Rel 101 Web Midterm (Hinduism) Bos Ole Miss

Holi

- is the most popular festival. Holi is a popular and significant Hindu festival celebrated as the Festival of Colours, Love and Spring. It celebrates the eternal and divine love of the god Radha and Krishna.

Yoga

A set of specific exercises, called poses, combined with specific breathing techniques and meditation principles are the building blocks of a yoga

Which of the following terms refers to a Hindu's devotional commitment to one or more of the gods? a. bhakti b. maya c. ahimsa d. brahman

A. Bhakti

In Hinduism, which term means "liberation" and designates the release from the potentially endless cycle of reincarnation? a. moksha b. bhakti c. maya d. ahimsa

A. Moksha

Which of the following terms represents one of the six orthodox Hindu philosophical systems and refers specifically to the "joinging" of the atman and brahman? a. yoga b. samsara c. puja d. ahimsa

A. Yoga

Law of Manu

Piece of traditional Indian literature produced during the classical era. Manu encompasses topics as wide-ranging as the social obligations and duties of the various castes, the proper way for a righteous king to rule and to punish transgressors, relations between men and women, birth, death, taxes, karma, rebirth and ritual practices. It demonstrates the state of the understanding of rebirth in this period. Finally, it clearly articulates this connection between karma, caste, and rebirth.

Samsara

Samsara is considered to be dukkha, suffering, and in general unsatisfactory and painful, perpetuated by desire and avidya (ignorance), and the resulting karma.

Shiva

Shiva. God of Destruction. Master of Poison and Medicine, the Great Yogi, God of Time, the Cosmic Dancer.

Ganesha

elephant-headed Hindu god of beginnings, who is traditionally worshipped before any major enterprise

Moksha

The goal of most Indian religions is to break the cycle of karma and samsara and be free from life's burden. This breaking free of life is known as moksha

Agni

The god of fire in early Indian civilizations. This was the channel for other offerings to be presented to other gods. Fire was the basic means by which sacrifices were offered to the gods.

Brahma

is a Hindu god, referred to as "the Creator"

Kali

is a Hindu goddess who is considered to be the goddess of ultimate power. goddess of time, doomsday, and death, or the black goddess

Dasehra

is a major Hindu festival celebrated every year at the end of Navaratri. It is observed on the tenth day of the month of Ashvin, the seventh in the Hindu Luni-Solar Calendar

Karma

term that literally means "action" or "doing". karma as the relationship between a person's mental or physical action and the consequences following that action.

Ahimsa

the ethical principle of not causing harm to other living things.

Maya

the magic power with which a god can make human beings believe in what turns out to be an illusion. is a Buddhist term translated as "pretense" or "deceit"

Varnas

refers to a social class within a hierarchical caste system. Shudras (Artisans and Workers) Vaishyas (Farmers, Merchants and Business people) Kshatriyas (Warriors, Police and Administrators) Brahmana (Priests, Teachers and Intellectuals)

Aryan Religion

Aryan religion may refer to: Ancient Hinduism was a polytheistic religion. It has common origins with the Greek, Roman, and Egyptian polytheistic religions. The Aryan religion, as well as the Aryan rituals and culture are shaped by the Vedas, which are collections of religious hymns.

What is the impact of Shankara's monistic philosophy on ritual devotion to the gods? a. It makes it very necessary since the gods are different from humans b. It makes it unnecessary since the gods and humans are both brahman c. It does not have any impact at all d. it makes it impossible

B. It makes it unnecessary since the gods and humans are all brahman

Which of the following pieces of literature is the earliest (that is, oldest) sacred text in Hinduism and contains hymns to the Aryan gods? a. The Upanishads b. The Rig Veda c. The Mashabharata d. The Law of Manu

B. The Rig Veda

In Hinduism, the law of moral cause-and-effect of one's "action" that impacts the quality of the next life is called what? a. moksha b. dharma c. karma d. puja

C. Karma

In the Bhagavad Gita, which avatar of Vishnu counsels Arjuna regarding the upcoming battle with his cousins? a. Rama b. Mohini c. Krishna d. Kalkin

C. Krishna

Which member of the Hindu trinity is responsible for the destruction of the universe, is called the lord of the dance, and is represented by a lingam (phallus)? a. Brahma b. Vishnu c. Shiva d. None of the above

C. Shiva

In Hinduism (and the other Indian Religions), the ethical ideal of causing "no harm" to anything that can suffer is called what? a. karma b. moksha c. samsara d. ahimsa

D. Ahimsa

Which term refers to a man from the top 3 varnas who is in the fourth stage of life? a. atman b. brahmin c. yoga d. sannyasin

D. Sannyasin

Divali

Diwali, also known as the Festival of Lights, is one of the most important festivals in Indian religions. It symbolises the spiritual "victory of light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance". The festival is widely associated with conflagrations between good and evil entities

Mahabharata

The Bhagavad Gita is found within the text of a longer story called the Mahabharata. It is the story of the struggles between the two leading families from the beginning of Indian history. Finally, these two families come together in the battle of Kurukshetra, I

Vishnu

The Hindu god Vishnu represents the protector of humanity and cosmic order.

Brahman

The unchanging, infinite, immanent, and transcendent reality which is the Divine Ground of all matter, energy, time, space, being, and everything beyond in this Universe. The nature of Brahman is described as transpersonal, personal and impersonal by different philosophical schools.

Vedas

These are the oldest sacred books of Hinduism. They are the basic source of the Hindu understanding of the universe. They were developed when the Aryans came to India, There are four basic books. Each - book is made up of four parts, each containing a section of hymns to the gods. 1) Rigveda (- meaning knowledge or sacred lore). 2) Yajurveda (Knowledge of rites). 3) Samaveda (Knowledge of chants). 4) Atharvaveda (Knowledge given by the sage Atharva).

Dharma

an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law. Hinduism and Buddhism. : the basic principles of cosmic or individual existence : divine law. : conformity to one's duty and nature.

Upanishads

are ancient texts from India. The Upanishads present a vision of an interconnected universe with a single, unifying principle behind the apparent diversity in the cosmos, any articulation of which is called brahman.

Puja

ceremonial worship, ranging from brief daily rites in the home to elaborate temple rituals. consists of making an offering of flowers or fruit to an image of a god.

Purana

literally meaning "ancient, old". Indian literature about a wide range of topics, particularly about legends and other traditional lore

Bhakti

means "attachment, participation, fondness for, homage, faith, love, devotion, worship, purity". It was originally used in Hinduism, referring to devotion and love for a personal god or a representational god by a devotee.

Vedanta

means God is infinite existence, infinite consciousness, and infinite bliss.

Bhagavad Gita

often referred to as the Gita,, means "Song of the Spirit," It is considered to be one of the holy scriptures for Hinduism.

Atman

the spiritual life principle of the universe, especially when regarded as inherent in the real self of the individual. a person's soul.

Mohandas Gandhi

was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist. His doctrine of non- violent protest to achieve political and social progress has been hugely influential.

Sannyasi/Sadhu (4 Stages of Life)

word that describes someone who has reached the life stage of sannyasa, or "renouncement of material possession." A sannyasin has turned away from all material possessions and emotional ties. They now live only to perfect their understanding of the spiritual world. Brahmacharya (student), Gṛhastha (householder), Vanaprastha (forest walker/forest dweller), and Sannyasa (renunciate).