Sensation & Perception

The tendency to interpret an object as always being the same size regardless of its distance from the viewer is

size constancy

Many people believe that some stimuli act upon the unconscious mind and influence behavior

supraliminal perception

common name for the taste receptor cells

taste buds

Artists use the trick of ________ to give the illusion of depth in a painting.

texture gradient

lens

It changes shape to bring objects into focus

two kinds of vestibular organs

otolith organs and the semicircular canals

Which of the following statements related to culture and perception is TRUE?

Culture can affect visual perception

focus on human perception can still be seen in basic principles today.

Gestalt theorists'

Necker Cube

It has conflicting sets of depth cues.

Which of the following statements best explains how the sense of taste works?

Molecules of food fit into receptors on taste buds, and neural signals are fired to the brain.

the _______ illusion tends to occur more in societies with lots of buildings that have straight lines and corners

Muller illusion

_______ is due to the lack of functioning cones.

Protanopia

What refers to a rapid series of still pictures that seem to be in motion?

Stroboscopic motion

The sense of pain can be diminished by

a sense of control

the lowest level of stimulation that a person can consciously detect 50 percent of the time the stimulation is present

absolute threshold

When you smell baking bread, the bread odor particles:

are in the nose

Where is the retina located?

at the back of the eye

cells have a single dendrite at one end and a single axon at the other

bipolar

The three aspects to the perception of light are

brightness, color, and saturation

In 1996, Lindemann proposed a fifth primary receptor that detects which type of taste?

brothy

nerve hearing impairment can be helped with the use of

cochlear implants

In Gestalt theories, the principle of closure refers to the tendency

complete incomplete figures

motion sickness can be explained by

conflict between visual input and other sensory input

Mammals have the ability to hear up to 200,000 Hz

dolphins

inhibit the transmission of pain signals in the brain

endorphins

The body's reaction to dizziness with nausea is

evolutionarily adaptive

how pain works

gate-control thoery

The tendency of the brain to stop attending to constant, unchanging information is

habituation

People who have difficulty with their hearing are said to be either totally or partially

hearing impaired

Research suggest that perception influenced by

if someone is right-brained versus left-brained

Depth perception seems to develop

in the early infancy

depth perception

it helps one to judge how far away objects are

_______ have greater odds of having color deficient vision than _____.

males; females

How the sense of taste works?

molecules of food fit into receptors on taste buds and neural signals are fired to the brain

Rods are visual sensory receptors responsible for

noncolor sensitivity to low light

A highly saturated red color would contain _____ wavelengths.

only red

What portion of the ear serves as a funnel for sound from the outside world?

pinna

What are the three primary colors of light?

red, blue, green

Which part of the eye receives sensory signals and relays that information to the brain?

retina

-Terry stepped on a nail while walking around barefoot in her yard one week ago. The spot where the skin was punctured still hurts, reminding her to take it easy on her foot. The soreness. -Cooking grease splatters John while he is making breakfast, and he quickly jumps away from the stove.

somatic pain

The phi phenomenon is related to:

stroboscopic motion

refers to stimuli that are below the level of conscious awareness

subliminal stimuli

Brightness is determined by

the amplitude of the wave

Pictorial depth cues

they require visual cues from only one eye

if you stare at something for a long time, it does not disappear because

tiny movements of the eyes keep them from adapting to what they see

the use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole

top-down processing

Color blindness

when it involves one set of cones, it is an inherited recessive trait.

Gate-control theory

when the signal gates open further, there is a greater experience of pain