Quiz 2
conditional instability
environmental lapse rate is between WAR and DAR
which of the following change of state of water absorbs energy?
evaporation
which of the following change of state of water absorbs heat energy?
evaporation
if the maximum daily temperature is 84 F and the minimum daily temperature is 72 F, the daily temperature range is:
12 F
how many cooling degree-days would there be for a given day if the daily maximum temperature is 84 F and the daily minimum temperature 72 F?
13
the boiling point of water on the Kelvin temperature scale is?
373
if the maximum daily temperature is 84 F and the minimum daily temperature is 72 F, then the daily mean is:
78 F
which of the following locations would have the highest number of heating degree-days?
Detroit, MI
process of converting a liquid to a gas. latent heat of vaporization is the energy absorbed by water during evaporation.
evaporation
adiabatic temperature changes occur as a result of:
a rising parcel of air cooling through expansion of a sinking parcel warming through compression
a poleward moving ocean current is:
a warm current
the mass of water vapor in a given volume of air
absolute humidity
any process occurring without gain or loss of heat within a system (no heat transfer with the surroundings)
adiabatic process
which of the following is not part of the hydrologic cycle?
all are part of the hydrologic cycle
rain shadow deserts are typically associated with
all of the above
which of the following is NOT a factor that influences why temperatures vary from place to place?
all of the above are influencing factors
which of the following is true regarding heat waves?
all of the above are true
what factors contribute to the development of urban heat islands?
all of the above contribute to the development of urban heat islands
which of the following is a reason why land and water heat and cool differently?
all of these are correct
stable
environmental lapse rate < WAR
unstable
environmental lapse rate > DAR
which of the following factors would result in a place being warmer in the summer?
being in the middle of a landmass
process of converting a gas to a liquid. the latent heat of condensations is the energy released by water vapor during condensation.
condensation
the most common type of atmospheric instability
conditional instability
most of the time, the atmosphere is:
conditionally unstable
converging horizontal air flow results in upward movement
convergence
a location on the windward side of a continent when compared to a location on the leeward side of a continent at the same latitude would experience:
cooler summer temperatures than those on the leeward side
which of the following would cause relative humidity to increase?
cooling the air
during a clear, calm day, the relative humidity would tend to _____ from sunrise to early afternoon?
decrease
during a clear, calm day, the relative humidity would tend to _______ from sunrise to early afternoon?
decrease
the atmosphere is absolutely unstable when the temperature of the air ______ with height.
decreases rapidly
the reverse process of changing a vapor to a solid
deposition
the temperature to which air needs to be cooled to reach saturation
dew point temperature
what is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled to reach saturation?
dew-point temperature
process where there is heat transfer
diabatic
what kind of weather conditions prevail when a large difference exists between the dry and wet-bulb temperature readings?
dry
which type of lifting mechanism results from warm air lifting over cold air?
frontal
masses of warm and cold air collide, producing fronts. cooler, denser air acts as a barrier over which the warmer, less dense air rises.
frontal lifting (wedging)
which of the following would not enhance instability?
general subsidence within an air column
which of the following is an example of a warm ocean current?
gulf stream
which of the following indicates how "hot" an individual feels, given combinations of temperature and relative humidity?
heat index
a measure of water vapor in the air
humidity
which is the best location to place a thermometer for an accurate air temperature reading?
inside a louvered instrument shelter
a line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature is called:
isotherm
when air rises
it expands and cools
which of the following is true for a station at a higher elevation when compared to a nearby station at a lower elevation?
it will have a lower summer temperature
at what time of the year do northern hemisphere land surfaces experience their maximum incoming solar radiation?
june
the rate of change of temperature with height
lapse rate
the wet adiabatic lapse rate is different from the dry adiabatic lapse rate because:
latent heat is released inside an air parcel of rising saturated air
absolute atmospheric stability prevails when the environmental lapse rate is:
less than the wet adiabatic rate
hygrometer
measures moisture content of the air
the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air
mixing ratio
occurs when elevated terrains, such as mountains, act as barriers to the flow of air
orographic lifting
the largest annual temperature range is found:
over land at high latitudes
which of the following instruments can be used to measure humidity?
psychrometer
mass of water vapor in a given volume of air
relative humidity
the lowest daily temperatures are normally recorded:
shortly after sunrise
the process that turns a solid to a gas
sublimation
when temperature increases with altitude rather than decreasing, this is called
temperature inversion
which of the following is the primary control of how much water vapor the air can hold?
temperature of the air
the stability of an air layer refers to its:
tendency to remain in its original position or to rise
when the relative humidity is 100 percent:
the air is saturated
the most important process of cloud formation in the atmosphere is cooling by:
the expansion of air
why does the air cool at a slower rate once condensation occurs?
the latent heat of condensation is "released" into the atmosphere, causing a slower rate of cooling. Condensation is a "warming" process
the mixing ratio is:
the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air
the mixing ratio is:
the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air.
why is the annual temperature range at most latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere much smaller than that of the Northern Hemisphere?
there is a greater percentage of ocean in the southern hemisphere
which of the following is true regarding clouds?
they increase night-time temperatures and decrease daytime temperatures
the part of the total atmospheric pressure attributable t its water-vapor content
vapor pressure
in which of the following situations is the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere the highest?
we cannot tell without knowing the temperature in each situation
