Sponge review
What is a gemmule?
A group of amebocytes covered by a hard covering.
When do sponges release gemmules?
After the adult sponge dies.
What cells move around in the Mesohyl delivering food and oxygen to other cells?
Amebocytes
Sponges are in what kingdom?
Animalia
What type of symmetry do sponges have?
Asymmetry
What do sponges eat?
Bacteria, algae, and protozoans
What is another name for collar cells?
Choanocytes
Name the two body layers of sponges.
Epidermis and gastrodermis
How do sponges get their food?
Filter feeding
What part of a collar cell helps pull in water?
Flagella
What is the jelly-like layer called between the gastrodermis and epidermis?
Mesohyl
Are sponges unicellular or multicellular?
Multicellular
Since sponges are hermaphrodites, do they fertilize their own eggs?
No.
What did early biologists think sponges were?
Plants.
How does water enter a sponge?
Pores (porocytes)
Sponges are in what phylum?
Porifera
Name three methods of asexual reproduction in sponges.
Regeneration, budding, and gemmules.
What level(s) of organization is missing in sponges?
Specialization
What two substances give the sponge support?
Spicules and spongin
Why are adult sponges said to be sessile animals?
They are attached to the same surface their whole lifes.
What is a hermaphrodite?
They produce both eggs and sperm.
What is the job of the amebocyte?
They travel around distributing food and oxygen to the cells of the epidermis.
Tiny sponges growing from the main body of the sponge are called...
buds.