Sociology Chapter 9 and 10
Women divorced and head of household
73%
The 2009 National School Climate Survey found that almost _______ of LGBTQ students reported being verbally harassed
85%
Catharine MacKinnon
book Women's Lives, Men's Laws, published in 2005, examines inequality in criminal law for women.
Symbolic Interaction on gender inequality
Gender is learned through the process of socialization; gender inequalities are reproduced through interactions with family, peers, schools, and the media.
Some groundbreaking television series about homosexual or transgender characters
Ellen, Will and Grace, Queer eye for the straight guy, Orange is the New Black, and Transparent.
Intersex
term used to describe a person whose chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively male nor exclusively female.
Coming out
the phrase that is short for the process of revealing one's homosexual or bisexual identity.
Gender Identity
an individual's self-definition or sense of gender
Custodial fathers are in poverty.
16.2%
Harold Garfinkel
Studied a trans women named "Agnes"
Gender Expression
an individual's behavioral manifestations of gender
In what year did the first states in the United States begin legalizing same-sex marriages?
2004
Households of divorce are headed by men.
28%
Percent of women who report never been married
29%
Custodial mothers in poverty
31.8%
Men never been married
35%
The 2009 National School Climate Survey found that almost ________ reported being physically harassed.
40%
By 2012, women earned ---- percent of bachelor's degrees.
57%
Conflict Theory on gender inequality
Because of the traditional division of labor in families, males have had more access to resources and privileges and have sought to maintain their dominance.
Women increasingly outnumber men in college and made up the majority of college graduates by the
Mid-1990's
Girls in school
Receive higher grades than boys, typically credited for hardwork rather than intellectual knowledge
Boys in school
Receive more attention and instructional time and are more likely to be called on in class, are posed with more challenging questions or tasks and are given more praise for the quality of their work.
Functionalist on gender inequality
Sex determines which roles men and women are best suited to perform.
Zillah Eisenstein
Suggested the potential losses for men under a system without gender.
First wave feminism
The first wave of feminism began in the nineteenth century.
Fundamentalist
The most conservative group in all religions.
How does Talcott Parsons's sex role theory explain the rise of the nuclear family as an ideal for raising children?
The nuclear family serves the interests of capitalism. Because,From their parents, children learn the concept of a division of labor: father as breadwinner, mother as keeper of the household. This division fulfills the need to reproduce workers.
Second Shift
The second shift is the unpaid housework and child care often expected of women after they complete their day's paid labor. Laura's husband does not split the housework and child care equally and thus Laura has much second shift work to do.
Second wave feminism
The second wave of feminism took place in the 1960s and 1970s.
Sociological view on gender and sex
The sociological view of gender is that it is not fixed by biological sex but rather is a social institution. It is a set of scripts that orders our lives and defines a person's place in society.
Gender role socialization begins before birth. T or F
True
While the unemployment rate for women in the United States rose 3.2 percent during the recession from 2007-2009, the unemployment rate for men in the United States rose 5.5 percent. T or F
True
Cisgender
a term used when gender identity and/or expression aligns with the sex assigned at birth
Gender Nonconforming
a term used when gender identity and/or expression differs from societal expectations about gender roles
Transgender
a term used when gender identity and/or expression is different from the sex assigned at birth