Sociology chapter 8
conspicuous consumption
buying and using products to make a statement about social standing
Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility?
class
The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as:
class traits
global stratification
compares wealth, economic stability, status and power of countries across the world
Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were _________ higher-level job positions.
denied the opportunity to obtain
When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers:
do not feel connected to their work
Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would:
earn a pay raise for doing excellent work
Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who:
get rich while workers stay poor
Status inconsistency
high prestige, low power
Kshatriyas
kings and warriors
exogamous marriages
members are from different social categories
endogamous marriages
members have same social background
Vaishyas
merchants and farmers
In the United States, most people define themselves as:
middle class
Wealth
money and economic assets
Occupational prestige means that jobs are:
not equally valued
Shudras
peasants and laborers,craftspeople
Dalits
poor, untouchables, menial and unpleasant jobs
Number one reason for human trafficking
prostitution
Social stratification is a system that:
ranks society members into categories
The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification:
serves a purpose in society
Power
the ability of individuals to achieve goals, control events, and maintain influence over others despite opposition.
The GNI PPP figure represents:
the average annual income of a country's citizens
Life chances
the extent to which people have positive experiences and can secure good things in life
standard of living
the level of wealth available to a certain socioeconomic class in order to acquire the material necessities and comforts to maintain its lifestyle
Which statement illustrates low status consistency?
A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year
Social stratification
A hierarchal ranking of people who have different access to valued resources
Open stratification system
A social class is a category of people who have a similar rank based on wealth, education, power, and prestige
Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism?
After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant.
Which of the following scenarios is an example of intergenerational mobility?
An executive belongs to a different class than her parents.
Which caste is composed of educated priests and scholars?
Brahmins
Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States?
First-generation college student
Indian caste system
Indian system is classic example of a caste system. Outlawed in 1949. Social distinctions persist.
Closed: stratification system
Mobility is limited due to ascribed statuses - sex, skin color, family background
What factor makes caste systems closed?
People cannot change their social standings.
Which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification?
Pyramid
Prestige
Respect, recognition, or regard
Closed: caste system
Social categories are based on heredity.
Social class
a grouping based on similar social factors like wealth, income, education, and occupation
Structural mobility occurs when:
a large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes
primogeniture
a law stating that all property passes to the firstborn son
Power elite
a small group of white men who make the important decisions in the U.S society
Socioeconomic status (SES)
an overall rankings of peoples positions based on their income, education,and occupation
Meritocracy
another system of social stratification in which personal effort-or merit- determines social standing
What factor makes class systems open?
They allow for movement between the classes.
