SmartBook Questions Ch. 1 Lecture

the chemical level of an organization is

- composed of atoms and molecules - the simplest level of organization

correct order

1. atoms 2. molecules 3. macromolecules 4. organelles 5. cells

_______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs, whereas _______ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the focus

anatomy physiology

the directional term that means "in front of" is

anterior

mammary is to ________ as brachial is to arm

breast

microscopic anatomy examines structures that _________ be seen by the unaided eye

cannot

what is the body's ability to maintain a consistent internal environment called

homeostasis

which plane is also called a median plane

midsagittal

in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the _________ direction of the stimulus

opposite

_______ examines the function of various organ systems

physiology

when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, it is best described as

positive feedback

the __________ extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions

sagittal plane

which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse plane

most processes in the body are controlled by negative feedback

true

cranial is to skull as auricular is to

ear

match the organ system with its description

endocrine system - secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical levels in the blood cardiovascular system - moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases lymphatic system - participates in immune response respiratory system - responsible for exchange of gases urinary system - filters the blood and removes waste from the blood

which plane passes through a structure at an angle

oblique plane

which is the correct example of a directional term

the heart is medial to the lungs

cytology refers to

the study of cells and their internal structure

visualizing the body in the __________ position is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions

anatomical

which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord

anterior

in the anatomic position, the palms face _________

anteriorly

the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element are called

atoms

the abdomen is _______ to the head

inferior/caudal

in terms of anatomic directional terms, _______ means in back of or toward the back surface

posterior

which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process

- these processes are dynamic - when homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs - negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check - the control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system

occipital refers to the

back of the head

click and drag elements in order

cells tissues organs organ systems organism

match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal

stimulus - vigorous exercise raises body temperature receptors - organs in the skin detect heat control center - hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature effectors - blood vessels dilate, sweat glands secrete sweat homeostasis - body temperature returns to normal

match the abdominopelvic region with its description

umbilical - the center of the nine regions epigastric - the region above the umbilical region right hypochondriac - the region to the right of the epigastric region right iliac - the region to the right of the hypogastric region

the _______ region of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk

axial

the correct anatomical term for armpit is

axillary

the term posterior means toward the ________ surface

back

because the end result of a positive feedback mechanism is to increase the activity, positive feedback mechanisms are much more common than negative feedback mechanisms

false

physiologists examine the _______ of various organ systems

function

match the systems with their descriptions

integumentary system - provides protection, regulates body temperature, and prevents water loss skeletal system - provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis muscular system - produces body movement and heat nervous system - controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal

receptors - free nerve endings in the skin detect cold control center - hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature effectors - blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver stimulus - cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal homeostasis - body temperature returns to normal

sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when a variable normally controlled by negative feedback is instead controlled by positive feedback

true