SOC 101 InQuizitive CH 5

Place ties A through D in order from least to most embedded.

B, A, C, D

What is the "iron law" of the triad?

Contains three (not just possible) realtionships

Identify the defining characteristics of an organization.

Defining Characteristic(s) -There is a clear distinction between those who belong and those who do not. -Its members have come together for a common purpose.

In the network pictured, people are connected by friendships that have the potential to generate income (through information about work opportunities, industry trends, etc.). Select the people who fit the network-based definition of an entrepreneur.

4, 6, 7

In the real world, when all people in a social network are linked by a just a few intermediaries, this generally depends on the presence of a small number of widely connected individuals (superconnectors) through whom most connections run.

False

Identify the similarities and differences between dyads and triads, according to Simmel.

Similarities -Membership is voluntary.

Identify the true and false statements about the in-group in a larger population.

True Statement(s) -The in-group is the powerful group. -The in-group often constitutes a numerical majority, though it does not always have to.

Identify the true and false statements about what sociologist Stacy Torres calls "elastic ties."

True Statement(s) -They are neither strong nor weak ties. -They occur among people who have frequent contact. -They involve maintaining a degree of social distance.

Identify the true and false statements about what sociologists consider to be "the strength of weak ties."

True Statement(s) -Weak ties provide access to valuable information. -Weak ties provide benefits strong ties do not.

What is the definition of interlocking directorates?

Two governing boards have one or more members in common

Identify the features of cryptocurrency that are different from standard forms of currency, such as the dollar or the euro.

Unique to Cryptocurrency -The social network supporting it is decentralized among all users. -Users are able to remain entirely anonymous.

Duncan Watts's study used __________ to send messages around the globe to test the __________ theory of connectivity. One of his findings revealed that the world was remarkably __________; superconnectors played a __________ role in completing worldwide networks.

e-mail, six-degree, egalitarian, small

Select the tie that is in the best position to act as a social entrepreneur by clicking on the tie, not the letter or area nearby.

B

According to Simmel's theory of groups, what is the difference between a party and a large group?

A party has no formal structure

In this video clip, Dalton Conley interviews Duncan Watts, who at the time worked for Yahoo! Research and is now with Microsoft Research. Starting at 2:56 in the video, Watts talks about his own investigation of the extent to which every person in a social network is connected to every other person, directly or through intermediaries. What did Watts discover?

Connection through a small number of steps is a general characteristic of networks

The European Union is ahead of the United States in developing regulations guaranteeing individuals certain controls over personal data made available online. Identify the arguments that are used to advocate either for or against the "right to be forgotten."

For: -An individual's right to privacy should be protected. -Youth under the age of 18 are typically considered to be less responsible for their actions than adults

Which sociological theorist first placed great emphasis on the innate differences between dyads and triads?

Georg Simmel

A student in a large lecture class discovers that some of his classmates have formed a secret online group in which they are passing around a copy of an upcoming exam. The group invites the student to join. Identify the likely and unlikely responses to this invitation, according to Solomon Asch's study of group norms.

Likely Response(s) -He will be more likely to join the group if it is quite large or if many of his friends are involved.

This animation describes how, paradoxically, the people with whom we only interact occasionally tend to be the ones who can do us the most good, socially and professionally. What is the explanation of this paradox?

People with whom we are only weakly connected are the ones most able to put us in touch with people we don't know.

In this video clip from an interview with Dalton Conley, sociologist Michael Gaddis describes the findings of his study of children whose families had applied to the Big Brothers Big Sisters program for mentors for their children. Starting at 3:37 in the video, how does Gaddis describe the relationship between social capital and cultural capital in his study?

Social capital provided access to cultural capital