Smartbook reproductive system
Indicate the three male accessory glands. bulbourethral gland ductus deferens prostate seminal vesicle seminiferous tubule
bulbourethral gland prostate seminal vesicle
Which layer of the uterus undergoes regular, recurring changes during the menstrual cycle? perimetrium myometrium endometrium
endometrium
All of the following are accessory glands of the male reproductive system except the ______. seminal vesicles prostate gland bulbourethral glands epididymis
epididymis
Which contraceptive method prevents pregnancy by interfering with ovulation? morning-after-pill IUD condom contraceptive jelly
morning-after-pill
Sperm are produced by the ______ sex organs and transported to the outside of the body by the actions of ______ sex organs. primary; accessory secondary; primary secondary; accessory
primary; accessory
At puberty, FSH levels increase and the ovaries enlarge. Throughout a woman's reproductive years, primordial follicles mature into ______ follicles. primary mature
primary
space that contains openings for the vagina and urethra
vestibule
A woman in mid life is in the period of ______ after menstruation has ceased for a year. oligomenorrhea menarche menopause perimenopause
menopause
The period of life in which follicles no longer mature, the concentration of estrogens decreases, and female reproductive organs shrink is called?
menopause
Throughout a woman's reproductive years, primordial follicles first mature into ______. primary follicles mature follicles the corpus luteum secondary oocytes
primary follicles
What is ovulation? process of releasing cells from the follicles process of a sperm and oocyte merging process of follicular maturation process of development of an oocyte
process of releasing cells from the follicles
Which birth control method requires abstinence from sexual intercourse two days before and one day after ovulation? mechanical barrier injectable contraception rhythm method coitus interruptus
rhythm method
The male external reproductive organs are the penis and the sac-like structure called the?
scrotum
Indicate which of the following structures are male external reproductive organs. prostate gland seminal vesicles scrotum penis bulbourethral glands
scrotum penis
The external accessory organs of the male reproductive system are the ______. seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands penis and prostate gland scrotum and penis testis and ductus deferens
scrotum and penis
Which two cells are released from the mature antral follicle during ovulation? primary oocyte secondary oocyte second polar body first polar body
secondary oocyte first polar body
The process of meiosis produces ______ genetically ______ cells. four; identical four; different two; identical two; different
four; different
What type of contraceptive is medroxyprogesterone acetate? chemical barrier intrauterine device injectable contraceptive combined oral contraceptive
injectable contraceptive
Most androgens are produced by the _______ cells of the testes, but the adrenal _______ also synthesizes small amounts.
interstitial cortex
Indicate the birth control method that delivers estrogen-like and progesterone-like hormones to prevent pregnancy. chemical barrier contraceptives combined hormone contraceptives mechanical barrier contraceptives intrauterine devices
combined hormone contraceptives
A method designed to avoid fertilization of an oocyte or to prevent implantation of a blastocyst containing the embryo is called?
contraception
Successful birth control, or __________ , requires a method such as barriers or hormone supplements, designed to avoid fertilization or implantation after sexual intercourse.
contraception
Indicate the four statements that describe a vasectomy. It changes hormonal concentrations and sex drive. After a vasectomy, sperm cells are excluded from the semen. It is one of the most reliable forms of contraception. It is an operation that produces few side effects. It involves removing a section of the vas deferens and tying the cut ends.
After a vasectomy, sperm cells are excluded from the semen. It is one of the most reliable forms of contraception. It is an operation that produces few side effects. It involves removing a section of the vas deferens and tying the cut ends.
Why is the term sexually transmitted infection replacing the term sexually transmitted disease? Because a person may transmit the pathogen to others but not develop the symptoms of the disease. Because it is only called an infection when the symptoms are obvious. Because there are now vaccines available to prevent most sexually transmitted infections.
Because a person may transmit the pathogen to others but not develop the symptoms of the disease.
Name the hormone that stimulates maturation of follicles within the ovaries. estrogen LH FSH hCG
FSH
The hormone that stimulates the maturation of ovarian follicles is?
FSH
How does an intrauterine device (IUD) prevent pregnancy? It inhibits endometrial growth so implantation does not occur. It prevents maturation and ovulation of a follicle and oocyte. It blocks sperm from entering the vagina.
It inhibits endometrial growth so implantation does not occur.
Indicate which of the following statements are true about the injectable contraception method medroxyprogesterone acetate. It prevents maturation and release of a secondary oocyte (ovulation). It may take 10-18 months after the last injection for the effects to wear off. It protects against pregnancy for about 1-2 weeks. It makes the uterine lining less hospitable for a developing embryo.
It prevents maturation and release of a secondary oocyte (ovulation). It may take 10-18 months after the last injection for the effects to wear off. It makes the uterine lining less hospitable for a developing embryo.
Which three statements are true about erection of the penis? Nitric oxide increases blood flow into erectile tissue. The increasing pressure of arterial blood in erectile tissue compresses the veins. It is mediated by sympathetic nerve impulses. The reflex is mediated by the pons of the brainstem. The penis swells and elongates.
Nitric oxide increases blood flow into erectile tissue. The increasing pressure of arterial blood in erectile tissue compresses the veins. The penis swells and elongates.
Although mammary glands in males and females are similar, the development of mammary glands is different in males and females. Why? Ovarian hormones stimulate development of mammary glands in females. The pituitary gland stimulates growth of adipose tissue in females. Testicular hormones inhibit development of mammary glands in males.
Ovarian hormones stimulate development of mammary glands in females.
Undifferentiated diploid spermatogenic cells are called ________.
Spermatogonia
What is the definition of contraception? The formation of a fertilized egg, or zygote. The prevention of pregnancy. The sloughing off of the endometrium.
The prevention of pregnancy.
What is the definition of contraception? The sloughing off of the endometrium. The formation of a fertilized egg, or zygote. The prevention of pregnancy.
The prevention of pregnancy.
As a method of birth control, what is involved with coitus interruptus? Taking hormone supplements to prevent implantation. Withdrawal of the penis prior to ejaculation. Abstinence from sexual intercourse around the time of ovulation. A barrier that prevents sperm from entering the uterus.
Withdrawal of the penis prior to ejaculation.
The uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia are examples of a female's ______ sex organs. primary accessory tertiary
accessory
The uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia are examples of a female's ______ sex organs. primary accessory tertiary
accessory
Select the correct sequence of components of mammary glands through which milk is secreted. alveolar gland → alveolar duct → lactiferous duct → nipple alveolar gland → lactiferous duct → alveolar duct →nipple lactiferous duct → alveolar duct → alveolar gland →nipple alveolar duct → alveolar gland → lactiferous duct → nipple
alveolar gland → alveolar duct → lactiferous duct → nipple
Indicate which organs secrete hormones that control male reproductive functions. anterior pituitary gland testes adrenal gland thyroid gland hypothalamus
anterior pituitary gland testes hypothalamus
Produces feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation due to abundant sensory nerve endings in glans
clitoris
The birth control method that consists of the removal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation is called ______. the diaphragm the rhythm method coitus interruptus
coitus interruptus
Indicate two names used to describe the birth control method that consists of the removal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation. rhythm method coitus interruptus vasectomy withdrawal method
coitus interruptus withdrawal method
Which is an example of a mechanical barrier birth control method? cream or jelly intrauterine device (IUD) oral pills condoms
condoms
What is an example of a chemical barrier contraceptive? hormonal pill condom intrauterine device cream, foam, or jelly
cream, foam, or jelly
The female reproductive system produces and maintains the female sex cells, called?
eggs
During sexual stimulation, parasympathetic impulses release nitric oxide (NO) that dilates arteries of the penis causing accumulation of blood; the penis swells and elongates, producing an _________ .
erection
True or false: During prophase I, homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA in a process called fertilization.
false
True or false: Only females have mammary glands.
false
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induces the anterior pituitary to secrete the two gonadotropins: ______ and ______. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH) androgens testosterone estrogens
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) luteinizing hormone (LH)
The products of the process of meiosis are ______. four identical daughter cells two identical daughter cells two genetically unique daughter cells four genetically unique daughter cells
four genetically unique daughter cells
The nipple is located near the tip of each breast at about the level of the ______ and it is surrounded by a circular area of pigmented skin called ______. midaxillary line; vestibule second intercostal space; ampulla fourth intercostal space; areola
fourth intercostal space; areola
The root word that means origin is ______.
genesis
Homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA in a process called crossing-over. What does this process produce? genetically unique (different) sister chromatids cells that are clones genetically identical sister chromatids
genetically unique (different) sister chromatids
At puberty, the ______ begins secreting increasing amounts of GnRH, which stimulate the ______ to release FSH and LH, which act on the ______ to promote female sex cell maturation and sex hormone release. hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries anterior pituitary gland; hypothalamus; ovaries uterus; ovaries; anterior pituitary gland hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; uterus
hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries
Which organs control maturation of female gametes, development of secondary sex characteristics, and changes in the monthly reproductive cycle? hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries thymus; thyroid gland; adrenal gland parathyroid gland; pancreas; ovaries posterior pituitary gland; uterus; adrenal gland
hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries
Which organs control maturation of female gametes, development of secondary sex characteristics, and changes in the monthly reproductive cycle? posterior pituitary gland; uterus; adrenal gland thymus; thyroid gland; adrenal gland hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries parathyroid gland; pancreas; ovaries
hypothalamus; anterior pituitary gland; ovaries
Encloses and protects other external reproductive organs
labia majora
forms margins of vestibule protect openings of vagina and urethra
labia minora
ist three components of the vulva. labia minora cervix labia majora myometrium clitoris
labia minora labia majora clitoris
The mammary glands are composed of 15-20 ______, which each drain into ______ that open to the outside at the nipple. lobes; lactiferous ducts lobes; alveolar ducts alveolar glands; lactiferous ducts alveolar glands; alveolar ducts
lobes; lactiferous ducts
Organs of the female reproductive system that secrete milk following pregnancy are called _______ glands.
mammary
Male and female condoms are types of ______ contraception. chemical barrier combined hormonal surgical mechanical barrier
mechanical barrier
The process of ______ results in the formation of haploid cells with one set of genetic instructions carried on 23 chromosomes, while the process of ______ results in the formation of diploid cells with two sets of 23 chromosomes. mitosis; meiosis meiosis; mitosis
meiosis; mitosis
The process in which egg cells (oocytes) are developed is called?
oogenesis
What is the name of the process that results in formation of the female gametes by meiosis? fertilization oogenesis spermatogenesis oogonia
oogenesis
What does the root word -genesis mean? origin eminence against push forward
origin
In the female reproductive system, the pair of solid, ovoid structures that are located in the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity are the ______. labia minora uterine tubes ovaries labia majora
ovaries
Which paired oval-shaped female reproductive organs lie in shallow depressions in the lateral walls of the pelvic cavity? uterine tubes clitoris ovaries uterus
ovaries
produces female sex hormones
ovary
Which of the following is not a function of the female reproductive system? produce FSH and LH provide a favorable environment for a developing offspring produce estrogen and progesterone produce and maintain the female sex cells
produce FSH and LH
A couple abstains from intercourse for several days a month, around the time of ovulation. What is the name of the contraception method? hormonal method coitus interruptus rhythm method barrier method
rhythm method
Sex cells produced by the male gonads are called ______. cells of Leydig Sertoli cells sperm oocytes
sperm
The male reproductive structures function to produce ________ cells and introduce them into the vagina.
sperm
Name the undifferentiated spermatogenic cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes, found in the periphery of the seminiferous tubules. spermatozoa spermatids spermatogonia primary spermatocytes
spermatogonia
Two endocrine organs (hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland) and a male reproductive organ ___________, secrete hormones that maintain sperm cell production and oversee the development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics.
testes
Indicate which organs secrete hormones that control male reproductive functions. thyroid gland adrenal gland testes anterior pituitary gland hypothalamus
testes anterior pituitary gland hypothalamus
Which two endocrine organs produce androgens? adrenal cortex and anterior pituitary gland anterior pituitary gland and hypothalamus testes and adrenal cortex testes and hypothalamus
testes and adrenal cortex
List three female accessory sex organs. the uterus the penis the uterine tubes the ovaries the vagina
the uterus the uterine tubes the vagina
The pathway through which the secondary oocyte to travels from the ovary to the uterus is called the _______ tube.
uterine
conveys secondary oocyte toward uterus; site of fertilization.
uterine tube
protects and sustains embryo during pregnancy
uterus
If used correctly, combined hormone contraceptives prevent pregnancy nearly 100% of the time. How do they work? They deliver estrogen and progestin to prevent pregnancy. They physically block the sperm from entering the uterus. They contain a chemical that kills sperm entering the vagina or uterus. They prevent implantation by causing inflammation of uterine tissues.
They deliver estrogen and progestin to prevent pregnancy.
Which two statements describe chemical barrier contraceptives? They include creams, foams, and jellies. They create an unfavorable environment in the vagina for sperm cells. The include hormones in pill form. They have a high failure rate when used combined with a condom.
They include creams, foams, and jellies. They create an unfavorable environment in the vagina for sperm c
Which three organs secrete hormones that control the maturation of oocytes and the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics? anterior pituitary gland posterior pituitary gland uterus ovary hypothalamus
anterior pituitary gland ovary hypothalamus
The female reproductive cycle is characterized by regular, recurring changes in the endometrium that usually begin ______ and continue until ______. at birth; around age forty around age thirteen; around the early fifties around age twenty; around the early fifties during embryonic development; around age forty
around age thirteen; around the early fifties
The term sexually transmitted ______ is replacing the term sexually transmitted ______ because a person can be infected with a pathogen and transmit the pathogen to others but not develop the symptoms of the disease. disease; infection infection; disease
infection; disease
Sperm are the sex cells of which gender? females males
males
A morning-after-pill prevents pregnancy by interfering with ______. implantation meiosis ovulation sperm entry into the uterine tube
ovulation
The process of ______ that occurs about day 14 of the ovarian cycle includes the rupturing of the mature follicle and the release of its oocyte and surrounding cells. meiosis selection ovulation
ovulation
Which event occurs on about day 14 of the ovarian cycle? metaphase II menstruation ovulation emission
ovulation
From the spinal cord, ______ impulses cause ______ of the arteries and subsequent ______ of the veins. Consequently, blood accumulates in the erectile tissue and produces an erection. parasympathetic; dilation; constriction sympathetic; dilation; constriction sympathetic; constriction; dilation parasympathetic; constriction; dilation
parasympathetic; dilation; constriction
In the female, the internal accessory reproductive organs are a pair of uterine tubes, a(n) ______ and an ________
uterus vagina
All of the following are components of the vulva except the ______. vagina labia majora clitoris labia minora
vagina
conveys uterine secretions to outside of body receives erect penis during sexual intercourse provides open channel for offspring during birth process
vagina