SmartBook Questions Ch. 1 Lecture
the chemical level of an organization is
- composed of atoms and molecules - the simplest level of organization
correct order
1. atoms 2. molecules 3. macromolecules 4. organelles 5. cells
_______ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs, whereas _______ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the focus
anatomy physiology
the directional term that means "in front of" is
anterior
mammary is to ________ as brachial is to arm
breast
microscopic anatomy examines structures that _________ be seen by the unaided eye
cannot
what is the body's ability to maintain a consistent internal environment called
homeostasis
which plane is also called a median plane
midsagittal
in a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the _________ direction of the stimulus
opposite
_______ examines the function of various organ systems
physiology
when a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, it is best described as
positive feedback
the __________ extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions
sagittal plane
which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?
transverse plane
most processes in the body are controlled by negative feedback
true
cranial is to skull as auricular is to
ear
match the organ system with its description
endocrine system - secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical levels in the blood cardiovascular system - moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases lymphatic system - participates in immune response respiratory system - responsible for exchange of gases urinary system - filters the blood and removes waste from the blood
which plane passes through a structure at an angle
oblique plane
which is the correct example of a directional term
the heart is medial to the lungs
cytology refers to
the study of cells and their internal structure
visualizing the body in the __________ position is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions
anatomical
which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord
anterior
in the anatomic position, the palms face _________
anteriorly
the smallest units of matter having the chemical properties of the element are called
atoms
the abdomen is _______ to the head
inferior/caudal
in terms of anatomic directional terms, _______ means in back of or toward the back surface
posterior
which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process
- these processes are dynamic - when homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs - negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check - the control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system
occipital refers to the
back of the head
click and drag elements in order
cells tissues organs organ systems organism
match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal
stimulus - vigorous exercise raises body temperature receptors - organs in the skin detect heat control center - hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature effectors - blood vessels dilate, sweat glands secrete sweat homeostasis - body temperature returns to normal
match the abdominopelvic region with its description
umbilical - the center of the nine regions epigastric - the region above the umbilical region right hypochondriac - the region to the right of the epigastric region right iliac - the region to the right of the hypogastric region
the _______ region of the body includes the head, neck, and trunk
axial
the correct anatomical term for armpit is
axillary
the term posterior means toward the ________ surface
back
because the end result of a positive feedback mechanism is to increase the activity, positive feedback mechanisms are much more common than negative feedback mechanisms
false
physiologists examine the _______ of various organ systems
function
match the systems with their descriptions
integumentary system - provides protection, regulates body temperature, and prevents water loss skeletal system - provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis muscular system - produces body movement and heat nervous system - controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication
match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal
receptors - free nerve endings in the skin detect cold control center - hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature effectors - blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver stimulus - cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal homeostasis - body temperature returns to normal
sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when a variable normally controlled by negative feedback is instead controlled by positive feedback
true