Sociology 101 Chapter 8

double-consiousness

W.E.B. Du Bois asked whether one could be black and at the same time claim one's rights as an American

prejudice

a prejudgement; an inflexible attitude about a particular group of people and is rooted in generalizations or stereotypes

discrimination

an action or behavior that results in the unequal treatment of individuals because of their membership in a certain racial or ethnic group

racism

an ideology or set of beliefs about the claimed superiority of one racial or ethnic group over another

race consciousness

awareness of the importance of race in our everyday lives and in our dealings with social institutions

privilege

based on class, race, gender, sexuality or other factors

genocide

deliberate and systematic extermination of a racial, ethnic, national, or cultural group

situational ethnicity

deliberately assert our ethnicity in some situations while downplaying it in others

symbolic ethnicity

enactments of ethnic identity that occur only on special occasions

internal colonialism

exploitation of a minority group within the dominant group's borders

population transfer

forcible removal of a group of people from the territory they have occupied

racial assimilation

having children with the dominant group until the different races are completely mixed

racial passing

living as if one is a member of a different racial category

cultural assimilation

members learn the cultural practices of the dominant group

cultural appropriation

members of the dominant group adopt, co-opt, or otherwise take cultural elements from a marginalized group and use them for their own advantage

assimilation

minority group is absorbed into the dominant groups

institutional discrimination

occurs when institutions practice discriminatory policies that affect whole groups of individuals

individual discrimination

occurs when one person treats others unfairly because of their race or ethnicity

minority groups

people who are recognized as belonging to a social category and who suffer from unequal treatment as a result of that status

pluralism

permits racial and ethnic variation within one society; encourages people to embrace diversity as a positive feature of a society

segregation

physical separation of groups by race or ethnicity

ethnicity

social category that is applied to a group with a shared ancestry or cultural heritage

race

social category; based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people

color-blind racism

subtle form of racism; acting as if different races do not exist

embodied identity

the way we are perceived in the physical world