of the air ______ with height.

decreases rapidly

the reverse process of changing a vapor to a solid

deposition

the temperature to which air needs to be cooled to reach saturation

dew point temperature

what is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled to reach saturation?

dew-point temperature

process where there is heat transfer

diabatic

what kind of weather conditions prevail when a large difference exists between the dry and wet-bulb temperature readings?

dry

which type of lifting mechanism results from warm air lifting over cold air?

frontal

masses of warm and cold air collide, producing fronts. cooler, denser air acts as a barrier over which the warmer, less dense air rises.

frontal lifting (wedging)

which of the following would not enhance instability?

general subsidence within an air column

which of the following is an example of a warm ocean current?

gulf stream

which of the following indicates how "hot" an individual feels, given combinations of temperature and relative humidity?

heat index

a measure of water vapor in the air

humidity

which is the best location to place a thermometer for an accurate air temperature reading?

inside a louvered instrument shelter

a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature is called:

isotherm

when air rises

it expands and cools

which of the following is true for a station at a higher elevation when compared to a nearby station at a lower elevation?

it will have a lower summer temperature

at what time of the year do northern hemisphere land surfaces experience their maximum incoming solar radiation?

june

the rate of change of temperature with height

lapse rate

the wet adiabatic lapse rate is different from the dry adiabatic lapse rate because:

latent heat is released inside an air parcel of rising saturated air

absolute atmospheric stability prevails when the environmental lapse rate is:

less than the wet adiabatic rate

hygrometer

measures moisture content of the air

the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air

mixing ratio

occurs when elevated terrains, such as mountains, act as barriers to the flow of air

orographic lifting

the largest annual temperature range is found:

over land at high latitudes

which of the following instruments can be used to measure humidity?

psychrometer

mass of water vapor in a given volume of air

relative humidity

the lowest daily temperatures are normally recorded:

shortly after sunrise

the process that turns a solid to a gas

sublimation

when temperature increases with altitude rather than decreasing, this is called

temperature inversion

which of the following is the primary control of how much water vapor the air can hold?

temperature of the air

the stability of an air layer refers to its:

tendency to remain in its original position or to rise

when the relative humidity is 100 percent:

the air is saturated

the most important process of cloud formation in the atmosphere is cooling by:

the expansion of air

why does the air cool at a slower rate once condensation occurs?

the latent heat of condensation is "released" into the atmosphere, causing a slower rate of cooling. Condensation is a "warming" process

the mixing ratio is:

the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air

the mixing ratio is:

the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air.

why is the annual temperature range at most latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere much smaller than that of the Northern Hemisphere?

there is a greater percentage of ocean in the southern hemisphere

which of the following is true regarding clouds?

they increase night-time temperatures and decrease daytime temperatures

the part of the total atmospheric pressure attributable t its water-vapor content

vapor pressure

in which of the following situations is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere the highest?

we cannot tell without knowing the temperature in each situation


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