Reconstruction - Black Codes, Jim Crow & KKK

Ku Klux Klan

White supremacy organization that intimidated and terrorized blacks out of their newly found liberties.

Plessy v. Ferguson

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were "separate but equal."

amendment

a formal change to the constitution.

segregation

A social system that provides separate facilities for people of different races

14th amendment

It guaranteed everyone equal protection under the law.

13th amendment

It guaranteed the end of slavery in the United States.

grandfather clause

Allowed poor whites to vote while denying the right to poor blacks.

racism

Discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race.

sharecropper

Farmer who works land owned by another and is requird to give the landowner a set percentage of the harvest - what many former slaves became after the Civil War.

Freedman's Bureau

Federal agency set up in 1865 to provide food, schools, and medical care to free slaves in the south.

15th amendment

Gave African Americans the right to vote.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws passed in the south after Reconstruction enforcing the segregation of blacks and whites.

Black Codes

Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves and placed African Americans in slavelike conditions.

Slaughterhouse Case

Supreme Court case that removed Fourteenth Amendment protections from state laws, allowing for passage of Jim Crow laws.

civil rights

The constitutional rights due all citizens.

reconstruction

The period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union.

abolish

To do away with or put an end to slavery.

John Wilkes Booth

assassinated Abraham Lincoln.

Ida Wells-Barnett

fought to end lynchings

Homer Plessy

man who challenged the Louisiana law requiring blacks to ride in a separate car on trains.