quiz history
Despite his status as a military hero, General Ulysses S. Grant proved to be a weak political leader because he
had no political experience and was a poor judge of character.
Roosevelt supported the repeal of prohibition because
he thought that it afforded the opportunity to raise needed federal revenue and provide jobs.
The "Gospel of Wealth" endorsed by Andrew Carnegie
held that the wealthy should display moral responsibility in the use of their God-given money.
In 1935, President Roosevelt set up the Resettlement Administration to
help farmers who were victims of the Dust Bowl move to better land.
In the long run, the group that probably did the most to shape the modern West was the
hydraulic engineers
The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand
immediate full payment of bonus payments promised to World War I veterans.
All of the following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion except
immigration restrictions.
Top gangster Al Capone was finally convicted and sent to prison for the crime of
income tax evasion.
During the 1920s and after, many American immigrant ethnic groups
lived in neighborhoods with their own churches or synagogues, newspapers, and theaters.
All of the following are true statements about Mexicans who settled in the area known as the borderlands except
most were wealthy farmers with significant landholdings.
The Teapot Dome scandal was centered around corrupt deals and bribes involving
naval oil reserves
A major factor in the shift in American foreign policy toward imperialism in the late nineteenth century was the
need for overseas markets for increased industrial and agricultural production.
The Federal Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Commission aimed to
provide full disclosure of information and prevent insider trading and other fraudulent practices.
During the 1920s, the new system of buying on credit resulted in all of the following except
providing a fundamental and solid basis for sustainable long-term prosperity in the nation.
President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended by doing all of the following except
providing direct aid to the people.
Large numbers of Europeans were persuaded to come to America to farm on the northern frontier by
railroad agents who offered to sell them cheap land.
A major cause of the panic that broke in 1873 was
the expansion of more factories, railroads, and mines than existing markets would bear.
Believers in the doctrine of "survival of the fittest," argued that
the wealthy deserved their riches because they had demonstrated greater abilities than the poor.
The political base of the Democratic party in the late nineteenth century lay especially in
the white South and big-city immigrant machines.
The American radio industry was distinctive from radio in European nations because it
was a commercial business dependent on advertising
The Committee on Public Information was
was a propaganda organization designed to gain support for US involvement in World War I.
The progressive-inspired city-manager system of government
was designed to remove politics from municipal administration.
Which of the following was not among the platform planks adopted by the Populist party in their convention of 1892?
Government guarantees of parity prices for farmers
Economic unrest and the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act led to the rise in the 1890s of the pro-silver political leader
William Jennings Bryan.
During his tour to support the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations,
Wilson suffered a collapse from physical and nervous exhaustion and a few days later suffered a stroke.
By 1900, advocates of women's suffrage
argued that the vote would enable women to extend their roles as mothers and homemakers to the public world.
America's initial Open Door policy was essentially an argument to promote
free trade and competition throughout all of China.
The Wagner Act of 1935 proved to be a trailblazing law that
gave labor the legal right to organize and bargain collectively.
The Morrill Act of 1862
granted public lands to states to support higher education.
As a part of his reform program, Teddy Roosevelt advocated all of the following except
guaranteed recognition of labor unions.
The nineteenth-century humanitarians who advocated kind treatment of the Indians
had no more respect for traditional Indian culture than those who sought to exterminate them.
One group barred from membership in the Knights of Labor was
"nonproducers" such as liquor dealers, professional gamblers, lawyers, bankers, and stockbrokers.
The ___ Amendment gave women the right to vote.
19th
Which one of the following members of President Harding's cabinet proved to be incompetent and corrupt?
Albert Fall
Activists in the anti-liquor campaigns saw saloons and alcohol as intimately linked with
All of these choices are correct.
Which of the following internal developments in China resulted in Chinese immigration to the United States?
All of these choices are correct.
Which of the following represented political divisions that divided the Democratic party in the presidential election of 1924?
All of these choices are correct.
Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom program in the election of 1912 included the
All of these choices are correct.
The most effective and most enduring labor union of the post-Civil War period was the
American Federation of Labor.
Following the conclusion of the Civil War,
Americans increasingly shared a common and standardized popular culture.
The 1920 census revealed that, for the first time, most
Americans lived in cities.
The public library movement across America was greatly aided by the generous financial support from
Andrew Carnegie
Which of the following sports was not developed in the decades following the Civil War?
Baseball
The zeal of federal agents in enforcing prohibition laws against liquor smugglers strained U.S. diplomatic relations with
Canada.
Before his first term ended, Woodrow Wilson had militarily intervened in or purchased all of the following countries except
Cuba.
US soldiers during World War I were nicknamed
Doughboys
Although they were commonly called "Social Darwinists," advocates of economic, national, or racial "survival of the fittest" ideas actually drew less on biologist Charles Darwin than on
English philosopher Herbert Spencer and Yale professor William Graham Sumner.
The Populist party arose as the direct successor to the
Farmers' Alliance.
As a result of America's insistence that its Allies' war debts be repaid in full, the
French and British demanded enormous reparations payments from Germany.
Which of these is NOT a true statement about the sinking of the Lusitania?
Germany immediately pledged not to sink unarmed passenger ships anymore.
Which of the following was not among the major new research universities founded in the post-Civil War era?
Harvard University
The United States gained a perpetual lease on the Panama Canal Zone in the
Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty.
The sequence of presidential terms of the "forgettable presidents" of the Gilded Age (including Cleveland's two nonconsecutive terms) was
Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, and Cleveland.
The first federal regulatory agency designed to protect the public interest from business combinations was the
Interstate Commerce Commission.
The Populist party's presidential candidate in 1892 was
James B. Weaver.
The most tenacious pursuer of radical elements during the red scare of the early 1920s was
Mitchell Palmer.
The first major farmers' organization was the
National Grange.
was designed to head off labor disputes that might hamper the war effort.
National War Labor Board
The largest single source of silver and gold in the frontier of the West was discovered in 1859 in
Nevada.
Teddy Roosevelt received the Republican vice-presidential nomination in 1900 mainly because
New York party bosses wanted him out of the New York governorship.
The major alternative route, besides Panama, that was seriously considered as the location for a canal between oceans was across
Nicaragua.
Which of the following American passenger liners was sunk by German submarines?
None of these were American ships.
was/were adversely affected by the dismantling of government regulations and the withdrawal of government assistance by the federal government at the end of World War I.
Organized labor
The United States asserted that it had a virtual right of continuing intervention in Cuba in th
Platt Amendment
Which of the following was not among the industries that prospered mightily with widespread use of the automobile?
Railroads
While president, Theodore Roosevelt chose to label his reform proposals as the
Square Deal.
The first talkie motion picture was
The Jazz Singer.
What was the primary argument of Senate opponents such as Senator Henry Cabot Lodge against the League of Nations as proposed in the Treaty of Versailles?
The League of Nations would isolate the US from postwar world affiars.
The Panic of 1907 exposed the need for substantial reform in
U.S. banking and currency policies.
Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act was inspired by the publication of
Upton Sinclair's The Jungle.
Woodrow Wilson's administration refused to extend formal diplomatic recognition to the government in Mexico headed by
Victoriano Huerta.
Teddy Roosevelt decided to run for the presidency in 1912 because
William Howard Taft had seemed to discard Roosevelt's progressive policies.
Americans favored providing aid to the Cuban revolutionaries for all of the following reasons except
a belief that Spain's control of Cuba presented a national security threat to the United States.
Woodrow Wilson's political philosophy included all of the following except
a belief that compromise was necessary to be an effective leader.
In response to the Boxer Rebellion, the United States
abandoned its general principles of nonentanglement and noninvolvement in overseas conflict.
Woodrow Wilson was most comfortable when surrounded by
academic scholars.
One of Herbert Hoover's chief strengths as a presidential candidate was his
acumen for administration and his management skills.
The Cuban insurrectos who wanted to overthrow Spanish rule in Cuba
adopted a scorched-earth policy of burning cane fields and sugar mills.
All of the following are true of Marcus Garvey, founder of the United Negro Improvement Association, except he
advocated the idea of developing an elite "talented tenth" to lead African American economic and social progress and promote racial integration in the United States.
The battleship Maine was sunk by
an accidental internal explosion on the ship.
The monetary inflation needed to relieve the social and economic hardships of the late nineteenth century eventually came as a result of
an increase in the international gold supply.
The public outcry after the horrible Triangle Shirtwaist fire led many states to pass
antisweatshop and workers' compensation laws for job injuries.
The bitter conflict between whites and Indians intensified
as the mining frontier expanded.
The major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was the
availability of industrial jobs.
The depression of the 1890s and episodes like the Pullman Strike made the election of 1896 shape up as a
battle between down-and-out workers and farmers and establishment conservatives.
Americans offered growing support for a free public education system
because they accepted the idea that a free government cannot function without educated citizens.
With the Pendleton Act prohibiting political contributions from many federal workers, politicians increasingly sought money from
big corporations.
The short-term legal outcome of the 1925 Scopes Trial was that
biology teacher John Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution and fined.
President Grover Cleveland aroused widespread public anger by his
borrowing $65 million in gold from J.P. Morgan's banking syndicate.
In an attempt to avoid prosecution for their corrupt dealings, the owners of the Crédit Mobilizer
bribed key congressmen by giving them shares of the company's valuable stock.
The Plains Indians were finally forced to surrender and end their resistance to losing their lands
by the coming of the railroads and the virtual extermination of the buffalo.
The largest southern-based monopolistic corporation was the one founded by James Duke to produce
cigarettes
Immediately after taking office, President Roosevelt responded to the banking crisis by
closing all American banks for a week, while reorganizing them on a sounder basis.
Andrew Carnegie's system of vertical integration
combined all facets of an industry, from raw material to final product, within a single company.
When elected to the presidency in 1928, Herbert Hoover
combined small-town values with wide experience in modern corporate America.
According to the text, Teddy Roosevelt's most important and enduring achievement may have been
conserving American resources and protecting the environment.
The Glass-Steagall Act
created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure individual bank deposits.
The Darwinian theory of organic evolution through natural selection affected American religion by
creating a split between religious conservatives who denied evolution and accomodationists who supported it.
The case of Lochner v. New York represented a setback for progressives and labor advocates because in its ruling, the Supreme Court
declared a law limiting work to ten hours a day unconstitutional.
President Woodrow Wilson persuaded the American people to enter World War I by
declaring it a crusade "to make the world safe for democracy."
General Lewis Wallace's book, Ben Hur
defended Christianity against Darwinism.
The main reason(s) that the Chinese came to the United States from the 1850s until 1882 was/were to
dig for gold and sledgehammer the tracks for the transcontinental railroad in the West.
President Taft's foreign policy was dubbed
dollar diplomacy.
Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to
establish the League of Nations.
Settlement houses, such as Hull House, engaged in all of the following activities except
evangelical religious instruction.
To assimilate Indians into American society, the Dawes Act did all of the following except
expand recognized tribes' collective land ownership holdings.
In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt campaigned on the promise that as president he would attack the Great Depression by
experimenting with bold new programs for economic and social reform.
In the course of the late nineteenth century
family size gradually declined.
All of the following contributed to the Dust Bowl of the 1930s except
farmers' failure to use steam tractors and other modern equipment.
In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court upheld the principle promoted by progressives like Florence Kelley and Louis Brandeis that
female workers required special rules and protection on the job.
John D. Rockefeller's organizational technique of horizontal integration involved
forcing small competitors to assign stock to Standard Oil, then consolidating and integrating the operations of the previously competing enterprises, or lose their business.
The fate of most of the Okies and other Dust Bowl migrants who headed west to California was that they
found themselves mired in poverty, squalor, and lack of economic opportunity in the San Joaquin Valley.
The Federal Reserve Act gave the Federal Reserve Board the authority to
issue paper money and increase or decrease the amount of money in circulation by altering interest rates.
The National Recovery Administration (NRA) failed largely because
it required too much self-sacrifice on the part of industry, labor, and the public.
All of the following are true statements about the Homestead Act except
it was consistent with previous government public land policy designed primarily to raise revenue for government.
Japan's victories in the early stages of the Russo-Japanese War were especially stunning because
it was the first time in many centuries that a non-European nation had defeated a European great power.
The first major product of the oil industry was
kerosene.
The National American Woman Suffrage Association
limited its membership to whites excluding all blacks from membership.
The root cause of the American farmers' problems after 1880 was
low prices and a deflated currency.
Blacks who violated the Jim Crow laws or other elements of the South's racial code were often
lynched by Southern whites.
The American airline industry in the 1920s made most of its early profits through
mail contracts with the federal government.
The Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution was a key progressive reform designed to
make Senators directly elected and end the Senate millionaire's club
Most muckrakers believed that their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to
make the public aware of social problems
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, established by Hoover to deal with the depression, was charged with
making loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments.
All of the following are true statements about the men who joined the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) except
many of the men had criminal records.
The two industries that the transcontinental railroads most significantly expanded were
mining and agriculture.
According to progressives, the cure for all of American democracy's ills was
more democracy.
In the late nineteenth century, those political candidates who campaigned by "waving the bloody shirt" were reminding voters
of the gory memories of the Civil War and the Republican party's role in the Union's victory.
President Hoover's approach to the Great Depression was to
offer federal assistance to businesses and banks but not individuals.
America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which
offered a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments that relied on the continual flow of loose or "easy" American credit through the 1920s and early 1930s in order to succeed.
The post-World War I Ku Klux Klan advocated all of the following except
opposition to prohibition.
The Federal Farm Board, created by the Agricultural Marketing Act, lent money to farmers primarily to help them to
organize producers' cooperatives.
The 1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact
ostensibly and naively attempted to outlaw war as a legitimate means to resolve armed conflict arising from geopolitical rivalries between and among nations.
The central provisions of the Clayton Anti-Trust Act
outlawed corporate interlocking directorates and price discrimination against different purchasers.
One of the major problems facing farmers in the 1920s was
overproduction.
In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant
owed his victory to the votes of former slaves.
In 1913, Woodrow Wilson broke with a custom dating back to Jefferson's day when he
personally delivered his presidential State of the Union address to Congress.
Agreements between railroad corporations to divide the business in a given area and share the profits were called
pools
Edward Bellamy's novel, Looking Backward, inspired numerous late-nineteenth-century social reformers by
portraying a utopian America in the year 2000, where nationalized industry had solved all social problems.
Henry Ford's most distinctive contribution to the automobile industry was
production of a standardized, relatively inexpensive automobile.
The advent of the gasoline-powered tractor in the 1920s meant that
productivity went way up but so did debt.
John Dewey can rightly be called the "father of ____."
progressive education
As a leader of the African American community, Booker T. Washington
promoted black self-help but did not challenge segregation directly.
The Zimmerman note
proposed a German Mexican alliance, promising that Mexico would recover Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
The real purpose of Teddy Roosevelt's assault on trusts was to
prove that the democratic federal government, not private business, governed the United States.
The most controversial aspect of the Tennessee Valley Authority was its effort to
provide cheap electrical power in competition with private industry.
In the case of Wabash, St. Louis, and Pacific Railroad Company v. Illinois, the U.S. Supreme Court held that state legislatures could not regulate railroads because
railroads were interstate businesses and could not be regulated by any single state.
The Newlands Act, passed under Theodore Roosevelt's administration, was designed to
reclaim and irrigate unproductive lands.
The Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) proposed to solve the farm problem by
reducing agricultural production.
In several states, farmers helped to pass the Granger Laws, which were designed to
regulate railroad rates and grain storage fees.
The twelve regional banks created by the Federal Reserve Act were
regulated by the Federal Reserve Board. owned by private banks.
The Works Progress Administration was a major ____ program of the New Deal; the Public Works Administration was a long-range ____ program; and the Social Security Act was a major ____ program.
relief; recovery; reform
The Indians battled whites for all the following reasons except to
rescue their families who had been exiled to Oklahoma.
The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 attempted to
reverse the forced assimilation of Native Americans into white society by establishing tribal self-government.
The image of the "Gibson Girl" represented a(n)
romantic ideal of the independent and athletic new woman.
In the textiles mills of the industrializing South, all of the following are true statements except
rural black and white southerners landed plumb jobs in the new mills.
The Federal Trade Commission was established in 1914 to address all of these practices except
sale of stocks without full disclosure of a business's organization and profits.
The term "Hoovervilles" refers to
shantytowns filled with shacks created by homeless people during the Great Depression.
Hawaii's Queen Liliuokalani was forced from power in 1893 because
she opposed annexation to the United States and insisted that native Hawaiians should continue to control Hawaii.
Both ratified in the 1930s, the Twentieth Amendment ____ and the Twenty-first Amendment ____.
shortened the time between presidential election and inauguration; ended prohibition
The Immigration Act of 1924 discriminated directly against
southern and eastern Europeans and Japanese.
During his presidency, Teddy Roosevelt did all of the following except
substantially weaken corporate capitalism.
The American Protective Association
supported immigration restrictions.
The first Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) raised the money that it paid to farmers not to grow crops by
taxing processors of farm products.
In the late nineteenth century, tax and other benefits especially attracted ____ manufacturing to the new South.
textile
In the case of Schenck v. United States the Supreme Court ruled
that freedom of speech could be revoked if it posed a "clear and present danger."
On the question of whether American laws applied to the overseas territory acquired in the Spanish-American War, the Supreme Court ruled in the Insular Cases that
the American Constitution and laws did not apply to U.S. colonies.
Theodore Roosevelt strongly encouraged the Panamanians to revolt against Colombia because
the Colombian senate had rejected the American offer to buy a canal route across Panama.
After Franklin Roosevelt's failed attempt to pack the Supreme Court
the Court began to rule that New Deal programs were constitutional.
President Ulysses S. Grant was reelected in 1872 because
the Democrats and Liberal Republicans chose the politically and personally eccentric and dubiously sound editor Horace Greeley as their candidate.
In the Root-Takahira agreement of 1908
the United States and Japan agreed to respect each other's territorial holdings in the Pacific.
In 1899, guerrilla warfare broke out in the Philippines because
the United States refused to give the Filipino people their independence.
The place that offered the greatest opportunities for American women in the period 1865-1900 was
the big city.
The most immediate emergency facing Franklin Roosevelt when he became president in March 1933 was
the collapse of nearly the entire banking system
American involvement in the affairs of Latin American nations, at the turn of the century, usually stemmed from
the fact that they were chronically in debt.
The Nez Percé Indians of Idaho were goaded into war when
the federal government attempted to force them onto a reservation.
The influential cultural film during the 1920s, Birth of a Na
the film glorified the Ku Klux Klan and portrayed blacks as corrupt politicians or rapists.
The Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s was a reaction against
the forces of diversity and modernity that were transforming American culture.
The national railroad strike of 1877 started when
the four largest railroads cut salaries by 10 percent.
American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brick and steel in their downtown districts after
the great Chicago fire of 1871.
One key to the Republican victory in the 1896 presidential election was
the huge financial and propaganda effort of Mark Hanna and the Republicans.
The Teapot Dome political scandal of President Harding's administration resulted in the conviction and imprisonment of his secretary of
the interior.
The United States changed to standard time zones when
the major rail lines decreed common fixed times so that they could keep schedules and avoid wrecks.
The Ku Klux Klan nearly collapsed in the late 1920s when
the organization was publicly exposed as a corrupt and cynical racket.
Most Italian immigrants to the United States between 1880 and 1920 came to escape
the poverty and backwardness of southern Italy.
The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 guaranteed a substantial measure of public control over the American banking and currency system through the great authority given to
the presidentially appointed Federal Reserve Board.
The red scare of 1919-1920 was provoked by
the public's fear that labor troubles were sparked by communist and anarchist revolutionaries.
The greatest single factor helping to spur the amazing industrialization of the post-Civil War years was
the railroad network
A major problem faced by settlers on the Great Plains in the 1870s was
the scarcity of water.
U.S. Attorney General Richard Olney and President Grover Cleveland justified federal intervention in the Pullman strike of 1894 on the grounds that
the strike was preventing the transit of U.S. mail.
The major electoral problem in the 1876 presidential election centered on
the two sets of different election returns, one Democratic, and one Republican, submitted by Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
The Compromise of 1877 resulted in
the withdrawal of federal troops and abandonment of federal protection of black civil and voting rights in the South.
When Woodrow Wilson won reelection in 1916, he received strong support from
the working class and former Progressive Bull Moose party members.
As a result of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930
the worldwide economic depression deepened considerably.
America's European allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the United States made to them during World War I because
they had paid a much heavier price in lost lives, so it was only fair for the United States to write off the debt.
Teddy Roosevelt helped to end the 1902 strike in the anthracite coal mines by
threatening to seize the mines and to operate them with federal troops.
Two technological innovations that greatly expanded the industrial employment of women in the late nineteenth century were the
typewriter and the telephone.
Lincoln Steffens, in his series of articles entitled The Shame of the Cities
unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government.
The National Labor Relations Act proved most beneficial to
unskilled workers.
The extended Open Door policy advocated in Secretary John Hay's second note to all the great powers called on them to
uphold the territorial integrity of China.
Teddy Roosevelt's role in the Panamanian Revolution involved
using American naval forces to block Colombian troops from crushing the revolt.
Teddy Roosevelt believed that large corporate trusts
were candidates for being broken up only if they acted as monopolies against the public interest.
By the late nineteenth century, most of the Old Immigrant groups from northern and Western Europe
were largely accepted as American, even though they often lived in separate ethnic neighborhoods.
The Rough Riders, organized principally by Teddy Roosevelt,
were turned into an effective fighting force by Colonel Leonard Wood.
During the mid to late nineteenth century, Chinese women
were very few in number, and most became prostitutes
In the 1920 election
women voted for the presidency for the first time.
In seeking congressional approval to enact lower tariffs in 1887, President Grover Cleveland
All of these choices are correct.
The New Nationalism program of Theodore Roosevelt and the "Bull Moose" Progressives of 1912
All of these choices are correct.
The United States declared war on Germany
after German U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels.
Congress's passage of the Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act demonstrated that the federal government
was willing to benefit and support women primarily in their role as mothers.
