Six Sigma Performance Metrics
At a pharmaceutical supplies company, a total of 130 defects were observed on an inspection of 1000 units being shipped to a specific retailer. What's the DPU for the orders?
0.13
At an electronics company, a batch of 200 circuit boards is randomly selected and inspected. A total of 36 defects are found. What is the DPU for this batch of circuit boards?
0.18
A pharmaceutical company ships 250 orders of supplies. Each order has seven opportunities where errors can occur. The company finds 14 defects in the orders. What's the DPMO for this data set?
8000
Inspect of a new process
Appraisal cost
Testing of components
Appraisal cost
Quality education and training
Prevention cost
Specialized training
Prevention cost
Is calculated using the formula FTY1 x FTY2 x FTY3 x FTY4
RTY
Is defect sensitivity
RTY
Measuring variability
*Compares process variability or standards deviation to specification limits *Is used for continuous data that has normal distribution *Calulates Cp
What contributes to the cost of poor quality?
*Costs incurred when output doesn't meet customer expectation *Difference between actual cost and ideal cost of a product or process *Cost related to process inefficacy or poor scope *Activities or processes that don't meet expected outcomes
Which Six Sigma performance metrics are based on calculating defects or nonconformities?
*Defects per units *First time yield *Rolled throughput yield *Defects per million opportunities
A computer manufacturer has a goal of achieving a Six Sigma quality level. The company is performing a DPMO calculation for a new type of circuit board. What are examples of defect opportunities?
*There are 12 IPC Laminates with very precise thickness requirements *A circuit board must undergo three separate tests to pass inspection *Measurements of 3 dielectrics and conductors are taken to ensure the boards are meeting specifications within 2% tolerance
How can the COPQ be used as a performance metric in Six Sigma projects?
*To help create the project charter *As a baseline for improvement efforts *To track benefits throughout the project *To gather criteria for selecting future Six Sigma projects
A call center's ordering pizza process for pick up orders involves agents manually filling an electronic form while taking customers orders by phone. There are 12 fields on the form that the Customer Service representative have to complete including the customer's name, phone number, nine fields for the pizza description, and pick up time. What examples are possible defect opportunities
*Typing in the wrong description in any of the nine fields for the pizza order *Yping the wrong phone number in the case where a call back is required *Typing in the wrong pick-up time
Counting defects
*Works with discrete data *Examines conformity of process output *Is used to calculate DPU or DPMO
A medical supply firm's three-inch bandage manufacturing process has a USL of 3.1 inches and an LSL of 2.9 inches. Standard deviation is 0.0324 and the mean is 3.0095. What is the Cp for this process?
1.03
An electricity supplier finds four defects when inspecting 35 turbines bought from a manufacturer. The purchase manager has set 18 check points for each turbine. What is the DPMO for this data set?
6349.206
Returned Product
External Failure cost
Product recalls
External failure cost
Is calculated using the formula (units with no defects/ total units inspected) x 100
FTY
Is unit sensitive
FTY
High employee turnover
Hidden cost
Loss of reputation
Hidden cost
Rework
Internal failure cost
Scrap
Internal failure cost
What's the definition of rolled throughput yield?
The probability of a unit passing through an entire process with zero defects
What does rolled throughput yield calculated?
The probability of an entire process producing zero defects
