SOCI

Karl Marx

Which theorist(s) believed that economic relationships were the only social relationships that mattered?

high culture.

The Metropolitan Opera and the Cleveland Orchestra are examples of

collective

What kind of resistance strategy is a union?

academic scholars

An institutional review boards helps to ensure the safety of subjects of review. Who sits on such a board?

symbolic interactionism

"Gender is socially constructed and maintained in our everyday lives. Gender is something we 'do' on a daily basis." This statement most likely comes from which perspective?

structural functionalism

"One goal of the family is socialization of a new generation." This statement would most likely come from which theoretical perspective?

lives in a city

"Urbanite" is a term used to describe someone who

action research.

"Why Isn't Johnny in Preschool?" was a project conducted by Chicago's Community Organizing and Family Issues group that was aimed at determining why families in lower-income, racially diverse neighborhoods in Chicago were less likely than other families to enroll their children in early educational programs. The findings were used to design outreach and public awareness campaigns. This type of research project is called

coercive power

A boss tells her employee, "If you don't get me those figures in the next five minutes, you're fired!" This is an example of which type of power?

Google owns the largest wind farm.

Consider the data shown in Table 13.1, "The Concentration of Media Outlets." Based on your analysis of this table, which of the following exemplifies a conglomeration?

Hispanics

A common American myth says everyone in the United States has equal access to education and, thus, to a well-paying job. The data about who actually receives degrees tells a different story, however. Examine Figure 8.4, "U.S. Bachelor's Degree Holders by Race/Ethnicity, 2014," on page 229 of the text. Based on this data, which group in the United States would seem least likely to find a well-paying job requiring a college degree?

Getting top grades is a shared value of the group.

In an academic honors society, why would everyone would probably agree that getting "straight A's" in school is a worthwhile cause?

social identity theory.

A group is most efficient when its members put the group's needs before their personal needs and think of the team goals before their own. This exemplifies

taste publics.

A local ballet company has the support of fifty major contributors, who are listed as patrons in the ballet's programs. Each year, all fifty people donate a certain amount of money and buy season tickets because they enjoy and support the ballet. This best exemplifies

cyberbullying

A person who posts rumors about a classmate's sexual activity on social media would be considered deviant as a result of what kind of action?

conflict theory

Consider the different theoretical perspectives explored throughout the text. Which theoretical perspective might be used to explore the social patterns perpetuating overrepresentation of African American and Hispanic males in prisons?

closed-ended.

A questionnaire with a set of predetermined responses is

just-world hypothesis.

A recent news story reported that when a newly engaged woman gave some change to a homeless man, her ring fell into his coin jar. After he proceeded to return it, he received a large sum of money in donations from people touched by the story. This is an example of the

emotion work.

A ship's captain who remains calm even after the ship begins taking on water and the passengers are panicking is exhibiting

Their members share a common purpose.

A sociologist studying monasteries, ashrams, student co-ops, and cohousing would be likely to notice what about these intentional communities?

compliance.

A student who writes a paper for an anthropology class even though he or she would rather not is an example of conformity due to

status inconsistency.

A woman has her Ph.D. in child development, yet she continues to work as a low-paid preschool aide. This is an example of

Level 5, groups

Consider the macro-micro continuum in sociology. If you planned to study how your classmates in this particular class arranged their time to allow for the needed reading and writing work for the class, which level on this continuum would you turn to?

chemist, pharmacist, accountant, realtor, photographer

According to Table 7.1, "The Relative Social Prestige of Selected Occupations in the United States," on page 190 in your text, which of these series of occupations is shown correctly ranked from highest to lowest in terms of relative social prestige in the United States?

on the East and West Coasts

According to Figure 15.3, where, in general, is the highest concentration of urban population found in the United States?

black children under the age of eighteen

According to Figure 7.5, "Number in Poverty and Poverty Rate, 1959-2013," on page 200 of the text, which group has the highest percentage of poverty in the United States?

language skills.

According to George Herbert Mead, a sense of self begins to develop simultaneously with the acquisition of

has a clear hierarchy.

According to Max Weber, one of the chief characteristics of a bureaucracy is that it

groupthink.

According to sociologist Diane Vaughan, the Challenger shuttle disaster may have been caused by scientists failing to take seriously weaknesses in the shuttle's design. This exemplifies

a group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to the dominant group

According to sociologists, what is a minority group?

copresence

According to sociologists, what is becoming less and less frequent as people spend more time on sites like Facebook and less time having coffee with friends?

their academic achievements are significantly above those of public school students.

According to the text, one of the largest studies of homeschooled students found that

youth

According to the text, which of the following populations are most likely to commit crimes?

any activity that is enjoyable, liberating, and perhaps even transformative

According to the textbook, which of the following is a recreational activity?

environmental sociology.

Alex is a PhD student. Her dissertation explores the impact of development on the indigenous flora and fauna of the most remote areas of the rain forests. Alex is studying

alientation

Amber lives in New York, "the city that never sleeps," so she feels she has a great deal of freedom and choice. However, sociologists argue that this freedom prevents city dwellers from developing intimate personal relationships or community, a situation that is often referred to as

U.S.-born Asians

Among the forms of intergroup relations, racial assimilation falls somewhere in the middle, being far less harmful, obviously, than genocide. As a form of assimilation, it can undercut identity. Looking at Figure 8.2, "Intermarriage Rates by Race," on page 228 of the text, which group would seem most likely to experience racial assimilation in the United States?

intersex.

An individual who has an abnormal chromosomal makeup and mixed or indeterminate male and female sex characteristics is called

belief in citizen participation in environmental decision making.

Anastasia is part of a grassroots environmental group. This is distinguished from mainstream environmentalism by its

innovator

Annie Duke is a professional poker player. She is very successful and earns a lot of money from gambling. How would a sociologist classify Annie according to Robert Merton's typology?

commodification.

As a child, Tim enjoyed fishing with a cane pole from the shoreline, but now, fishing with his grandson involves obtaining a fishing license, getting out in the water on the family boat, and bringing several choices of fishing gear so the family can be prepared for many types of fish. This best exemplifies

demography

As a sociologist, Piper is interested in how many people live in her home state of California and where it is most densely populated. Piper is doing which type of research?

embodied identity

As online interaction becomes more common, so too do online friendships. Within an online environment, which conceptual element within sociology becomes unavailable to us?

has been taken over by nonfamily institutions.

As the population of the United States continues to live longer, care of the elderly

environmental sociology

Ashlyn's research focuses on how the city where she lives interacts with the natural environment. This field of study is called

alienation.

At McDonald's, workers are expected to use a "Six Steps" process when interacting with customers. These steps can become monotonous and workers can become frustrated as they have no control over the overall process, given that they do not own any part of their workplace or goods produced. This can lead to

survey

At the end of every semester, Dr. Showalter asks her students to complete a teacher evaluation. What type of research is this?

differential association theory

Aubrey's mother says to her: "I don't want you to hang around with Michelle. She's going to be a bad influence on you." Aubrey's mother may not know it, but she's subscribing to which theory?

identify laws that describe the behavior of a reality

Auguste Comte is credited with coining the term "sociology," largely through the development of a theory of human thinking called positivism. What does positivism attempt to do?

Changing attitudes about religion have made sexual relationships outside marriage more socially acceptable.

Cohabitation (unmarried partners living together) is on the rise. Which of the following does your text cite as a possible reason for this rise?

flexibility

Benny does freelance work from home. What is most likely the best benefit of this arrangement?

cultural diffusion.

Because of satellite radio stations like SiriusXM radio, U.S. radio stations can be heard throughout the world. The commercials on these radio stations convey American ideas and culture to other countries. This best exemplifies

nurture and nature.

Before she had children, Piper believed that a child's behavior could be determined and managed by parenting techniques. However, since having a child, she now sees striking similarities between her behavior as a child and her son's behavior, even though she uses very different parenting techniques than her own parents did. Piper now believes that what shapes children's behavior includes both

the hidden curriculum.

Beau came home from his first day of high school and immediately went to his room to set his morning alarm. He'd never before used his alarm. His mother asked him why he'd set it and he replied, "My teacher made it clear today that it's very important to be punctual for school." His mother was surprised, and pleased, by the effect of

definition of the situation.

Bethany sees a person fall down on the street a few feet in front of her. She has no idea what has happened, but she quickly makes the decision to call 911 as others around her also attempt to help. In dramaturgical terms, her reaction exemplifies

biodiversity.

Brad is interested in an area's variety of species of plants and animals existing at a particular time, so he will study that area's

white-collar

Bribes, tax fraud, and insider trading are all examples of what kind of crime?

Structural Functionalism

Case Study: College Administrations: Those who are admitted are worthy and well qualified while those who are not admitted do not deserve to be. There are other places in society for then besides the university. Which theoretical perspective applies?

sudra (farmers, artisans, and laborers)

Cal is a farmer in India. In a few weeks, he plans to marry Mala. Considering the most prevalent system of stratification in India, Mala is most likely a member of which social category?

multiculturalism

Canada has a very diverse population, both racially and ethnically. The government is committed to ensuring that all citizens have a voice and equal access to key resources in their communities. What concept does this demonstrate?

mortality rate

Carlos is examining data showing the number of deaths per thousand people in Mexico in 2001. This data would be referred to as the

social control

Conflict theorists assert that it is the imbalance of power that leads to deviance, and the more powerful in a society are able to criminalize behavior through the use of norms, rules and laws. This process is a form of what?

conflict theorist

Consider the major theoretical perspectives explored throughout the text. Which type of theorist might explore the idea that occupations traditionally held by men earn more money than those held by women, with the result being that men tend to be more financially successful and powerful?

symbolic interactionist

Consider the major theoretical perspectives routinely explored throughout the text. Which theoretical perspective might explore the ways in which television advertisements influence public opinion about political candidates?

structural functionalism

Consider the major theoretical perspectives we've routinely explored throughout our text. Which perspective is likely to explore the ways in which poverty serves a purpose in society by ensuring that even the "ugly" jobs get done?

transnational corporations.

Corporations such as Coca-Cola and General Electric, which are embedded in countries throughout the world and have a significant impact on the global economy, are referred to as

align her gender expression with her gender identity.

Cris was born a man but always identified as a woman. After college, she opted to have sex reassignment surgery so her body would fit her self-image. Cris's change makes it possible for her to

a guide to live our life.

Culture is

cultural capital

Francisco has highly educated parents. Throughout his school years, each parent took turns ensuring he understood his coursework. They put much effort into conveying the value and importance of education to Francisco as he went through school. Francisco has higher than a 4.0 high-school grade point average and is now applying to the top private colleges in the nation. According to Pierre Bourdieu, Francisco acquired what from his parents?

bioethics.

Diana was in a car accident and now appears to be in a permanent coma. She breathes with the aid of machines and is fed through a tube. Much debate is occurring within her family about her treatment, which doctors say will not improve. A sociologist who is interested in studying this conflict would want to research

authority.

Dionne is the director of Human Resources at a multicounty nonprofit agency. As such, she often makes decisions about whom to hire and fire, decides which new procedures to implement, and conducts annual reviews. Regardless of whether her subordinates like her decisions, they go along with them. This exemplifies her

With access to the Internet and personal computers, private homes have become more attractive for leisure activities.

Decades ago, recreation took place in public spaces far more often than it does today. What is one reason for this shift cited in the text?

It is an example of real culture.

Deirdra was given a raise on her one-year anniversary as a sales assistant. She had not met her monthly goals for the last three months and occasionally missed work, but she always displayed a positive attitude. How does her workplace illustrate the contrasts often noted in a culture?

role conflict.

Destiny, a very conscientious student, has a physics exam in the morning and still needs to study for it. Her best friend, however, is visiting from out of town and has asked her to meet her for dinner. Destiny wants to be a good friend as well as a good student, and she can't decide whether to stay in and study or go out with her friend. Destiny is experiencing

instrumental tasks.

Doing the dishes and fixing the car are examples of

Representativeness may be limited.

Dr. Frank wants to explore how gender impacts the experiences of boys and girls in competitive swimming. He opts to use interviews as his means of collecting data. Which of the following is a disadvantage of this method?

independent variable.

Dr. Lui plans to research the relationship between breast-feeding and preschool success. In this research, breast-feeding is the

a legal combination of two companies, usually maximizing efficiency - merger a single corporation that acquires ownership of a variety of unrelated businesses - conglomeration a decrease in the number of companies producing and distributing a commodity - concentration the idea that the media can act as a system of checks and balances on the power held by government - fourth estate

Each of these terms relates to the section in the chapter on the structure of media industries. Match each with the corresponding definition.

Information

Early in his career, Roland read about the development of the microchip used in computers. A few years later, he was one of the first people to purchase a computer to assist in managing his business accounts. Roland participated in the start of which revolution?

labeling theory

Eddie became sick and missed a week of school. He failed a test when he came back and his friends called him stupid. He was so upset that he didn't want to go back to school, so he skipped several more classes. Because of all the classes he missed, his teachers said that he wasn't a good student, so he decided to drop out of school. This kind of thinking is a self-fulfilling prophecy and comes out of which theory about deviance?

more stable

Eli and Kendra have been friends since preschool and they do everything together. In second grade, they become friends with Holly and now the three of them do everything together. Compared to the previous dyad of Eli and Kendra, what does the discussion of group dynamics suggest the nature of the new triad will be?

textual poaching.

Elizabeth enjoys finding footage of old silent films and creating new short films by adding her own audio. She manipulates the original storyline and restructures it to suit her own goals. This best exemplifies

upper-middle class

Elizabeth has a graduate degree and works as the program director for a local nonprofit organization. She owns her home and enjoys traveling during her yearly two-week vacation. She is most likely a member of which social class in the United States?

peers

Emilee is age thirteen and in middle school. At this time in her life, which agent of socialization is probably the most significant?

Transnational corporations have an increasing amount of political "clout" in the world.

Examine Table 11.1, "Ranking the World's Economies," on page 335 of the text. What does the presence of the many transnational corporations on this list suggest about the relationship of corporations to governance?

the decline in the economic well-being of the mother.

Following a divorce, studies suggest children experience scholastic failure and increased disruptive conduct. This may be due in part to

Abbie is in the play stage of development and the role of significant other.

Four-year-old Abbie's father is a firefighter. When Abbie dresses up, she dresses like a firefighter and pretends to put out fires. How would Mead characterize both Abbie's development and her role?

individual resistance

Fran is a call center customer-service worker who has a script she's supposed to strictly follow when she responds to customer complaints. One day, a customer is extremely rude to her and Fran departs from the script and asks her to be more polite and respectful. What kind of strategy is this an example of?

epidemiology.

HIV/AIDS has ravaged populations around the world. Part of the challenge in treatment and prevention hinges upon a clear understanding of local culture in the population under duress. That is, different approaches will work differently in different places. The practice of studying these differences is known as

alternative medicine.

Henry gets frequent migraine headaches. Although his doctor prescribed prescription pain medication, he decided instead to use acupuncture treatment and take herbal supplements exclusively, which are both forms of

It is very easy to fail to see one's own culture, precisely because it is taken for granted.

Horace Miner illustrates what point in his famous article, "Body Ritual among the Nacirema" (1956)?

The term "sex" refers to the biological differences between males and females, whereas the term "gender" refers to the socially constructed behavior of men and women.

How are the terms "gender" and "sex" different?

Corporations nationwide were among the forces that led to the revision of the law.

How did the attempt by Indiana to institute the so-called Religious Freedom Restoration Act in 2015 result in an increase in corporate conscience?

a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three

How do contemporary sociologists define family?

It supports the idea that human sexuality exists as a highly diverse continuum over the lifetime of any individual.

How has the Kinsey Scale of Sexuality helped us to better understand sexual orientation?

that we do not have any control over change because we do not control nature

Human action, natural disasters, technological innovations, and demographic factors are all sources of social change. What does this suggest about social change as a whole?

refusing to serve a black person in a restaurant - INDIVIDUAL DISCRIMINATION refusing country club membership to Latino families - INSTITUTIONAL DISCRIMINATION believing all Gypsies (people of Roma ancestry) are thieves - PREJUDICE

Identify the type of unequal treatment and then match it with each example listed.

master status.

If a woman is a mother, sister, and office manager but her status as a woman precedes all the others, being a woman is her

situational ethnicity

If you are of Romanian descent, it might be easy to conceal that from people (outsiders wouldn't know it unless you told them), and in general you may never mention it. However, suppose you're at a job interview and your prospective boss mentions that she's Romanian. Suddenly, it becomes very useful for you to mention that you are too: now you have something in common! What term best describes this scenario?

culture wars.

In 2012, Florida teenager Trayvon Martin was killed by George Zimmerman, a community watch patrolman. The case promoted fierce debates over gun control in the media. A sociologist might describe these debates as

a tragedy of the commons

In Minnesota, there are regulations on the number of days deer can be hunted each year and the number of deer one hunter can kill. These hunting limitations were put in place to prevent the extinction of the deer population. What concept from the text is the state trying to prevent by doing so?

lifestyle enclaves.

In Ocala, Florida, a developer built a subdivision of homes around an airplane landing strip. Each home in the subdivision had a garage as well as a hanger for personal airplanes. The community was intended for the families of pilots. This community exemplifies

conflict

In Savage Inequalities, Jonathon Kozol contends that because schools are funded via property taxes, children in low-income areas are trapped in poor schools and thus get an inferior education. Ultimately, this continually perpetuates inequality. From which sociological perspective did Jonathon Kozol explore the educational system?

Catholic

In considering the religious composition of the United States, which individually distinct religion has the largest number of people?

prescriptions and proscriptions

In general, most of us are susceptible to conformity and meeting group expectations. In so doing, what two things do we generally follow?

social class system.

In industrialized, capitalist societies, stratification systems are most commonly based on a

dystopia

In many video games today, the world is presented as apocalyptic and riddled with social problems. What social attitude toward modern cities might this reflect?

the control and ownership of the means of production

In regard to social classes, what sharp distinction did Karl Marx draw between the proletariat (laborers) and the bourgeoisie (owners) in a society?

conflict perspective

In terms of sociological perspectives, a photographer's wide-angle lens is most likely to capture which perspective?

antimiscegenation.

In the 1950s John and Ella lived in Alabama and wanted to get married, but they were not allowed to because one of them was black and the other was white. The prohibition of interracial marriage, interracial cohabitation, or interracial sexual interaction is called

formal norm

In the United States, it is against the law to rob a bank. This law is what particular kind of symbolic culture?

secular

In the United States, school and bank calendars are planned around Christian holidays and our presidents place their hands on a Bible when they are sworn into office. These all run contrary to the commonly held idea that the United States is what kind of society?

frontstage

In the dramaturgical perspective, what do we call the region in which we deliver our public performances?

manifest

In the field of education, teaching students to solve math problems is an example of what kind of function?

teenage mothers frequently viewed children as a source of stability in their lives.

In their study of teenage mothers, Kathryn Edin and Maria Kefalas found that

political disenfranchisement

In three months, Jorge's local community will be having a very important election for city council members. As Jorge drives through town, he notices that wealthy and middle-class areas have political signs in almost every yard while there are no signs at all in poor neighborhoods. This exemplifies which concept?

authoritarian

In what kind of political systems do governments deny ordinary citizens representation by and control over their own government?

It is about equal across racial and ethnic groups.

In which group does evidence suggest that the rates of domestic violence are most prevalent?

total institution

In which sort of institution are individuals' identities systematically stripped away in an effort to create a new identity that is strongly rooted in a particular group's membership?

suffrage movement - collective action volcanic eruption - physical event more women having fewer children overall - demographic factor solar power - discovery

Match the following ways in which a factor involved in social change occurs with the corresponding change example.

literature review

Jamison plans to research the benefits of comedy as a coping mechanism during times of natural disasters. Before moving ahead, he will explore pertinent research already compiled on this topic. This is what step of the scientific method?

a megalopolis

Janine lives in New York City. It is a fairly quick trip for her to get to Boston, Philadelphia, or Washington, D.C. This network of nearby and closely tied urban areas is called

gender role socialization.

Jason and his sister Sara have weekly chores. Jason helps his father mow the lawn and takes out the garbage. His sister helps their mother set the table and do the dishes. This division of household chores is a form of

absolute deprivation.

Joanie lost her job eight months ago and has not been able to find a new one. She and her children were kicked out of their apartment because they were behind on rent. With no income, Joanie and her kids are forced to live on the street. Each meal poses a significant hardship for the family because they often cannot find food, and the family is becoming malnourished. Joanie and her family are experiencing

heterogamous

Joe grew up in the Barbados. He vacationed in Russia, where he met and married Rosi, a Russian citizen. What kind of marriage did they have as a result?

macro

Joe wants to know how changes in North Carolina state laws have related to foster care rates over the last twenty years. Which level of analysis might Joe be likely to use in his research?

role strain.

Joseph yelled at Bennie, a classmate, today after witnessing Bennie angrily confront Luke during recess. Joseph felt he was standing up for Luke because Luke had done nothing to provoke Bennie's anger. However, Joseph's teacher gave him a detention for his role in this interaction. When Joseph got home, his father explained he was disappointed about the detention. His dad also explained that standing up for a friend is a good thing to do. Joseph's father felt anxiety over expressing both a negative and positive reaction. Joseph's father is experiencing

negative sanction.

Josie wore a pair of short shorts to school. This was against the rules and violated school norms. Because this was the third time that she had broken the same rule, the principal gave her a detention. The principle's action was a means of enforcing norms through

an instrumental role

Juan is a manager at a local clothing store. Juan is very task oriented and always wants to make sure the job is done correctly. Juan is fulfilling which role?

They are monotheistic.

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all have what in common?

symbolic interactionism

Kai needed a doctor, and his friend told him that Dr. Madeira was "very good." Kai scheduled an appointment with him the next day. Which perspective would explore how Kai defined the meaning of the term "good?"

extrinsic religiosity.

Kathy attends church on Sundays as well as Wednesday evenings. She also routinely participates in mission work. This demonstrates her

28 percent

Kendra is single and lives alone. Today, her type of household (unmarried) makes up what percentage of the households in the United States?

gender role socialization.

Kristina burped loudly when she was finished eating her dinner. Her mother quickly shushed her and informed her: "Girls do not belch. That is so unladylike." In sociological terms, Kristina's mom was teaching her

social context.

Labeling theory asserts that deviance is a matter of

structural functionalism.

Lamar believes that there are certain social roles better suited for men and others better suited for women. For instance, he is a firm believer that his wife should be the person who sends birthday cards to family members. Lamar's perspective aligns with

racial passing.

Lana is a light-skinned African American teenager attending a predominantly white high school. She tells people that she is white in order to avoid the consequences of being black in a racist society. She is practicing

community-supported agriculture

Last year, Sara and her husband inherited forty acres of land near Salinas, Kansas. Growing her own food has always been important to Sara, and with the new land, she and her husband decided to make organic gardening a career. They began recruiting local restaurants to buy produce directly from their farm. This system is best described as

ideas and cultural debates.

Marilyn is a sociology PhD candidate who is writing a dissertation that was inspired by her interest in postmodernity. Rather than a focus on material things, her work will look at

a sweatshop.

Ngan works in a factory which offers below-standard wages, demands long hours, and has very poor working conditions that may pose health or safety hazards. This work environment is referred to as

oil

Leana is discussing overconsumption of nonrenewable resources with her friends. Which of the following is an example of a nonrenewable resource?

educational tracking.

Leroy feared that because his son Carl completed classwork very slowly he'd be labeled as an underachiever in school and placed in remedial courses. This might ultimately cost Carl access to key courses as he progresses through school. This process exemplifies

smart growth

Lou was raised in an inner city that is now run-down and in need of repair. He spends his time and effort focusing on responsible redevelopment and revitalization of his city and others. He is an advocate of

grandparents, great-aunts and -uncles, and cousins - extended family a close family friend referred to as "Uncle" Bill - fictive kin Mom, Dad, and siblings - nuclear family man, woman, man, and children - polyamorous family

Match each term with the corresponding example.

focus on diversity as well as environmental and animal rights - third wave The Feminine Mystique, National Organization of Women (NOW) - second wave the suffrage movement - first wave

Match the correct historical wave of the women's movement with its key element(s).

a role model.

Luanne spends her leisure time doing lots of community service and she enjoys serving as an example for the other volunteers she leads. A sociologist would describe Luanne as

integrative medicine.

Lucia fell on a tumbling pass during her most recent gymnastics competition and tore the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in her knee. To deal with the pain, she got a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test, visited a physical therapist, took aspirin, and got acupuncture. This best exemplifies

as her in-group

Magda is a student and fan of the University of Chicago. How is she likely to view other University of Chicago students as part of her life?

that multiple perspectives can be conveyed.

Making it unlawful for monopolies to occur in media outlets helps to ensure

structural functionalism

Manny believes that religion gives meaning to his life. He believes that religion helps him understand the most fundamental questions about life and existence. Manny understands religion through which sociological lens?

symbolic interactionism and class consciousness

Many people choose to buy an expensive car though they cannot easily afford the monthly payment. Driving the car becomes an important part of "performing" their social class. Choose the perspective and concept with which this statement most closely aligns.

false assumptions.

Many people often see the distinctions between high culture and popular culture as being very obvious. Sociology, however, considers those distinctions to be based on

consumption.

Many people think of leisure as the opposite of work. However, a sociologist sees work and leisure as complementary activities that coexist within a capitalist economic system. In that way, work and leisure are activities together linked through

social influence.

Marcy's youth group is on a cultural awareness trip in Costa Rica. While at dinner, she is served plantains, a food she did not want to try. After all of her friends eat their plantains, she decides to eat them too in order to go along with everyone else. Sociologists refer to this as

expressive tasks.

Margarethe plans all holiday meals for her family and sends birthday emails to family members. These are examples of

exogamy.

Margie is from an upper-class U.S. family and Jorge is from a poor Salvadoran family. They met while she was backpacking through South America after college and they are now married. This exemplifies

mortality rate

Margo is a demographer. She studies population and issues related to population. Which of the following concepts is she most likely to explore?

Malthusian theorem

Marlena is choosing not to have children because she fears that in the future the number of people will far outstrip the available land and food sources, so she is doing her part to protect these resources. As a theoretical perspective, her ideas agree with which concept?

a food desert.

Martha must drive twenty miles to get to the nearest grocery store. She often buys her daily items from a convenience store near her home, where healthy options are hard to come by. A sociologist might describe her neighborhood as

the focus is on pain relief, not curing illness - palliative care the aim is to avoid illness via lifestyle changes and choices - preventive medicine the aim is to treat the illness once it presents itself - curative or crisis medicine

Match each approach to medical treatment with its definition.

antiwar protests - social movement the group of people playing Words with Friends or another Facebook game - mass behavior a group gathered on the street corner to watch a mime perform - crowd behavior a fitness club where all members participate in the South Beach Diet - a fad

Match the type of collective behavior with the correct illustration.

stealing food from the grocery store - MORE not wearing shoes inside a restaurant - FOLKWAY incest - TABOO

Match the type of norm with the corresponding example.

deviance avowal.

Members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) first introduce themselves at AA meetings with their name and the proclamation that they are "an alcoholic." These AA members are exhibiting

The number of possible relationships increased.

Miles joined a reading group at school. During the year, many more students joined the group. Think about the group dynamics. What impact did this increase in group size have on relationships within the group? Consult Figure 5.1 on page 129 of the text.

conflict theory

Monique believes that religious practices such as prohibiting women from becoming priests promote inequality. Monique understands religion through which sociological lens?

a feral child.

Mowgli, the character from Disney's The Jungle Book who is raised by animals, is a Hollywood representation of

discrimination

Much of what constitutes racism begins with attitudes. Prejudice is an attitude, but it is often followed by what behavior?

curative medicine.

Nash broke his arm on the playground. His parents will most likely seek

culture shock.

Nasko moved to the United States from Bulgaria at the age of nine. After moving, he felt disoriented because the environment was so strange to him. He experienced

an agenda-setting theory

Norris tunes in to the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) station on his radio and hears an important international news story that seems to have had no coverage in the American media. Instead, the cable news stations have been focused for days on a sensational story about a wealthy young woman who may have been murdered by her husband. He tells his officemate that he believes that the media is giving the public the sense that the international news story is not as important as the sensational murder mystery. What is he describing?

medicalization.

Obesity was once seen as a personal issue but has since come to be seen as a medical issue. This best exemplifies

structural functionalism

Of the major theoretical perspectives routinely explored throughout the text, which one suggests that social change occurs as a result of population growth and advancements in technology?

symbolic ethnicity.

On St. Patrick's Day, Aiden, who is Irish, goes to have drinks with friends wearing his green shirt and ordering a green beer. Aiden is displaying

pluralism

On the local college campus, many racial and ethnic groups are encouraged to celebrate their roots, develop strong connections with others like themselves, and take pride in their unique identity. This is most characteristic of what type of intergroup relationship?

a third place

On the television show Friends, a close-knit group of friends routinely met at a coffee shop to share meaningful life moments and camaraderie. In this scenario, which sociological concept is being illustrated?

age.

One of the reasons why crime rates change over time may be due to changes in individuals'

public goods dilemma.

Oscar donates a portion of his employment sick time to a workplace "sick bank" to help his coworkers every month, even though he himself has never needed extended sick time off from work. He does this because he knows people must be willing to donate even if they'll never need it in order for the sick-time donation bank to work. This is an example of a

primary groups

Our family and very close friends are a significant part of our lives as social beings. What term did Charles Horton Cooley introduce to describe this important aspect of our lives?

reliability

Over the last five semesters, Dr. Thompson's research class has repeatedly asked the same question on a particular project. Each semester the question produces similar answers. This exemplifies which concept?

Boys receive more attention and instructional time than girls.

Schools impact gender-role socialization in a variety of ways. Which one is TRUE of the way schools impact gender role socialization?

telecommuting.

PJ is an accounts receivable coordinator for a large health-care system. PJ completes all of his job tasks at his home via computer, even "Skyping" into required meetings. This is an example of

a philosophy that claims technology has made life complicated but better

Pangri wanted a new cell phone. Her parents told her she didn't need a new cell phone because her old phone still worked, even though it lacked many common smart-phone features. Pangri became angry and shouted at her parents, "Technological determinism is part of this society and I need a new phone!" What was she referring to?

The division of labor becomes more traditional.

Parents are a major source of how we are socialized, and it follows that parents have a significant influence on their children. Sociologists have also found that when there are small children in the home they influence the parents, causing marital satisfaction to decrease. What else changes with the introduction of children into the home?

outsourcing.

Patrick owns a small software company in North Dakota. Due to the cost of labor in the United States, he employs people in Russia to write the code for his software. This is an example of

the sick role

Pauline stays home from school because she has the flu and a high fever. Her mother expects her to stay in bed and rest but instead she goes out for a run. Pauline is not conforming to

They do not involve violence.

Property crimes differ from other forms of crime in what way?

a social movement.

Sean is the leader of a local Tea Party group that meets once a week to discuss ways to promote smaller government and lower taxes. This kind of group is described as

larceny

Referring to Figure 6.2 on page 167 and the discussion about the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), which of the following crimes was the most common in the United States in 2012?

cultural leveling.

Reggie has the opportunity to travel to China as part of his job. He will be there working for three weeks. His biggest concern is having food similar to that which he enjoys at home. While in China, Reggie is pleasantly surprised to see many of the same fast-food restaurants as in his hometown. This best exemplifies

deterrence

Responding to criminal activity is not always simple. Which approach to punishment uses the threat of harsh penalties as a way to dissuade crime?

positive deviance.

Rosa Parks broke a law by refusing to give up her seat on a bus for a white man. Ultimately, this act was a pivotal moment in the launch of the civil rights movement. Rosa Parks's refusal to move to the back of the bus is an example of

an ebook of Gone with the Wind

Select ALL of the following that are examples of material culture.

a chronic disease.

Since 1994 Albert has had a recurring illness that requires him to periodically visit his doctor for treatment. He likely has

foreground

Sociologist Jack Katz studied deviance in terms of the deviant's own in-the-moment experience of committing the act. This emotional attractiveness of being bad is referred to as what aspect of deviance?

structural functionalism - Social cohesion is often established within groups experiencing inequality symbolic interactionism - How do people display and perform their ethnicity on a daily basis? conflict theory - Differences in the access to key resources can create turmoil between racial groups.

Sociologists explore racial inequality using multiple approaches. Distinguish between the various approaches by matching the following questions or statements with the theoretical framework that would best explain it.

political science

Sociology overlaps with many other disciplines while also offering a unique perspective. Considering Figure 1.1 on page 10 in your text, select the discipline with which sociology overlaps.

dramaturgy

Solidad carefully considers how she wants to present herself at her job interview later today. She intends to offer a very different presentation of herself than she did with her friends over drinks last night. Solidad recognizes that the way she presented herself last night is very different than the approach she will use today. With which theoretical paradigm does this statement best align?

the bystander effect

Someone living in a crowded apartment building hears a woman screaming during the night but does nothing about it because she assumes another neighbor will call the police. This best illustrates

Researchers can more easily generalize survey results to the larger population.

Surveys and interviews differ in which important way?

second shift.

Susan's friends describe her as a "Supermom." She works a full day outside the home and then comes home from work and completes household tasks, child-care tasks, and other domestic responsibilities. Sociologists Arlie Hochschild and Anne Machung would call the household work Susan does after her paid job the

constitutional monarchy

Sweden's government, in which there are official kings and queens who have limited official power that is checked by an elected parliament, is an example of which form of government?

The higher the family's socioeconomic status (SES), the higher will be the student's expectation of educational achievement.

Take a minute to review Figure 7.2, "Percentage of High School Grads Enrolled in Two- or Four-Year College, by Income Level, 1975-2012," on page 196 of the text. With this graph in mind, what might be surmised based on enrollment and income level?

cultural hegemony

Talia is from a working-class family, and she pays for her own college tuition by working nights as a waitress. On television, she sees a commercial that says, "You deserve a luxury car." She then begins to realize that she wants the car despite knowing she cannot afford it. This is an example of what?

the environmental consequences of new technology, oil exploration, and nuclear power plants.

Tamara has worked for organizations like Greenpeace and the Nature Conservancy since the 1960s. She considers herself to be part of the modern environmental movement, which has focused on

decline to volunteer for the social movement

Tammy is a single mother who lives in government-subsidized housing and works three part-time jobs to support her four children. According to your textbook's discussion of who participates in social movements, what would she be most likely to do if a community organizer asked her to participate in a social movement?

values.

Technological advances have led to rapid changes in the United States. This has prompted conflict over

everyone has the same chance to succeed, which is completely determined by the individual person.

The American Dream legitimizes social stratification by reinforcing the idea that

group conformity

The Asch experiment, which found that most people gave incorrect answers to factual questions when a group of people endorsed those answers beforehand, illustrates what concept?

symbolic culture

What are we referring to when we talk about culture as a system that includes things that have a strong association with a particular group, and are important to that group?

in-group orientation.

The Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD) is a group that promotes fair and accurate representation of gay people in the media. This group rejects the standards that label gay people as deviant and instead embraces the idea of

symbolic interactionism

The In the Future box on page 164 focuses on Dr. Chauntelle Tibbals, a sociological researcher who studies pornography. Her research is likely to become part of the public discourse on pornography. This will create pressure to expand the idea of what our society considers normal and include things that at present might well be seen as deviant, even dangerous. This conclusion best illustrates which theoretical perspective?

a regressive social movement.

The International Forum of Globalization seeks to reduce the impact of globalization by advocating for "living locally." This best illustrates

cultural lag.

The Internet was available long before online classes were available. It took schools and universities years to adapt to the new technology. According to your textbook, this slowness to adapt to new technology is called

language structures and frames our thoughts.

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states that

superego

The ______________ is composed of two components: The conscience and the ego-ideal.

power.

The ability to impose one's will on others is called

assigned meanings as social processes requiring the interaction of many individuals

What basic idea associates George Herbert Mead with symbolic interactionism?

deterrence.

The death penalty is also known as capital punishment and is a form of

Property crimes occur more frequently than violent crimes.

What can we learn from the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) statistics as shown in Figure 6.2 on page 167 of the text?

social stratification.

The division of society into groups arranged in a social hierarchy is called

the hidden curriculum.

The fact that schools teach children to obey authority would be considered a part of

the culture of poverty.

The idea that entrenched attitudes can develop among poor communities and lead the poor to accept their fate is called

media content is effectively "injected" directly into the listening public, which responds instantaneously to the stimulus.

The impact and effect of media are often difficult to underestimate, as Orson Welles's broadcast of "The War of the Worlds" demonstrated in 1938. This example is used in support of the hypodermic needle, or magic bullet, theory, which suggests that

cultural diffusion.

The increasing presence of the Starbucks Coffee Company throughout China is a typical example of

rationalization.

The local Walmart was just remodeled and now there are seven automated self-checkout lanes. The replacement of people with automated self-checkout lanes at supermarkets is one example of

vector organisms.

The mosquito population increases as rain and heat become more prevalent, and as a result tend to spread disease more during this time. Mosquitos are an example of

the increase of information work and the decrease of manual labor work.

The most dramatic change that has occurred in the realm of work since the Information Revolution has been

religiosity.

The number of times a person attends worship services yearly is considered a measure of individual

pluralism.

The pattern of intergroup relations that encourages racial and ethnic variation within a society is called

social ties

The principle of "six degrees of separation," which suggests that everyone in the world is connected to everyone else within six steps, exemplifies which concept?

socialization.

The process through which a child learns and internalizes the values, beliefs, and norms of a social group is called

instrumental

The professor who cares only about student grades and isn't concerned with his students' personal well-being or morale is demonstrating what kind of leadership?

Groups foster the formation of enduring social relations.

What characteristic distinguishes a group from an aggregate?

homophobia.

The raid on the Stonewall Inn in 1968 targeted nonheterosexual persons, among others. The ongoing harassment of the gay, lesbian, and trans populations led to many raids like Stonewall. While police claimed that these raids were simply a matter of enforcing the law, to the gays and lesbians subjected to the police actions, it was a clear case of

it helps consumers believe that they can enjoy good relationships with their doctors.

The recent use of the catch phrase, "Ask your doctor if [drug name] is right for you" in pharmaceutical marketing has gained wide appeal among both consumers and pharmaceutical companies. This direct-to-consumer approach works because

manufacturing

The recession of 2007-2009 had more of an impact on male-dominated jobs than others. This led some people to label the phenomenon a "mancession." Which types of jobs were more deeply impacted by this particular recession?

population transfer

The relationships between different racial and ethnic groups have varied throughout history. Some patterns of interaction are cooperative and tolerant while others are violent and hostile. During World War II, the United States government ordered all those of Japanese ancestry to report to internment camps following the attack on Pearl Harbor. What kind of intergroup relationship would be most closely associated with this action?

a hypothesis.

The statement, "What students eat for breakfast affects their grades," would be an example of

social change.

The story of the eradication of small pox that opens this chapter is an example of the power of

unusual and the mundane aspects of culture.

The study of culture is an important part of sociology, and is often focused close to home. While this poses some limitations, it also helps us understand differences, in part because we consider both the

expectation that women who work fulltime job outside the home will also do the majority of the domestic tasks.

The term "second shift," coined by Arlie Hochschild, refers to the

the scientific method.

The text discusses the development of a research process, from identifying a problem, to formulation of a hypothesis and collecting of data, and finally to the sharing of the findings. Taking all of the seven steps together, social scientists regard this as

Yes, because it maintains the gendered gap in wages.

The text notes that by 2012, women were in the distinct majority of those holding bachelor's, master's and doctorate degrees. Despite this, men consistently outearn women. Does this discrepancy contribute to the feminization of poverty?

media

The three branches of government established in the early years of the United States are the executive, legislative, and judicial. More recently however, there is a growing belief that we have established a fourth branch of government. What does this refer to?

deep integration.

Thirty years ago, a Japanese car would have been made almost entirely in Japan and exported to the United States. Today, Toyota and other Japanese car manufacturers have manufacturing plants in the United States that make both cars and car parts. Toyota is a multinational company that practices

a Likert scale.

To better assess how campers feel about their experiences in summer camp, the counselors pass out a questionnaire. The responses are either: strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree. This is an example of

structural functionalism

Tony never misses a University of Alabama football game. In fact, he has held season tickets for nine years. He has developed strong friendships with other season ticket holders, and every season his group of friends discusses their part in keeping the economy afloat as they purchase their new tickets. This best exemplifies which theoretical approach to recreation and leisure?

cultural imperialism

Twitter and its role in the so-called Arab Spring are, in the eyes of some, an example of what consequence of technological development?

in terms of social reproduction, it is important to offer such experiences to upper-class kids.

Unlike students at public schools, private school students are often offered the opportunity to learn tennis and golf. This is because

comparative historical

Using the photos from Good Housekeeping magazines from the 1940s and 1950s as sources of data to better understand changes in home design is an example of which type of research method?

deprivation amplification.

Veronica's parents have adult onset diabetes. Her doctor suggested that she walk daily for exercise to help prevent getting diabetes herself. Unfortunately, it's difficult for her to walk in her neighborhood because the sidewalks are in disrepair. When the risk for disease is increased by social factors as in this case, it is called

segregation.

Veronique, a teenager living in the early 1960s in Greensboro, North Carolina, was standing outside a building and noticed one entry door marked "Whites only," while another sign saying "Blacks" was posted on a different door. She was told that this rule was enforced by a law. This is called

upward mobility.

Vertical social mobility might also be referred to as

structural functionalism

Virginia has a severe head cold so instead of making dinner as usual for her family, she opts to go to bed early. Virginia's family understands and accepts that she is not fulfilling her typical responsibilities because she is ill. This is known as the "sick role." Consider the major theoretical perspectives routinely explored throughout the text. Which theoretical approach might be used to understand this example?

use of the voting-eligible population as a metric

Voter participation rates are often considered to be quite low in the United States. What change in voting patterns and how voter participation is measured has challenged this idea?

norms

Wearing your seatbelt is common, and today it is usually a legal requirement. In the 1950s, however, it was not common nor expected. This example demonstrates that what aspect of culture can change over time?

Low wages, lack of benefits, and grueling hours often make it difficult for these workers to pay even basic bills.

What did Barbara Ehrenreich find in her research (described in her book Nickel and Dimed) on minimum-wage service jobs?

disenchantment

What did Max Weber believe people would experience more of as the dehumanizing features of bureaucratic processes became increasingly prevalent in society?

seeing ourselves reflected back from others

What did sociologist Charles Cooley argue was taking place in people's minds when he developed the concept of the looking-glass self?

secondary group

What do sociologists call a temporary, larger, and more impersonal group that is usually organized around a specific goal?

stereotyping

What do sociologists call the practice of judging others based on preconceived generalizations of the group?

transphobia

What do we call the fear of or discrimination toward individuals who display purportedly gender inappropriate behavior?

rescission

What do we call the practice by insurance companies of canceling coverage if a person gets sick?

propinquity

What do we call the tendency to have relationships with people in close geographic proximity to ourselves?

The definition of deviance is relative and varies according to culture.

What does a Padaung woman who uses brass rings to stretch her neck illustrate about deviance?

confidentiality

What does a researcher provide in order to lend assurance that no one other than the researcher will know the identity of the respondent?

sociology

What is it that Howard Becker defines as the study of people "doing things together"?

Horticultural societies tended to have more permanent settlements.

What is one of the key differences between hunting and gathering societies and horticultural societies?

The gold is the exchange of virtual game assets earned during play by the Chinese worker that are then "sold" for real money on the open market to game players in other countries.

What is the "gold" that is mined by workers in China for the massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) World of Warcraft?

to describe and understand observed activities and what they mean to the groups studied

What is the goal of ethnographic research?

ecotourism

What is the term used by sociologists to describe the efforts of tourists and the travel industry to lessen the negative consequences of tourism, both on the environment and on local cultures that tourists visit?

social network

What kind of group do you and your family, friends, peers, colleagues, teachers, and coworkers constitute?

assimilation

What process is the central idea behind America's "melting pot"?

Being open and receptive to new experiences helps us understand what we do not already know.

What quality of a sociologist is brought out by the exercise called "Beginner's Mind," which is discussed in the chapter?

midrange theory

What style of theorizing integrates empirical data gathered via specific research projects with larger-scale theories about social structure?

symbolic interactionist

What type of theorist is most likely to explore the ways in which people "do" ethnicity on a daily basis?

ethnocentrism; cultural relativism

When Charles and Kim visit Great Britain, Charles quickly decides to NOT drive the rental car because he perceives the drivers as strange and weird and he wants nothing to do with them. Kim, on the other hand, is excited about driving the car. She looks forward to learning how to do things differently than in the United States. In this example, Charles is experiencing _____ while Kim is experiencing _____.

Hyperactive behavior has been transformed into an illness that can be treated with medicine.

When Corrine was in school, students were often told to run laps as a means of managing overly energetic, unfocused behavior. Now, as a teacher with twenty-three years of experience, she witnesses this same behavior being medicated as opposed to managed. What has changed?

impression management.

When Dr. Fezei, a pediatrician, visits the newborns at the hospital, he always wears a white coat. His white doctor's coat is a component of

commodification of leisure.

When Warren noticed his daughter enjoyed doing handstands in the front yard of their home in the suburbs and saw her flips over the couch, he enrolled her in a weekly gymnastics class and bought her mats to practice on. This exemplifies the

id.

When babies are born, their biological needs are all they know. When they are hungry, they want food, and when something hurts, they cry. According to Freud, the part of the baby's brain fueling this behavior is the

a fad.

When she was in elementary school, Anika used to wear Silly Bandz to school every day. According to the textbook, this is an example of

postmodern family

When sociologists talk about a family form that improvises in response to social-structural changes in our society and makes adaptations to best fit within it, what are they referring to?

a pandemic.

When the swine flu was diagnosed in 2009, the illness spread across the globe quickly. This is classified as

symbolic interactionist

Which type of theorist is most likely to explore the ways in which registered nurses display their gender roles on the job?

domestic violence

Which epidemic disease could kill almost one-quarter of the women in the United States in the next year?

constructionists

Which group of thinkers believes the notions of gender are socially determined?

acute and chronic

Which kinds of diseases have a sudden onset, and which kinds of diseases develop over a longer period of time?

symbolic interactionism

Which of the different theoretical perspectives considered throughout the text might explore the ways in which designating and redefining animals of a given species as endangered changes the way people interact with and treat them?

Industrial

Which of the following "revolutions" resulted in the rapid transformation of social life resulting from the technological and economic developments that began with the assembly line, steam power, and urbanization?

How does where a person lives impact his or her risk of certain health issues?

Which of the following best illustrates a question of sociological interest in regard to medicine, health, and illness?

the Internet

Which of the following changes has been MOST transformative to the way distance learning, once known as correspondence courses, is now offered?

deconstruction

Which of the following concepts is central to postmodernism?

African American men

Which of the following groups has the shortest life expectancy?

Sara babysat for four hours. She earned twenty dollars.

Which of the following illustrates a causal relationship?

oxygen

Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

skateboarders

Which of the following is an example of a subculture?

a classroom of children

Which of the following is considered a group?

The meanings attached to race and ethnicity are created, maintained, and modified over time through social processes.

Which of the following is true concerning race and ethnicity?

Both service workers and knowledge workers rely on new information technologies to a large degree.

Which of the following is true of both knowledge workers and service workers?

specialization

Which of the following organizational traits did Max Weber identify as something that helps bureaucracies operate smoothly?

conflict

Which of the following sociological perspectives is concerned with the ways the educational practice known as "tracking" leads to inequality and different outcomes for different categories of students?

Qualitative research works with nonnumerical data and interprets the results.

Which of the following statements about quantitative and qualitative research is correct?

gender

Which of the following terms do sociologists consider to be social or cultural and not biological in nature?

conflict theory

Which of the major theoretical perspectives studied throughout the text might investigate how certain members of society have greater access to natural resources than others?

conflict theory

Which of the theoretical perspectives considered throughout the text might explore how and why high-culture activities are accessible to some but not all in society?

symbolic interactionism

Which of the theoretical perspectives considered throughout the text might explore how family relations are created and maintained in daily interactions?

conflict theory

Which of the theoretical perspectives considered throughout the text might explore the ways in which laws regarding drug use tend to be created by the powerful in society so that they benefit some while harming others?

functionalist

Which sociological perspective explores how society is structured and maintains order?

conflict theory

Which theoretical perspective examines the idea of families as a competition for scarce resources such as time and energy?

emergent norm theory

Which theory about collective action suggests that individuals who are part of a crowd make their own decisions about their behavior and that norms are created through others' acceptance or rejection of these norms?

feminist theory

Which theory developed as a result of applying conflict theory assumptions specifically to gender inequality?

capitalist with socialist aspects

Which type of economic system is the United States?

participant observation

Which type of research is most likely to use field notes?

cultural leveling.

While on vacation far from home, Candice wants to go to a restaurant where the locals go, wanting something different than what she can get back home. However, while looking for a place to eat, all she sees are the same chain restaurants she has near her home. This is an example of

All of them have some form of leadership, an organized structure, and a commitment to effect change.

Why are antiwar protests, civil rights demonstrations, and voting-rights efforts (suffrage) all considered to be forms of "social movements"?

If you do not try to be objective, you increase the likelihood that you may misinterpret data.

Why is it important to strive to be objective when you conduct research?

resource mobilization theory

Women in Taliban-ruled parts of Pakistan or Afghanistan are prohibited from participating in some of the most basic human activities, such as reading, going to school, and meeting together freely. The fact that it is very difficult for these women to form and sustain social movements can be best explained by which theory?

Lara provides direct service to clients.

ara works as a message therapist. Reviewing the descriptions of different work types found in the text, why would Lara be considered one type of service worker?

social bonds that held agrarian societies together.

Émile Durkheim suggested that mechanical solidarity created the