renal test

Bethanechol chloride is prescribed for a client with urinary retention. Which disorder would be a contraindication to the administration of this medication? a. Urinary strictures b. Gastroesophageal reflux c. Gastric atony d. Neurogenic atony

a

Oxybutynin chloride is prescribed for a client with urge incontinence. Which sign would indicate a possible toxic effect related to this medication? a. Restlessness b. Pallor c. Drowsiness d. Bradycardia

a

The nurse is monitoring an older client suspected of having a urinary tract infection (UTI) for signs of the infection. Which sign/symptom should occur first? a. Fever b. Urgency c. Confusion d. Frequency

a

A client who has a cold is seen in the emergency department with an inability to void. Because the client has a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the nurse determines that the client should be questioned about the use of which medication? a. Decongestants b. Diuretics c. Antibiotics d. Antilipemics

a

After a renal biopsy, the client complains of pain at the biopsy site, which radiates to the front of the abdomen. Which would this indicate? a. Bleeding b. Infection c. Renal colic d. Normal, expected pain

a

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which instruction should be included in the list? a. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water per day. b. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider (HCP) immediately. c. Advise that sunscreen is not needed. d. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response.

a

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is prescribed for a client. The nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom if it develops during the course of this medication therapy? a. Sore throat b. Nausea c. Headache d. Diarrhea

a

Following a kidney, ureters, and bladder (KUB) x-ray, the client has been diagnosed with urolithiasis. The nurse provides home care instructions to the client and provides them with which instruction(s)? Select all that apply. a. Strain all urine for stones. b. Drink plenty of fluids daily. c. Avoid walking or other activity. d. Apply ice to the area where the pain is located. e. Restrict food intake until the stone has passed.

a,b

The nurse is reviewing the client's record and notes that the health care provider has documented that the client has a renal disorder. Which laboratory results would indicate a decrease in renal function? Select all that apply. a. Decreased red blood cell (RBC) count b. Elevated serum creatinine level c. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level d. Increased white blood cell (WBC) count e. Elevated thrombocyte cell count

a,b,c

The nurse is caring for the client with epididymitis. Which treatment modalities should be implemented? Select all that apply. a. Bed rest b. Sitz bath c. Antibiotics d. Heating pad e. Scrotal elevation

a,b,c,e

A client with sepsis has been receiving intravenous antibiotics, and acute kidney injury has developed as a result. The nurse assesses the client and reviews the laboratory results. Which findings should the nurse expect to note during the oliguric stage of acute kidney injury? Select all that apply. a. A calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL (2 mmol/L) b. A creatinine level of 2.0 mg/dL (178.8 mcmol/L) c. A serum sodium level of 159 mEq/L (159 mmol/L) d. A serum potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L) e. A blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL (8.9 mmol/L)

a,b,e

A client is scheduled for intravenous pyelography (IVP). Which priority nursing action should the nurse take? a. Restrict fluids. b. Determine if there is a history of allergies. c. Administer a sedative. d. Administer an oral preparation of radiopaque dye.

b

A client with a urinary tract infection is receiving ciprofloxacin by the intravenous (IV) route. The nurse appropriately administers the medication by performing which action? a. Infusing rapidly as a direct IV push medication b. Infusing slowly over 60 minutes c. Infusing in a light-protective bag d. Infusing only through a central line

b

A client with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) undergoes a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and is receiving continuous bladder irrigations postoperatively. Which are the signs/symptoms of transurethral resection (TUR) syndrome? a. Tachycardia and diarrhea b. Bradycardia and confusion c. Increased urinary output and anemia d. Decreased urinary output and bladder spasms

b

Nitrofurantoin is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. The client contacts the nurse and reports a cough, chills, fever, and difficulty breathing. The nurse should make which interpretation about the client's complaints? a. The client is experiencing expected effects of the medication. b. The client is experiencing a pulmonary reaction requiring cessation of the medication. c. The client is experiencing anaphylaxis. d. The client may have contracted the flu.

b

Phenazopyridine is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. The nurse evaluates that the medication is effective based on which observation? a. A reddish-orange discoloration of the urine is present. b. Urination is not painful. c. Urge incontinence is not present. d. Urine is clear amber.

b

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client receiving tacrolimus. Which laboratory result would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? a. White blood cell count of 6000 mm3 (5 to 10 × 109/L) b. Fasting blood glucose of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) c. Platelet count of 300,000 mm3 (300 × 109/L) d. Potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L)

b

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Which disorder, if noted on the client's record, would the nurse identify as a risk factor for this disorder? a. Hypoglycemia b. Diabetes mellitus c. Coronary artery disease d. Orthostatic hypotension

b

The nurse monitoring a client receiving peritoneal dialysis notes that the client's outflow is less than the inflow. The nurse should take which actions? Select all that apply. a. Contact the nephrologist. b. Check the level of the drainage bag. c. Reposition the client to his or her side. d. Place the client in good body alignment. e. Check the peritoneal dialysis system for kinks. f. Increase the flow rate of the peritoneal dialysis solution.

b,c,d,e

A client has epididymitis as a complication of a UTI . The nurse is giving the client instructions to prevent recurrence. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching if the client states the intention to do which? a. Drink an increased amount of fluids b. Limit the force of the stream during voiding c. Continue to take antibiotics until all symptoms are gone d. Use condoms to eliminate risk associated with chlamydia and gonorrhea

c

A client undergoes transplantation of a kidney from her brother. Which information should the nurse, in home care instructions to the client about graft rejection, provide to the client? a. Rejection always occurs during the 48 hours after surgery. b. Rejection is not a problem when the donor is a direct family member. c. The client should contact the primary health care provider if she notices weight gain or edema. d. The client should not be concerned about rejection, because immunosuppressive medications prevent its occurrence.

c

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L (6.1 mmol/L). Which finding in the electrocardiographic (ECG) reading should the nurse expect to note? a. U waves b. Elevated P waves c. Tall, peaked T waves d. Shortened PR interval

c

A client with prostatitis resulting from kidney infection has received instructions on management of the condition at home and prevention of recurrence. Which statement indicates that the client understood the instructions? a. Stop antibiotic therapy when pain subsides. b. Exercise as much as possible to stimulate circulation. c. Use warm sitz baths and analgesics to increase comfort. d. Keep fluid intake to a minimum to decrease the need to void.

c

Following kidney transplantation, cyclosporine is prescribed for a client. Which laboratory result would indicate an adverse effect from the use of this medication? a. Creatinine level of 0.6 mg/dL (53 mcmol/L) b. Fasting blood glucose level of 99 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L) c. Blood urea nitrogen level of 25 mg/dL (8.8 mmol/L) d. Hemoglobin level of 14.0 g/dL (140 mmol/L)

c

Tacrolimus is prescribed for a client who underwent a kidney transplant. Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching the client about this medication? a. Take the medication with a full glass of grapefruit juice. b. Change positions carefully due to risk of orthostatic hypotension. c. Take the oral medication every 12 hours at the same times every day. d. Eat at frequent intervals to avoid hypoglycemia.

c

The nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client who has been prescribed cyclosporine. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to exclude from the diet? a. Orange juice b. Green, leafy vegetables c. Grapefruit juice d. Red meats

c

The nurse receives a call from a client concerned about eliminating brown-colored urine after taking nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should make which appropriate response? a. "Take magnesium hydroxide with your medication to lighten the urine color." b. "Decrease your medication to half the dose, because your urine is too concentrated." c. "Continue taking the medication; the brown urine occurs and is not harmful." d. "Discontinue taking the medication and make an appointment for a urine culture."

c

The nurse, who is administering bethanechol chloride, is monitoring for cholinergic overdose associated with the medication. The nurse should check the client for which sign of overdose? a. Signs of dehydration b. Dry mouth c. Bradycardia d. Dry skin

c

A client whose father has polycystic kidney disease reports to the clinic for a physical examination. The client tells the nurse that she is concerned about the possibility of inheriting the disease. Which information should the nurse provide to the client? a. She shouldn't worry about inheriting the disorder. b. It is unlikely that she will inherit the disease, because it always skips a generation. c. She needs to get on with her life, because there is no known way to prevent the disease. d. She should be aware of the signs/symptoms of the disease and seek medical attention if they occur.

d

A client with chronic kidney disease has been on dialysis for 3 years. The client is receiving the usual combination of medications for the disease, including aluminum hydroxide as a phosphate-binding agent. The client now has mental cloudiness, dementia, and complaints of bone pain. What do these data indicate? a. Advancing uremia b. Phosphate overdose c. Folic acid deficiency d. Aluminum intoxication

d

A client with chronic kidney disease is receiving epoetin alfa. Which laboratory result would indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication? a. Blood urea nitrogen level of 15 mg/dL (5.25 mmol/L) b. Platelet count of 400,000 mm3 (400 × 109/L) c. White blood cell count of 6000 mm3 (6.0 × 109/L) d. Hematocrit of 33% (0.33)

d

A hemodialysis client has a newly created left arm fistula and is at risk for arterial steal syndrome. The nurse monitors the affected extremity for which signs and symptoms that indicate a complication related to this disorder? a. Edema and purpura of the left arm b. Aching pain, pallor, and edema of the left arm c. Warmth, redness, and pain in the left hand d. Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand

d

The client newly diagnosed with chronic kidney disease recently has begun hemodialysis. Knowing that the client is at risk for disequilibrium syndrome, the nurse should assess the client during dialysis for which associated manifestations (s/s)? a. Hypertension, tachycardia, and fever b. Hypotension, bradycardia, and hypothermia c. Restlessness, irritability, and generalized weakness d. Headache, deteriorating level of consciousness, and twitching

d

The nurse is collecting data from a client who has had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the past. To determine whether the client is currently experiencing exacerbation of BPH, the nurse should ask the client about the presence of which early symptom? a. Nocturia b. Urinary retention c. Urge incontinence d. Decreased force in the stream of urine

d

The nurse is collecting data on a newly admitted client with a diagnosis of urethritis (bladder cancer). Which sign/symptom should be noted first? a. Hematuria and pyuria b. Dysuria and proteinuria c. Hematuria and urgency d. Dysuria and penile discharge

d

The nurse provides information to a client treated for cystitis about measures to prevent its recurrence. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I should wear cotton underpants." b. "I need to wipe from front to back when I use the bathroom." c. "I should urinate and drink a glass of water after sex." d. "I can soak in a bathtub to relieve the pain and prevent infections in the future."

d